A Sensitive Spectrophotometric Determination of Nitrite in Water and Soil

A highly sensitive spectrophotometric method for the determination of nitrite in water and soil has been developed. The reaction of nitrite with acidified potassium iodide to liberate iodine which oxidizes leuco‐crystal violet (LCV) to form crystal violet having absorption maxima at 590 nm forms the bases of this method. In aqueous medium the system obeys Beer's law in the range of 0.1 to 1.0 μg per 25 mL (0.004–0.04 ppm), while in an extractive system the range is 0.025–0.25 μg in 100 mL (0.00025–0.0025 ppm). The molar absorptivity and Sandell's sensitivity were found to be 1.54 × 10⁶ 1 mol^?1 cm^?1 and 44 pg cm^?2, respectively.     

Solid-State NMR Study of Phase Separation and Order of Water Molecules and Silanol Groups in Polysiloxane Networks

Homogeneity and structure of organically modified polysiloxane networks prepared by sol-gel co-condensation, as well as location and nature of water molecules and silanol groups were studied by 1D and 2D solid-state NMR. ¹H–²⁹Si and ¹H–¹H interatomic distances were estimated from variable contact-time CP/MAS experiments, ¹H NMR chemical shifts and off-resonance WISE NMR. A structure model of these networks is proposed and discussed. The fraction of proton-inaccessible units Q⁴ in the networks decreases with increasing amounts of dimethylsiloxane (D) and methylsiloxane (T) units. In contrast to systems prepared by co-condensation of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) with dimethyl(diethoxy)silane (DMDEOS), proton-inaccessible units form essential fraction in networks prepared by co-condensation of TEOS with methyl(triethoxy)silane (MTEOS). The proton-accessible part of the networks with high O/Si ratios is nano-heterogeneous phase, which is composed of water containing Q ⁱ particles separated by copolymer domains. The overall homogeneity and uniformity of binding sites around silanol groups increases by co-condensation TEOS with DMDEOS or MTEOS, while the amount of physisorbed water as well as the hydrogen bond strength decreases, as compared with neat silica gel prepared by polycondensation of TEOS.     

水帘极板静电除尘模型的收集性能实验研究

建立了水帘极板电除尘器实验模型,研究了其电晕特性,以及极距、电场风速、水帘流量、供电电压、初始粉尘浓度等参数对除尘效率的影响.结果表明:水帘形成好坏对V-I特性曲线有一定影响,水帘流量影响形成水帘好坏的程度,因而影响除尘效率;极距对除尘效率有较大影响,极距300mm时除尘效率最高;供电电压对除尘效率的影响较为明显,随着电压的升高除尘效率也升高;风速增大除尘效率降低,初始粉尘浓度对除尘效率影响较小.     

青海省水利建设管理问题探讨

总结了1998年以来青海省水利建设管理中取得的成绩，指出了水利建设管理中存在的问题，并对今后的发展方向进行了探讨。     

基于关联规则的数据挖掘在供水管网故障诊断中的运用

找出引起供水公司管网故障的原因是供水公司进行客户服务的关键。在介绍关联规则基本概念的基础上，进一步研究了关联规则在供水公司管网故障诊断中的运用情况，并得到一些有用的规则，为管理者和分析人员提供了决策支持。     

关于高层民用建筑消防系统水压问题的探讨

通过对现行上行下给单设水箱式室内消防供水系统设计方法的研究,指出其存在的问题,并提出了改进措施.     

水土保持的生态效益价值分析--以重庆市南岸区为例

在基于GIS技术的水土保持项目规划基础上，探索生态经济学的视角来分析评价城市化发展过程中水土保持工作的生态效益，并以货币的价值形式测评．测评结果，项目区水土保持的直接经济价值预测值为1207．61万元，生态经济价值预测3017．75万元，潜在的生态价值是直接经济收入的2．5倍．因此，在水土保持规划过程中，城区的生态效益价值分析是不能忽视的．     

提高回糟产酒量的研究

采用“热水喷淋洗糟降酸,结合减曲、加糖化酶、用发酵”新技术对回糟进行发酵,研究它对回糟降酸与发酵酒醅的主要理化指标变化、产酒量及其感观质量的影响.试验结果表明:(1)“热水喷淋洗糟”新工艺与传统的“蒸汽加热排酸”工艺相比,回糟降酸显著(p<0.05),可控制在2.0以内;(2)新技术与传统的回糟发酵工艺相比,提高回糟产酒量30kg/甑以上(p<0.05),且酒的感观质量无明显差异.     

城市供水系统优化运行模型的研究

鉴于城市供水系统中产水与配水的费用关系和系统优化理论，将整个城市供水系统中各水厂处理工艺优化运行与管网优化调度作为一个系统优化问题加以考虑，从取水到配水进行统筹优化，提出了同时包含产水和输配水的供水系统优化运行模型的概念并建立了相应的数学模型，经过试算发现，该模型在现有生产条件和生产习惯的前提下，可大幅度降低整个供水行业的生产费用，具有显著的社会和经济效益。     

水波泵内流体径向平衡问题的解法

该文分析了不可压流体在转子进出口的径向平衡问题，对不同的径向流模型进行了讨论，得到满足径向平衡条件的解析解，并对新型水泵——水波泵的进、出口进行了分析计算，为完成水波泵的设计方案提供了依据。