江西桃红岭国家级自然保护区梅花鹿种群生存力分析

梅花鹿华南亚种(Cervus nipponkopschi)是我国Ⅰ级重点保护野生动物。目前仅分布于江西、浙江、安徽等狭窄的区域内,形成多个孤立种群。根据梅花鹿种群的相关参数,借助漩涡模型Vortex 9.99,以江西桃红岭国家级自然保护区梅花鹿种群为研究对象,对其梅花鹿种群在1983年后100 a内的动态及敏感性进行了模拟分析。模型结果表明,在自然情况下,该种群在100 a内灭绝概率为0。第1阶段(1983-1998年)种群数量从60只快速增长至226只,第2阶段(1998-2011年)种群数量从226只增长到341只,第3阶段(2011-2083年)种群数量维持在352只左右,年均增长率分别为9.25%、3.32%、0.04%。虽然高死亡率、灾害延缓了种群增长的速度,近亲繁殖导致近100 a内基因杂合率下降了7.46%,但这些因素并没有显著影响桃红岭梅花鹿种群近100 a内的命运。在不考虑其它条件的情况下,环境容纳量对梅花鹿种群遗传多样性损失具有明显的影响,是限制该梅花鹿种群发展的重要因素。因此,改善生境质量,提高环境容纳量是促进该梅花鹿种群增长的有效途径。有计划的火烧、植被矮化以及开辟生境走廊,可以有效地改善鹿类环境容纳量,是当前梅花鹿保护亟待开展的工作。同时,应进一步提高当地社区居民的保护意识,杜绝偷猎盗猎,降低人类生产经营活动对梅花鹿的影响。     

Synthesis of Cobalt Bis(Dicarbollide)—Curcumin Conjugates for Potential Use in Boron Neutron Capture Therapy

A series of novel cobalt bis(dicarbollide)—curcumin conjugates were synthesized. Two conjugates were obtained through the nucleophilic ring-opening reaction of the 1,4-dioxane and tetrahydropyran derivatives of cobalt bis(dicarbollide) with the OH group of curcumin, and using two equiv. of the oxonium derivatives, two other conjugates containing two cobalt bis(dicarbollide) units per molecule were obtained. In contrast to curcumin, the conjugates obtained were found to be non-cytotoxic against both tumor and normal cell lines. The analysis of the intracellular accumulation of the conjugates by flow cytometry showed that all cobalt bis(dicarbollide)—curcumin conjugates entered HCT116 colorectal carcinoma cells in a time-dependent manner. New non-cytotoxic conjugates contain a large amount of boron atoms in the biomolecule and can potentially be used for further biological research into boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT).     

离体皮肤的活力测定方法

皮肤移植和创面覆盖是创伤、烧伤治疗的重要措施.皮肤活力是创伤功能性封闭的必须要求.目前测定离体皮肤活力有多种方法,本文就众多测定方法作一概述.     

Scale of Viability and Minimal Time of Crisis

In this paper, we introduce and study the minimal time of a crisis map which measures the minimal time spent outside a given closed domain of constraints by trajectory solutions of a differential inclusion. The interest of such a notion is basically to tackle simultaneously viability and target issues. The main mathematical result characterizes the epigraph of the crisis map in terms of a viability kernel of an augmented problem. This allows the obtaining of the numerical schemes we specify and to derive an equivalent Hamilton–Jacobi formulation. A simple economic example illustrates the results.     

VIABILITY MODEL OF TROPHIC INTERACTIONS IN MARINE ECOSYSTEMS

ABSTRACT. An attempt to use viability models for studying marine ecosystems is proposed as a possible alternative to classical ecosystem modeling. Viability models do not consider optimal solutions but instead define all possible evolutions of a dynamical system under given constraints. Applied to marine ecosystems, a viability model is formulated based on the trophic coefficients of a mass‐balanced model. This requires relatively few assumptions about the processes involved and can integrate uncertainty associated with the required estimates of input parameters. An iterative algorithm is proposed to calculate the viability kernel, i.e., the envelope of all viable trajectories of the ecosystem. An application to the Benguela ecosystem is presented, considering interactions between detritus, phytoplankton, zooplankton, pelagic fish, demersal fish and fisheries. Results show how a viability kernel could be used to better define the healthy states of a marine ecosystem, by defining what states should be avoided. The paper discusses how viability models of trophic interactions could help to define a new ecosystem‐based indicator for fisheries management. It then discusses how this approach can potentially contribute to a paradigm shift that is emerging in the management of renewable resources.     

Lipschitz Continuity of the Value Function in Optimal Control

For optimal control problems in with given target and free final time, we obtain a necessary and sufficient condition for local Lipschitz continuity of the optimal value as a function of the initial position. The target can be an arbitrary closed set, and the dynamics can depend in a measurable way on the time. As a limit case of this condition, we obtain a characterization of the viability property of the target, in terms of perpendiculars to the target instead of tangent cones. As an application, we analyze the convergence of certain discretization schemes for time-optimal problems.     

Viability of Bacteria in Hybrid Aqueous Silica Gels

Whole E. coli bacteria have been trapped within silica gels obtained via the acidification of sodium silicate and silica nanoparticles solutions. Their -galactosidase enzymatic activity increases with time, suggesting that their membrane is partially lysed during the encapsulation process. Such a lysis can be greatly reduced when encapsulation is performed in the presence of gelatin. The biocatalytic activity of trapped bacteria remains almost constant for more than a week. Moreover bacteria trapped in such gels remain able to incorporate glucose, showing that their viability has been preserved.     

The viability property of controlled jump diffusion processes

In this paper, we first give a comparison theorem of viscosity solution to some nonlinear second order integrodifferential equation. And then using the comparison theorem, we obtain a necessary and sufficient condition for the viability property of some controlled jump diffusion processes which can keep the solution within a constraint K.     

(E)-3-Arylidene-4-diazopyrrolidine-2,5-diones conveniently elaborated into cytotoxic compounds bearing primary sulfonamide and Michael acceptor moieties

The earlier described (E)-3-arylidene-4-diazopyrrolidine-2,5-diones have been elaborated into two distinct series of compounds both bearing a primary sulfonamide moiety and an electrophilic ‘Michael acceptor’ motif. These compounds demonstrated cytotoxicity against colorectal cancer cell line HCT 116.     

Guaranteed Output Feedback Control for Uncertain Systems under Control and State Constraints

This paper deals with output feedback control of uncertain nonlinear dynamic systems in the presence of state and control constraints. We provide necessary and sufficient conditions for the guaranteed viability property defined by the existence of a Lipschitz closed-loop that maintains exactly the state of the system in a given closed domain of constraints despite some bounded disturbances acting both on the dynamics and on the output. Using the notion of Lipschitz kernel of a closed set-valued map, we obtain some equivalent geometric and Hamilton–Jacobi–Isaac conditions for the guaranteed viability property. We derive an algorithm to build a guaranteed viable output feedback.