小尺寸金属系统电导率的计算

运用量子统计要函数方法和久保公式分别计算一维金属线、二维金属薄膜的杂质散射电导率,计算结果表 尺寸金属系统的电导率跟金属系统上有关,具有量子尺寸效应。     

微孔介质上气泡形成规律的研究

用激光测试技术对微孔介质上气泡形成规律进行了研究。实验结果表明,在微孔介质上所形成气泡的 Ｓａｕｔｅｒ平均直径随通气量的增大而减小;液相中盐或醇的引入使形成的气泡直径明显减小。使用不同模型的计算结果表明,单一孔上气泡形成模型难以描述微孔介质上气泡形成规律。为了描述微孔介质上气泡形成过程,不仅要考虑孔径减小带来的影响,而且要考虑操作条件及体系性质的变化对实际生成气泡的“有效孔”数目及当量直径等因素的影响。     

Mechanism of lamellar spacing adjustment in directionally frozen agar gels

A theory is presented for predicting the size of ice crystals which result from steady-state, unidirectional growth within aqueous agar gels. Cellular arrays of adjacent ice crystals were separated by an amorphous water-agar membrane at a composition near the vitrification point. Using this vitrification composition and both a steady-state condition and a minimum free energy criterion, the size of ice crystals was predicted for a given solidification velocity and diffusion condition. It was found, however, that this simple model could not predict the trend towards larger crystal sizes that was observed when the initial agar concentration in the gels increased from 3% to 10% by weight agar.     

New In-situ Sampling and Analysis of the Production of CeO<Subscript>2</Subscript> Powders from Liquid Precursors using a Novel Wet Collection System in a rf Inductively Coupled Thermal Plasma Reactor. Part 1: Reactor System and Sampling Probe

A new reactor and a novel in-situ sampling technique were developed for the study of the synthesis of CeO₂ powders produced from dissolved cerium nitrate salts. The conical reactor minimized particle recirculation and provided a highly symmetrical and undisturbed plasma flow suitable for the analysis of the phenomena affecting the formation of CeO₂ powders. Both a calorimetric study of the reactor and a thermodynamic analysis of CeO₂ formation were conducted. The sampling probe is described and near-isokinetic sampling was achieved. The sampled particles were collected using a miniature wet collection system, i.e. a mist atomizer and a custom-made spray chamber. A numerical simulation of the velocity and temperature fields of the plasma gas in the reactor was done using Fluent. A comprehensive droplet-to-particle formation mechanism presented elsewhere is revisited and expanded based on calorimetry, thermodynamics of CeO₂ formation, numerical simulations and collected particles. No traces of other oxidation states other than CeO₂ were found.     

Finite-size scaling and the renormalization group

Renormalization group calculations ind = 4 andd = 4 – are performed for a system of finite size. A form of mean-field theory is used which yields a rounded transition for a finite system, and this allows a sensible expansion in fluctuations. A combination of Ewald and Poisson sum techniques is used to produce explicit numerical results for the specific heat ind = 4 which, with the setting of two nonuniversal metrical factors and the fourth-order coupling constant may be compared with simulations. The numerical visibility of logarithmic corrections is investigated. The universal scaling function for the specific heat to relativeO() is also evaluated numerically.     

Surface tension and universality in the three-dimensional Ising model

The amplitude ₀ of the interfacial free energy per unit area (or surface tension) of the body-centered-cubic Ising model is found using a direct monte carlo simulation technique. The combination ²/k_BT_c, where is the correlation length, is shown to agree within the precision of the simulations with a previously reported estimate for the simple cubic lattice. Evidence is also presented for the universality of the finite-size scaling amplitude for the surface tension.     

三氧化铬超微粒的制备与表征

我们曾首次报道了Fe_2O_3超微粒溶胶具有大的三阶光学非线性响应,其X~((3))值与商品用的掺杂CdS_(1-x)Se玻璃相近,并对其产生机制进行了初步研究.本文用微乳液法制备了经十二烷基苯磺酸钠(DBS)和硬脂酸(ST)表面修饰的Cr_2O_3超微粒,并用TEM、IR、XPS及紫外可见吸收光谱进行了表征.     

Estimation of the dimensions of nano-capillaries from gas adsorption data

A new approach is presented to determine the dimensions of cylindrical nanopores from adsorption measurements.     

用透射电镜法研究聚(苯乙烯-异戊二烯)二嵌段共聚物微相分离的微区尺寸

本文采用透射电镜(TEM)法,系统地研究了具有不同组成,不同分子量和不同形态结构的聚(苯乙烯-异戊二烯)二嵌段共聚物,并由TEM照片直接测量具有栓状,层状和有规双连续双金钢石(OBDD)结构的PS-PI二嵌共聚物的微区尺寸,讨论了其与分子量的关系。实验证明嵌段共聚物微相分离有规结构的微区尺寸大小与分子量呈2/3的关系。     

Predicting the performance of molecularly imprinted polymers: Selective extraction of caffeine by molecularly imprinted solid phase extraction

A rational design approach was taken to the planning and synthesis of a molecularly imprinted polymer capable of extracting caffeine (the template molecule) from a standard solution of caffeine and further from a food sample containing caffeine. Data from NMR titration experiments in conjunction with a molecular modelling approach was used in predicting the relative ratios of template to functional monomer and furthermore determined both the choice of solvent (porogen) and the amount used for the study. In addition the molecular modelling program yielded information regarding the thermodynamic stability of the pre-polymerisation complex. Post-polymerisation analysis of the polymer itself by analysis of the pore size distribution by BET yielded significant information regarding the nature of the size and distribution of the pores within the polymer matrix. Here is proposed a stepwise procedure for the development and testing of a molecularly imprinted polymer using a well-studied compound—caffeine as a model system. It is shown that both the physical characteristics of a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) and the analysis of the pre-polymerisation complex can yield vital information, which can predict how well a given MIP will perform.