一株产纤维素酶的枯草芽孢杆菌 部分生物学特性研究

选用球型压头和十字型压头在RMT-150C岩石力学试验机上对花岗岩分别进行不同加载速率的岩石破碎实验,采用KBD5电磁辐射数据采集系统对岩石破碎过程中产生的电磁辐射信号进行采集处理,应用分形理论分析电磁辐射脉冲数的分形特征.实验结果表明:试件在受载过程中电磁辐射脉冲数与时间具有明显的分形特征,并随加载速率增大电磁辐射信号强度增大,分形维数D也增大,具有很好的相关性;在相同速率的岩石加载破碎条件下,十字型压头电磁辐射分形维数D比球型压头的大,与电磁辐射脉冲信号的强度变化呈相同的规律,利用电磁辐射脉冲信号和分形维数D的相同规律可以更全面地反映岩石的真实破裂过程.     

不同应变率和温度下AFRP力学性能试验研究

利用MTS液压伺服高速试验机测试芳纶纤维(Kevlar 29)增强复合材料(AFRP)在不同应变率(25,50,100和200s-1)和温度(-25,0,25,50和100℃)条件下的力学性能.结果表明,在相同温度(25℃)下,随着应变率的增大,杨氏模量和拉伸强度先增大(25~50s-1)后减小(50~200s-1),而韧性则表现为相反的趋势.在相同应变率(25s-1)下,温度的升高会造成杨氏模量出现波动,拉伸强度上升,而韧性则没有明显的改变.不同试验条件下AFRP破坏形态没有明显区别,均为较平整断裂面.最后,通过Weibull分析,量化了破坏强度在不同应变率和温度下的离散程度.     

Kinematics of layered reinforced-concrete planar beam finite elements with embedded transversal cracking

In this work crack formation and development is addressed and implemented in a planar layered reinforced-concrete beam element. The crack initiation and growth is described using the strength criterion in conjunction with exact kinematics of the interlayer connection. In this way a novel embedded-discontinuity beam finite element is derived in which the tensile stresses in concrete at the crack position reaching the tensile strength will trigger a crack to open. Since the element is multi-layered, in this way the crack is allowed to propagate through the depth of the beam. The cracked layer(s) will involve discontinuity in the cross-sectional rotation equal to the crack-profile angle, as well as a discontinuity in the position vector of the layer’s reference line. A bond–slip relationship is superimposed onto this model in a kinematically consistent manner with reinforcement being treated as an additional layer of zero thickness with its own material parameters and a constitutive law implemented in the multi-layered beam element.     

TRIZ理论在风电产品设计中的应用

介绍了TRIZ理论的产生及其理论体系,重点介绍了其在产品设计创新中应用最为广泛的TRIZ矛盾理论,包括矛盾的定义、分类及相关的解决原理,并结合实例说明了TRIZ理论的矛盾理论在风电产品设计中的应用及在企业中推广TRIZ理论的重要意义。     

应用统计外推求解近海风机面外叶根部弯矩最大值

根据IEC61400-3要求，为了确立统计外推程序以预测近海风机的长期载荷，选用NREL 5MW单桩式近海风机和浮式近海风机进行研究.在风机时域仿真中，对FAST软件进行编译，将塔筒载荷计算程序嵌入FAST，弥补了现有软件的不足.对于仿真得到的短期载荷，分别应用全局最大值法和分块最大值法拟合Gumbel分布来预测面外叶根部弯矩的最大值，并进行对比.根据对比结果，进一步提出了分块最大值法的最优分块数，并通过最大门槛值法进行验证，从而为近海风机的极限载荷计算提供参考.
     

半刚性基层沥青路面非连续结构强迫振动声效

为了无损、快速地识别半刚性基层沥青路面的结构非连续状态,实现病害预警和预养护,对冲击作用下路面板体强迫振动机理及其振动噪声特征进行了分析,并对单自由度路面系统的强迫振动微分方程进行求解.研究表明:因土基沉降、低温施工、压实不足等原因,沥青路面将产生结构内部及层间非连续病害；而非连续状态下的板体强迫振动噪声特征对冲击加载...     

Recovery performance and characteristics in shape memory effects of aliphatic polyether urethane

The analysis on the recovery performance and characteristics in shape memory effects is helpful for the optimal design and engineering applications of shape memory polymers and their composites. To investigate the relationships among recovery performance, material parameters, and loading conditions, by taking aliphatic polyether urethane as an example, the researchers simulate the shape memory behaviors numerically using a three‐dimensional viscoelastic model. The material parameters for this model are taken from stress relaxation tests, rather than dynamic mechanical analysis tests. Both the unconstrained and the constrained recovery behaviors during strain‐controlled shape memory processes are analyzed. The results reveal that the unconstrained recovery occurs at the same temperature regardless of the applied strain values. Another interesting result is that the shape recovery temperature in unconstrained recovery situations increases and the maximum recovery stress under constrained recovery conditions decreases with the increase of heating rates. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Fe2O3/Al2O3氧载体用于甲烷化学链燃烧：负载量与制备方法的影响

以不同方法制备了系列Fe₂O₃/Al₂O₃氧载体,采用XRD、H₂-TPR、CH₄-TPR、O₂-TPD和BET等分析技术对氧载体进行了表征。研究了不同Fe₂O₃负载量氧载体的甲烷化学链燃烧性能,考察了不同制备方法对Fe₂O₃/Al₂O₃氧载体结构、反应性和产物选择性的影响。结果表明,Fe₂O₃负载量对氧载体活性及产物中CO₂选择性的影响较大,负载量较低时氧载体活性较低且引起甲烷部分氧化产物CO含量增加。制备方法亦对氧载体与甲烷的反应活性有所影响,整体上共沉淀法制备的质量分数60％Fe₂O₃/Al₂O₃氧载体具有较高的氧化活性和化学链循环稳定性。其在反应温度850℃、反应时间15 min、30次循环后甲烷转化率及产物中CO₂选择性均未见明显降低。     

Mechanistic Insights into Copper‐Catalyzed Sonogashira–Hagihara‐Type Cross‐Coupling Reactions: Sub‐Mol % Catalyst Loadings and Ligand Effects

An efficient catalytic system for Sonogashira–Hagihara‐type reactions displaying ligand acceleration in the copper‐catalyzed formation of C(sp²)? C(sp) bonds is described. The structure of the ligand plays a key role for the coupling efficiency. Various copper sources show excellent catalytic activity, even in sub‐mol % quantities. A wide variety of substituents is tolerated in the substrates. Mechanistic details have been revealed by kinetic measurements and DFT calculations.     

三维介孔氨基三亚甲基膦酸锆的合成及其担载铁催化剂的甲醛催化氧化活性

以氧氯化锆和氨基三亚甲基膦酸(ATMP)为原料合成了一种新型介孔材料氨基三亚甲基膦酸锆(NTAZP)。使用XRD、FTIR、TG-DTA和SEM等手段对所合成的介孔材料进行了结构表征和形貌分析。然后以NTAZP为载体,用Fe(NO3)3水溶液处理,得到担载Fe3+的氨基三亚甲基膦酸锆。研究结果表明,Fe3+被吸附到载体孔道中后,NTAZP结构未被破坏,Fe3+离子与NTAZP孔壁骨架上的N发生了配位作用。铁担载NTAZP(NTAZP-Fe3+)对甲醛氧化具有良好的催化活性,催化反应条件温和,催化剂稳定性良好。以载体NTAZP担载铁还避免了Fe3+进入水体,催化剂得以回收利用,避免造成二次污染。NTAZP-Fe3+是一种高效绿色的新型小分子醛类化合物氧化催化剂。