Low-molecular-weight photoresponsive supramulecular hydrogel based on a dicationic azobenzene-bridged pyridinium hydrogelator

Photoresponsive supramolecular hydrogel was fabricated from a small azobenzene-bridged dicationic pyridinium salt in the aqueous solution. The UV-vis light triggered reversible gel-sol transformation of such low-molecular-weight supramolecular hydrogel was systematically investigated through various analytical techniques.     

增强实验室X激光的亮度

实验室X激光已经取得重大进展,但均属自发辐射放大,缺乏模式限制的措施,故激光功率分散在多横模中,提高激光亮度的措施之一是模式限制.由于X光多层膜一般为高吸收膜,用以形成谐振腔作模式限制看来是困难的.本文建议采用相距足够远的二段激光等离子体作同步延迟行波放大来进行横模限制.分析表明,达到衍射极限的单横模X激光是可能的,这对X光全息术以及高亮度X激光的实现是十分重要的.本文还建议改变一般采用的产生线状等离子体的光学系统设计,使激光功率密度在长线上达到均匀;认为过去的光学系统不良是长焦线时,X激光增益-长度乘积低的一个可能原因.     

ORGANIC GEOCHEMISTRY OF ARTIFICIALLY HEATED SPHAGNUM COAL CONSIDERED AS POSSIBLE SOURCE ROCK FOR OIL AND GAS

A preliminary study of simulated thermal maturity has been conducted to evaluate the oil, gas and hydrocarbon generation potential of sphagnum coal in the Jinsuo brown coal basin, Yunnan Province and to understand the characteristics of the element composition and biomarkers in the course of thermal alteration. The experimental result was compared with that of xylitic coal, a kind of lithotype of soft brown coal. It is considered that sphagnum coal possesses the potential of forming economic accumulation of oil and gas. Its highest proportion of oil and hydrocarbon generation is 510 mg/g Corg. and 232.1 mg/g Corg. respectively. At an R_(ran)~° value of 2.51%, the ratio of gas generation from sphagnum coal attains to 620.5 ml/g Corg. In view of sphagnum coal being different from the conventional soft brown coal in various respects such as coal forming raw materials and enviroments as well as physico-chemical properties, it is Suggested as a special kind of source rock for coal-generated oil and gas.     

Influence of media nutrients on synthesis of lignin peroxidase from Aspergillus sp

The effect of carbon and nitrogen sources, lignocellulosic substrates, and metal ions on lignin peroxidase (LiP) activity of Aspergillus sp., which was isolated from a mangrove area, was studied. Glucose (1%) was found to be the best carbon source. Among the various lignocellulosic substrates used, coir pith at 3% concentration increased LiP activity twofold on the second day of incubation. Peptone and KNO₃ completely inhibited the enzyme synthesis while (NH₄)₂SO₄ at 12.5 mM produced maximum activity. Since seawater contained all the requisite metal ions, any added ions had a negative effect on activity. Cu²⁺ had the most inhibiting effect while K⁺ the least. When all the optimized conditions were provided, in nitrogen- and carbon-sufficient medium, a maximum LiP activity of 345 U/mL was obtained on the second day of incubation.     

Imaging Magnetic Domain Structures with Soft X-Ray Microscopy

The current achievements in magnetic transmission soft X-ray microscopy will be reviewed. The magnetic contrast is given by X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (X-MCD), i.e., the dependence of the absorption coefficient of circularly polarized X rays on the projection of the magnetization in a ferromagnetic system onto the photon propagation direction. X-MCD contrast can reach, e.g., at L_2,3 edges in transition metals, large values up to 50%. Combined with a soft X-ray microscope where Fresnel zone plates acting as optical elements provide a lateral resolution down at 25 nm, it allows for imaging magnetic microstructures. Specific features of this photon-based technique are the recording of images in varying external magnetic fields, an inherent chemical specificity, a high sensitivity to thin magnetic layers, due to the large contrast, and the possibility to distinguish between in-plane and out-of plane contributions. In this report, recent results obtained with the XM-1 microscope at the ALS (Berkeley/CA) demonstrate the broad applicability of this novel experimental technique to both fundamental and technological relevant issues in nanomagnetism. The future potential will be briefly outlined.     

New lipids from the soft corals of the Andaman Islands

Sphingolipids and glycolipids including previously unknown (2S,3S,4R)-1,3,4-trihydroxy-2-(2-(R)-hydroxyoctadecanoylamino)octadec-8E-ene, (2S,3R)-1,3-dihydroxy-2-octadecanoylamino-4E,8E-hexadecadiene, and (2-hydroxy-3-hexadecyloxypropyl)--L-fucopyranoside were isolated from soft corals collected on the shelf near the Andaman Islands (Indian Ocean). The structures of all compounds were established by spectroscopic methods and chemical analyses. The lipids possessed antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus pumilus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger, Rhizopus oryzae, and Candida albicans.     

信用证诈骗分析及其防范对策

随着世界经济一体化和高科技的发展,信用证已成为国际贸易中重要的信用支付工具,然而信用证诈骗案件也随之不断增加.本文通过对信用证诈骗方式及原因进行分析,并提出了相应的防止利用信用证进行金融诈骗的对策.     

地铁振动荷载作用下饱和软粘土性状微观研究

位于或穿越饱和软粘土层中的地铁隧道在运营之后，沿轴线产生较大的沉降量，很大程度上与饱和软粘土在地铁振动荷载作用下土体微观结构的变形和破坏、发生残余变形有关．通过扫描电镜试验对饱和软粘土颗粒的微观性状进行了研究，从土的微结构基本单元的形状和大小、基本单元体的接触状态、基本单元体问的联结形式、孔隙的形状和大小以及土体变形3个阶段的力学特性等方面进行较深入的研究．另外，将原状土和循环三轴试验破坏后两种状态的土样作了对比，从微观的角度解释了土体的变形机理．研究成果对有效控制、避免或减轻隧道经过地区地面沉降灾害的发生，指导地铁工程的设计、施工以及地铁运行后沉降的预测评价和防治等提供了有价值的参考．     

扭曲肉芝软珊瑚的化学成分研究

从采自于海南岛三亚附近海域的扭曲肉芝软珊瑚 Sarcophyton tortuosum Tix.-Dur中,分离提取得到5个纯化合物,通过综合波谱解析和化学转化鉴定它们的化学结构分别为:1个四萜化合物methyl sarcotortuoate,3个甾醇:1β,3β,5α,6β-四羟基-25-乙酰氧基-麦角甾醇,24( S )-麦角甾烷-3β,5α,6β,25-四醇,23-甲基-24( S )-麦角甾烷-3β,5α,6β-三醇,1个神经酰胺( 2S,3R, 2′S,4E,8E )-Δ4(5),Δ8(9)-鞘氨醇-2′-羟基-十六碳酰胺.     

音箱低频特性仿真软件的应用

介绍了倒相式音箱类比成集中参数等效电路的方法和音箱低频特性计算机辅助设计软件及其使用方法.选用Visual Fortran设计了一个实际音箱,实测结果与计算机仿真结果符合得很好.