硅灰石掺量对白色硅酸盐水泥性能的影响

本文研究了硅灰石掺量对白色硅酸盐水泥标准稠度、凝结时间、水化各龄期强度等的影响，结果表明：随着硅灰石掺量的增加，水泥标准稠度略有增加，初凝时间延长约１小时，终凝时间延长０．５至１小时，均在国标规定的凝结时间范围内，水化各龄期抗折、抗压强度均随掺量的增加而降低，抗折强度的下降幅度大大小于同龄期抗压强度的下降幅度；当掺量小于１０％时，对白水泥的物理力学性能影响不大。     

CO-超临界水条件下硅灰石矿化隔离CO2实验

对CO-超临界水制氢条件下硅灰石直接矿物碳酸化隔离制氢过程中产生的CO2进行了实验研究,考察了温度、压力及硅灰石的加入等对反应的影响.结果表明:硅灰石可以在CO-超临界水条件下对反应过程中生成的CO2进行矿物碳酸化固定.温度和CO初压的增加,可以促进H2产率的提高,同时也可以增加硅灰石的矿化效率;硅灰石的加入,对CO与超临界水反应也有一定的促进作用.在4MPa CO初压,420℃和10g硅灰石样品的条件下,产物气体中H2体积分数最高,为12.2%;在6MPa CO初压,400℃和10g硅灰石样品的条件下得到29.9%的矿石最高矿化效率.     

PP-g-MMA对PP/W力学性能及等温结晶动力学的影响

用差示扫描量热法(DSC)考察了聚丙烯(PP)、聚丙烯/硅灰石(PP/W)和聚丙烯/聚丙烯-g-甲基丙烯酸甲酯/硅灰石(PP/PP-g-MMA/W)的等温结晶过程。用Avrami方程对上述过程进行分析,n、K、t1/2、tmax、G1/2等参数表明,W和PP-g-MMA的掺入改变了PP的结晶成核和生长机理。用Lauritzen-Hoffman异相成核理论对PP球晶的生长速率进行了分析,△E数值表明,W有较强的成核活性,PP-g-MMA的掺入不仅进一步提高其成核活性,同时对PP大分子的扩散起阻碍作用。总之,PP-g-MMA对PP/W复合材料起增容作用,充分发挥了W的增强增韧效果。     

两种纤维状矿物作为汽车刹车片增强材料的实验研究

以改性针状硅灰石和纤维状海泡石作为复合增强体制备了多种刹车片试样,在综合分析各刹车片的冲击强度及定速摩擦试验数据的基础上,优选出了最佳刹车片配方,并针对基于优选配方的刹车片试样进行了卡斯试验及台架摩擦试验测定.结果表明,以1:6(质量分数)的硬脂酸改性细粒(0.018mm,颗粒长径比L∶D>12)针状硅灰石和硬脂酸改性粗粒(0.28mm,L∶D>50)纤维状海泡石作为复合增强体所制备的刹车片的综合性能最佳.基于优选配方所研制的19号刹车片试样的各项性能指标符合汽车刹车片材料国家标准,完全可以替代以石棉摩擦材料为增强材料的刹车片.     

Comparative study of the mechanical and wear performance of short carbon fibers and mineral particles (Wollastonite,CaSiO3) filled epoxy composites

To improve the mechanical and tribological performance, two kinds of wollastonite fillers (fine or coarse) and short carbon fibers (5–15 vol %) were, respectively, incorporated into an epoxy resin. Fine wollastonite fillers remarkably enhanced the flexural modulus, strength, and toughness of the resin at some filler contents (i.e., 10 vol %) simultaneously, while coarse wollastonite fillers and short carbon fibers impaired most of mechanical properties except the modulus. The small particle size, low aspect ratio as well as the good adhesion to the epoxy matrix of the fine wollastonite particles are believed to be responsible for the improved strength and toughness. Tribological tests were performed under sliding and low amplitude oscillating wear conditions. All fillers enhanced the wear resistance and reduced the sliding coefficient of friction but to a different extent. Under sliding wear conditions, fine wollastonite particle‐filled epoxy displayed the highest wear resistance because of the formation of an effective transfer film and the low abrasiveness of the fillers. Under low amplitude oscillating wear conditions, both wollastonite fillers showed much higher wear resistance than short carbon fibers regardless of the filler content. The better adhesion between the wollastonite fillers and the epoxy matrix is responsible for the higher wear resistance under oscillating conditions. The wear tracks were inspected by microscopy to analyze the corresponding wear mechanisms. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 44: 854–863, 2006     

Devitrification behaviour of CaO−MgO(Y2O3)−SiO2 glasses

In this paper a thermoanalytical study of the kinetic parameters and mechanism of the devitrification process of CaO·SiO₂, 1.6CaO·0.4MgO·2SiO₂ and 1.4CaO·(0.6/3)Y₂O₃·2SiO₂ is reported. The experimental results suggest that, in the studied glasses, a surface nucleation process is operative; however, in finely powdered samples, that soften and efficiently sinter before devitrifying, surface nuclei behave as bulk nuclei. In this case lamellar crystalline structures are obtained.     

硅灰石-硅溶胶浆体的固化机理研究

研究了硅灰石－硅溶胶浆体的固化过程及机理，结果表明：浆体的初期固化是由于硅灰石胶粒中Ca^2 的溶出，导致硅溶胶的凝胶化；后期固化则存在Ca^2 与溶胶作用形成类似水化硅酸钙产物的过程，硅溶胶中的Ca^2 离子促进硅灰石胶粒中Ca^2 的溶出，从而促进水化硅酸钙的形成。     

硅灰石在涂料生产中的应用

根据硅灰石的各种物理化学性质，研究了硅灰石在涂料生产中的应用，在涂料生产中用硅灰石粉代替一些贵重原料，从而大大降低了涂料成本，提高了涂料质量。     

Optimization of scratch resistance and mechanical properties in wollastonite‐reinforced polypropylene copolymers

The aim of this research was to establish a balance between scratch resistance and scratch damage visibility in the wollastonite‐filled heterophasic polypropylene copolymers.The influences of various factors including the surface hardness, elasticity, friction coefficient, and combinations thereof on the scratch behavior (scratch resistance and scratch visibility) were elucidated. Using micro‐scale and nano‐scale scratch tests and image analysis techniques, the scratch hardness, scratch depth, and scratch visibility of the composites were characterized.It was found that the introduction of wollastonite in the polypropylene copolymer matrix contributes to ductile fracture behavior because of an induced crystallization alteration. Accordingly, the scratch resistance of reinforced composites revealed an increase as a result of higher stiffness of the wollastonite as well as contribution of new crystalline structure. The addition of siloxane to the composites improved the resistance to surface damage by lowering the surface friction coefficient originated from enhanced chain mobility. Simultaneous addition of high density polyethylene and siloxane induced a significant influence on the resistance to the scratch damage. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

溶胶处理对硅灰石表面性质的影响

本工作用锡和锌两种溶胶对硅灰石进行表面处理。用酸碱测定、X-射线光电子能谱(XPS)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、粒度分析、比表面测定和扫描电子显微分析(SEM)等方法研究了溶胶处理对硅灰石表面化学性质和物理性质的影响情况。结果表明经过溶胶处理,锡或锌是以氧化物的形式包覆在硅灰石的表面,使得硅灰石的表面组成、形貌和酸碱性都发生了变化。