组合梁几何非线性与长期效应的同步算法

首先根据建立的随转坐标系下考虑滑移组合梁单元平衡方程,结合初应变法得到组合梁收缩徐变等效节点力有限元列式.然后基于随转列式全量法,利用总体坐标系与随转坐标系下变量间转换矩阵,获得界面滑移平面组合梁单元收缩徐变与几何非线性同步考虑的实用算法.该方法的优点是可实现几何非线性与收缩徐变材料非线性算法上的分离,收缩徐变仅在随转坐标系下考虑,几何非线性通过转换矩阵考虑.最后,结合算例说明考虑滑移的组合梁几何非线性与收缩徐变之间存在着耦合作用.     

考虑压力作用的煤吸附/解吸CH_4变形试验研究

气体压力是煤吸附/解吸瓦斯的重要影响因素之一。因此,在实验室通过改变压力差,进行了一次升压/降压和等梯度逐次升压/降压方式吸附/解吸试验。通过比较分析了两种吸附/解吸方式煤变形量大小,研究了两种吸附/解吸方式下煤残余变形量的变化规律。研究结果表明,等梯度逐次升压吸附煤膨胀变形量大于同一压力水一次升压吸附煤膨胀变形量,而两种解吸试验中煤收缩变形量大小关系与之相反,残余变形量大小关系与之相同;同一压力水平下,变压力梯度降压解吸好于等梯度逐次降压解吸。     

自密实混凝土与老混凝土的粘结收缩试验研究

以自密实混凝土为新混凝土材料,通过在新混凝土上的主要位置布置应变片,进行了新老混凝土粘结收缩试验研究,考察了不同粉煤灰掺量和界面处理方法对新混凝土收缩的影响.由试验结果可知,新老混凝土粘结的约束收缩分布及发展规律基本相同,靠近粘结面处的收缩很小,而在新混凝土中间顶部的收缩最大;适当的粉煤灰掺量能控制新混凝土的约束收缩;自然光滑面粘结试件在粘结面处的收缩应变较大,而新混凝土上其余各点收缩应变的变化比粗糙面粘结试件的小.采用双曲线函数拟合了最大收缩应变随时间变化的计算式,可为实际工程提供参考.     

复合材料薄层板常温固化收缩及翘曲变形

研究了常温下树脂基复合材料层合板固化时的收缩以及翘曲变形,结果表明：薄层板各层不同的树脂含量是翘曲变形的主要因素;对称的铺层结构能有效的降低复合材料薄层板收缩与变形。采用有限元加以分析,有限元计算结果与实验结果相近,可以利用有限元的分析计算近似地预估变形。     

骨架密实型水泥稳定碎石基层的收缩性能

研究了3种级配水泥稳定碎石的无侧限抗压强度、干燥收缩性能和不同龄期的温度收缩性能.由强度试验确定了性价比优良的水泥用量为4.0%.骨架密实型级配的干燥收缩和温度收缩性能优于另外2种级配.研究结果表明,不同级配对混合料性能具有较大影响;在满足基层强度要求的前提下,控制细集料用量可以明显改善基层抗收缩性能.     

牵伸工艺对PTT/PET复合长丝性能的影响

研究了牵伸工艺参数,包括不同牵伸比、热盘和热板温度对并列型50/50 PET/PTT复合长丝的沸水收缩性能和卷曲性能的影响.结果表明:不同的牵伸工艺参数对PTT/PET复合长丝的沸水收缩性能和卷曲性能的影响程度各不相同.其中,热板温度是影响PTT/PET复合长丝的沸水收缩性能和卷曲性能的主要因素.因此,实际生产中应注意热盘温度的控制.     

Direct Measurement of Cure‐Induced Stress in Thermosetting Materials by Means of a Dynamic Mechanical Analyzer

Summary: Significant stresses develop during cure in functional and structural applications of polymeric materials ranging from glass fiber composites to advanced functional polymers used in microelectronics, optoelectronics, and biomaterials applications. These stresses arise from a combination of chemical shrinkage and stiffness buildup in a confined geometry. In this paper, a new method for direct measurement of cure‐induced stresses during curing of thermosetting materials by using the iso‐strain mode of a dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA) has been developed. A thermal tape was used to facilitate maintaining a constant strain and initiate the iso‐strain measurement. Two quartz rods with a small gap were used to contain the material. The top of the quartz rod and one side of the thermal tape were secured by the fixed clamp, while the bottom quartz rod and the other side of the thermal tape were clamped with the moveable force probe. The cure force was thereby directly measured by the probe during the curing process. The cure stress buildup was observed to occur after a certain duration that corresponds to the gel point. Experimental results clearly show that curing at lower temperature could lead to higher cure stress due to the earlier onset of vitrification. An investigation of the stress buildup as a function of degree of cure indicates that a majority of the cure stress was generated in the vitrification regime. The methodology proposed herein provides an accurate experimental approach to investigate the cure‐induced stress generated in a thermosetting material in applications ranging from microelectronics and optoelectronics packaging to biomaterials amongst others.

Evolution of cure force and heat flow measured by means of DMA and DSC, respectively, at cure temperature 100 °C.     

基于球坐标系的非线性小波变换去噪算法

提出一种新的非线性小波变换去噪方法。该方法把线性小波变换后得到的3个高频分量通过球坐标变换后,得到球坐标下3个分量,然后在球坐标中根据图像统计特性设定的收缩因子处理小波收缩去噪。结果表明,该方法比直接进行小波收缩的结果有更好的峰值信噪比。     

Improved Estimation of Parameter Matrices in a One-Sample and Two-Sample Problems

In this paper, the problems of estimating the covariance matrix in a Wishart distribution (refer as one-sample problem) and the scale matrix in a multi-variate F distribution (which arise naturally from a two-sample setting) are considered. A new class of estimators which shrink the eigenvalues towards their harmonic mean is proposed. It is shown that the new estimator dominates the best linear estimator under two scale invariant loss functions.     

高强轻骨料混凝土收缩和徐变试验

对大跨桥梁等结构中强度等级为48.7~72.2MPa的高强轻骨料混凝土的收缩和徐变进行应力试验。试验持续时间270~1080 d。结果表明:轻骨料的含水率直接影响轻骨料混凝土收缩的发展速度,对徐变影响则较小。高含水率的轻骨料混凝土早期收缩小于相同强度的普通混凝土,但最终收缩大于普通混凝土;低含水率的轻骨料混凝土收缩始终大于普通混凝土。轻骨料混凝土的徐变系数小于普通混凝土,但由于轻骨料混凝土的弹性模量低于普通混凝土,徐变应力仍可能大于普通混凝土。