羊毛铁配合物的配位反应及其氧化降解作用

研究了羊毛配体与铁离子之间的配位反应,并分别采用Lagergren准一级动力学模型、准二级动力学模型以及颗粒内扩散模型对实验数据进行拟合。考察了铁离子初始浓度以及pH值等因素对羊毛铁配合物催化性能的影响。使用紫外可见吸收光谱和液相色谱分别探讨了活性红195的光催化氧化降解过程。研究结果表明,羊毛与铁离子之间的反应更符合准二级动力学方程,以化学反应为主,在较高铁离子浓度下制备得到的羊毛铁配合物在pH≤6的水溶液中对活性红195具有较高的催化性能。     

Particle Size Determination of Trace Elements in Urban Air

Abstract

Airborne urban particulate matter was collected and fractionated according to size by cascade impactors. The elements zinc, cadmium, copper and lead on each size fraction were analyzed by anodic stripping voltammetry. The elements aluminum, iron, manganese, calcium and magnesium were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The data showed three different classes of particle size distribution for these nine elements. Lead and cadmium belonged to the first class with more than 70 % of the total collected element associated with particles having aerodynamic diameters below 0.5 micron. The calculated average mass median equivalent diameter (MMD) of cadmium and lead was approx. 0.1 micron. In the second class about 60% of the elements Zn, Cu, Mg and Fe was associated with particles smaller than 0.5 micron. The average MMD's for these elements were between 0.3 and 0.4 micron. For the elements Al, Ca and Mn about 50% of the metal was associated with particles smaller than 0.5 micron and the MMD's were between 0.5 and 0.6 micron. Examination of elemental ratios (using Al as a reference element) showed that Pb and Cd were about 1000 times more concentrated in atmospheric particulate matter than in average crustal material and that in general the Pb/Al and Cd/Al ratios are inversely proportional to particle size. The Zn/Al and Cu/Al ratios of atmospheric partides were age or less independent of particle size and approx. 20 times higher than these same ratios in average crustal material. The ratios Fe/Al, Mn/AI, Ca/M and Mg/AI in all sizes of particulate matter were essentially identical to the same ratios in average crustal material.     

硫化钠溶液中羊毛角蛋白溶解条件优化研究

以羊毛为原料,以硫化钠/尿素/十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)的混合溶剂体系为溶剂,以硫化钠用量、SDS用量、溶解温度、溶解时间以及反应的浴比为考察因素,以羊毛的溶解率、溶液的浓度和特性黏数为目标函数,采用二次通用旋转组合设计建立了羊毛溶解过程中的数学回归方程。通过对回归方程的参数优化得到了羊毛溶解时的优化参数如下:Na_2S用量1.9%、SDS用量0.8%,浴比22,溶解温度和溶解时间分别为35℃和20 h。以该参数进行羊毛溶解实验得到羊毛溶解率83.6%,溶液浓度4.28×10~(-2)kg/L,特性黏数4.35×10~3L/kg。     

高效液相色谱法测定含脂羊毛中灭蝇胺和环虫腈

建立了高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定含脂羊毛中的灭蝇胺和环虫腈的方法及HPLC-MS/MS确证方法。样品用80mL1%三氯乙酸溶液超声提取,MCX柱净化,Hypersil NH2色谱柱分离,水-乙腈为流动相梯度洗脱,214nm检测,HPLC-MS/MS确证。在正离子电喷雾电离(ESI+)模式下,环虫腈[M+H]+及2个主要的特征离子分别为m/z191.0,150.0和163.0;灭蝇胺[M+H]+及2个主要的特征离子分别为m/z167.0,85.0和125.0。在0.05～5.0mg/L范围内,灭蝇胺和环虫腈均有良好的线性关系,相关系数均为0.9999。本方法的检出限灭蝇胺为0.02mg/kg,环虫腈为0.01mg/kg。方法的平均加标回收率:灭蝇胺为95.0%～99.9%,环虫腈为83.6%～92.2%。     

Silk Fibroin/Wool Keratin Composite Scaffold with Hierarchical Fibrous and Porous Structure

The present study describes a silk microfiber reinforced meniscus scaffold (SMRMS) with hierarchical fibrous and porous structure made from silk fibroin (SF) and wool keratin (WK) using electrospinning and freeze-drying technology. This study focuses on the morphology, secondary structure, mechanical properties, and water absorption properties of the scaffold. The cytotoxicity and biocompatibility of SMRMS are assessed in vivo and in vitro. The scaffold shows hierarchical fibrous and porous structure, hierarchical pore size distribution (ranges from 50 to 650 µm), robust mechanical properties (compression strength can reach at 2.8 MPa), and stable biodegradability. A positive growth condition revealed by in vitro cytotoxicity testing indicates that the scaffold is not hazardous to cells. In vivo assessments of biocompatibility reveal that only a mild inflammatory reaction is present in implanted rat tissue. Meniscal scaffold made of SF/WK composite shows a potential application prospect in the meniscal repair engineering field with its development.     

Keratin Coatings for Wool: Shrinkproofing and Nanoparticle Delivery

Summary: Wool fabrics were treated with keratin hydrolysate in isolated systems, in systems incorporating a cross-linking enzyme, and in systems with nanoparticle silver. The dimensions of wool fabric were controlled after keratin applications and the strength of bleached wool fabric was improved. Keratin applications imparted these improved properties when applied alone and when applied with the enzyme. The enzyme was effective for in-situ, solid-state cross-linking of wool fabric, cross-linking keratin-to-keratin, and cross-linking keratin-to-fabric. To further improve the properties of wool, nanoparticle silver was produced in various shapes. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) micrographs of these particles showed discrete and isolated particles of size 8-100 nm, dependent on the preparation. A combination of TEM and UV-VIS spectroscopy was used to characterize these particles and scanning electron microscopy running in backscattered electron mode confirmed their placement on wool fibers. The application of nanoparticle silver to wool when co-added with keratin may both improve dimensional stability and impart antimicrobial efficacy.