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101.
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103.
Some results are presented on the formation of singularities in the solutions of the radially-symmetric N-dimensional Euler or Euler–Poisson equations with repulsive forces. Based on the integration method of M.W. Yuen, we generalize the blowup results with constant compact radius R of solutions to the case with general compact radius R(t) and to the case with no compact support restriction. 相似文献
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105.
The control of flow in a tundish is important for improving the quality of the steel. Dams, Wiers and Pouring chamber are some of the devices used for controlling the flow in the tundish. The investigation about the role of electromagnetic forces as a replacement for these devices is an objective for the present work. Thus, 3-D MHD simulation was performed to study the effect of electromagnetic forces on flow behaviour in the tundish. The MHD model developed for carrying out the simulation was validated with the analytical solution of the Hartman problem. The results obtained shows improvement in the desired characteristics for inclusion flotataion with magnetic flow modifier of optimum strength of magnetic field. 相似文献
106.
The knowledge of forces operating between phospholipid bilayer membranes in water and aqueous solutions is a prerequisite for understanding membrane-membrane coupling phenomena such as stacking, adhesion, and fusion. This explains the substantial efforts undertaken in the last two decades to measure and rationalize the intermembrane force as a function of separation, with an emphasis on short-range repulsion. Despite considerable progress in experimental measurements, the interpretation of the force-distance curves in terms of physically distinct force components involves serious difficulties because the experiment provides only the total magnitude of the force. All this imparts importance to computer simulations, that allow direct evaluation of the intermembrane force and its components through the respective ensemble averages. In this paper we briefly review these computer simulations, as well as some relevant studies. The simulation results are discussed in the context of the existing theories of the intermembrane forces. 相似文献
107.
Polyakov V. A. Shlitsa R. P. Khitrov V. V. Zhigun V. I. 《Mechanics of Composite Materials》2001,37(2):91-106
The distribution of transverse stresses in the midlayer of a composite sandwich panel under multipoint loading is investigated. The stresses averaged across the thickness of a soft filler are estimated using a discrete model. Finite expressions for the compression of the filler along the length of the panel are derived by means of superposition of the local effects from the bending of face layers under an infinite system of transverse point forces constant across the panel thickness. The effects of compression and transverse extension of the filler, in the case of a high distribution frequency of these forces, i.e., when the distance between the forces is comparable to the panel thickness, are revealed. Compression of the panel by two systems of forces applied symmetrically or nonsymmetrically to the upper and lower faces is considered. The bending characteristics in the cases of loading with point forces and piecewise distributed loads are compared. The formulas obtained are used to determine the length of a small region on the panel surface for which the local effects from the distributed pressure and the point force are equivalent. The corresponding estimates are obtained in a closed form. The analysis, carried out with varied parameters of the structure, allows us to elucidate the peculiarities of the effect of discontinuous loads on the design characteristics in the local zones, using finite expressions derived by the operational method. 相似文献
108.
We analyze here the force noise associated with the mechanical damping of a test body surrounded by a large volume of rarefied gas, considering the statistics of momentum exchange in inelastic molecular collisions. In addition to calculating the force noise on a cube, sphere, and cylinder, we discuss the limits in applying this analysis to experimental configurations in which the test body is surrounded by an enclosure that is only slightly larger than the test body itself. 相似文献
109.
Almost all evaluations of convection schemes reported in the literature are conducted using simple problems on uniform orthogonal grids; thus, having limited contribution when solving industrial computational fluid dynamics (CFD), where the grids are usually non‐orthogonal with distortions. Herein, several convection schemes are assessed in uniform and distorted non‐orthogonal grids with emphasis on industrial applications. Linear and nonlinear (TVD) convection schemes are assessed on analytical benchmarks in both uniform and distorted grids. To evaluate the performance of the schemes, four error metrics are used: dissipation, phase and L1 errors, and the schemes' effective order of accuracy. Qualitative and quantitative deterioration of these error metrics as a function of the grid distortion metrics are investigated, and rigorous verifications are performed. Recommendations for effective use of the convection schemes based on the range of grid aspect ratio (AR), expansion ratio (ER) and skewness (Q) are included. A ship hydrodynamics case is studied, involving a Reynolds averaged Navier–Stokes simulation of a bare‐hull KVLCC2 tanker using linear and nonlinear convection schemes coupled with isotropic and anisotropic Reynolds‐stress (ARS) turbulence models using CFDShip‐Iowa v4. Predictions of local velocities and turbulent quantities from the midships to the nominal wake plane are compared with experimental fluid dynamics (EFD), and rigorous verification and validation analyses for integral forces and moments are performed for 0° and 12° drift angles. Best predictions are observed when coupling a second‐order TVD scheme with the anisotropic turbulence model. Further improvements are observed in terms of prediction of the vortical structures for 30° drift when using TVD2S‐ARS coupled with DES. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
110.
This paper is joint with [27]. The authors prove in this article the existence and reveal its structure of uniform attractor for a two-dimensional nonautonomous incompressible non-Newtonian fluid with a new class of external forces. 相似文献