初始条件对粉末连杆锻造致密过程影响的模拟研究

为研究在不同初始条件(初始相对密度、摩擦因子)下对粉末连杆锻造致密过程的影响,运用塑性变形有限元软件DEFORM-3D对粉末连杆锻造过程进行了计算机模拟研究;研究结果表明,不同初始条件对粉末连杆锻造成形致密过程具有重要影响:(1)连杆锻造过程受到的等效应力集中在杆身部位,连杆两头的等效应力相对较小,说明其锻造过程各处所受等效应力不均匀,成形密度也不均匀;(2)初始相对密度较小的预锻坯锻造结束时,连杆大头处的材料不能达到致密,初始相对密度大的预成形坯,终锻致密效果好;(3)摩擦因数越大,连杆表面的材料流动阻力就越大,连杆大小两头就越难达到致密,说明摩擦因子对连杆相对密度分布均匀性有较大影响;通过对粉末连杆锻造致密过程影响的研究,为粉末连杆预锻坯和模具的优化设计及粉末锻造连杆的成形规律提供一定理论依据。     

具有对数-指数参数特征的螺旋曲面参数化精确造型

对参数中含有对数-指数的新型螺旋曲面进行质点的成形运动学分析和描述,依据质点成形运动组合系统化定义和分类新螺旋曲面,以揭示此型螺旋曲面几何特征、数学性质、工程应用可能及推测新型螺旋曲面.构建具有对应具有对数-指数参数特征的螺旋曲线数学模型,应用Pro/E二次开发工具Pro/TOOLKIT,修正的螺旋曲面扫描算法和参数传递原理构建单一全关联数据库.对整个模型任意点,任意特征数字信息的提取实现了该类螺旋曲面的精确参数化造型.该参数化模型中对应具有对数-指数参数特征的螺旋曲线生成直接来自数学模型,所构建的参数化模型理论上无任何误差.     

Instabilities in bimetallic layers

The analysis of the thickness fluctuations in the extrusion process of bimetallic tubes has motivated the present work. For an orthotropic, incrementally-linear solid, the possibility of non-uniform solutions near the bimaterial interface is investigated by assuming an initial perturbation along the interface. The bifurcation equation for the problem is established and firstly solved numerically to obtain a critical strain in terms of a corresponding wavenumber. Then the bifurcation equation is solved for strains above the critical strain in order to analyse the growth of the perturbation, by means of an instability parameter introduced in the analysis. A set of values for several selected parameters of the process and three constitutive equations are considered in the computations. Their influence in the stability of the process is discussed in detail.     

A novel approach for anisotropic hardening modeling. Part II: Anisotropic hardening in proportional and non-proportional loadings,application to initially isotropic material

The modeling of anisotropic hardening, in particular for non-proportional loading paths, is a challenging task for advanced macroscopic models. The complex distortion of the yield locus is related to the activation and cross-hardening of different slip systems, depending on crystallographic orientations. These physical mechanisms can be taken into account in polycrystalline models but the computation times are enormous. The novel approach detailed in Part I (Rousselier et al., 2009) consists in: (i) drastically reducing the number of crystallographic orientations to save the computation cost, (ii) applying a parameter calibration procedure to obtain a good agreement with the experimental database. This methodology is first applied here to the anisotropic hardening in the proportional loadings of the strongly anisotropic aluminum alloy of Part I. Very good modeling is achieved with only eight crystallographic orientations. Different levels of additional hardening in biaxial proportional loading as compared to uniaxial loading can be modeled with the same polycrystalline model. For this, only the parameter calibration has to be performed with different databases. The same methodology has also been applied for the modeling of isotropic behavior. The best compromise between model accuracy and numerical cost is obtained with fourteen orientations. The deviations from isotropy are acceptable in all loading directions. Different levels of hardening in orthogonal loading: simple shear followed by simple tension, are achieved without any modification of the model equations. Only the parameter calibration has to be performed with different hardening levels in the database. FE calculations of a deep drawing test have been performed. The CPU time of the polycrystalline model is only five times larger than that with the simple von Mises model. The CPU time with texture evolution is further increased by a factor of two. The effects of texture evolution in rolling of the initially isotropic fcc material have been investigated. The resulting texture and hardening are qualitatively good.     

直梁靠模成形变分原理问题的探讨

对矩形截面的理想弹塑性直梁在靠模成形过程中边界待定问题,用势能变分原理推导出理想弹塑性材料的靠模悬臂梁弯曲成形的挠曲线方程,从而得到直梁靠模成形的弯曲问题的解.计算表明,推导出的直梁靠模成形的挠曲面方程可应用于工程实际.     

共压直接成型法制备单腔体固体氧化物燃料电池

采用共压直接成型法制备单腔体固体氧化物燃料电池(SC-SOFC),单电池结构为Ni-YSZ/YSZ/LSM,YSZ为8%(x)Y2O3稳定的ZrO2,LSM为锰酸镧锶(La0.7Sr0.3MnO3).应用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)研究了电池微观结构,结果表明:阴极和电解质之间结合紧密,LSM在阴极YSZ三维骨架上负载性能良好;YSZ电解质薄膜厚约50μm,阳极厚约600μm,阴极层厚约100μm.研究了单电池反应温度T,阴极催化剂负载层数n,甲烷和氧气混合体积比Rmix对电池输出性能的影响规律.在T=800℃、n=2、Rmix=2时,电池性能达到最佳,开路电压为0.95V,最大电流密度为130mA·cm-2,最大功率密度为30mW·cm-2.     

黔西南高砷煤形成特殊性研究

本文以黔西南高砷煤为研究对象,通过资料收集、野外调研、采集代表性样品作相关分析测试、综合研究等手段重点从黔西南地区所处大地构造位置以及峨眉地幔岩浆活动——峨眉山玄武岩浆喷发带来成矿物质、峨眉地幔热柱活动形成晚二叠世黔西南岩相古地理格局、燕山期峨眉地幔热柱活动成就高砷煤的形成等方面认识、分析黔西南高砷煤的形成特殊性。     

马鞍面件柔性夹钳多点拉形实验与数值模拟

为了扩展柔性夹钳在板材多点拉形中的应用,对马鞍面件进行了柔性夹钳多点拉形实验.实验结果显示,工件被夹持边缘且呈曲线性,验证了柔性夹持技术的可行性.通过标记圆法测量了各标记圆拉形前后的厚度和长度方向的直径;对马鞍面件柔性夹钳多点拉形过程进行数值模拟,通过模拟结果发现离散夹钳实现了柔性夹持,并且成形件的应力、拉伸应变和厚度分布均匀.实验值和模拟值的对比结果表明,各标记圆长度的拉伸率分布趋势一致,最大偏差为0.21％,而且各标记圆厚度减薄率的分布趋势也基本一致,最大减薄量偏差为0.02 mm,从而验证了数值模拟的正确性和柔性夹钳拉形机的实用性.