六角星形MoSe_2双层纳米片的制备及其光致发光性能

采用化学气相沉积法,以三氧化钼作为钼源,硒粉作为硒源,在H_2/Ar气氛下生长出硒化钼纳米片.扫描电镜、X射线衍射表征结果表明,MoSe_2产物呈六角星状,横向尺寸约10μm,具有很好的晶体质量和结构.拉曼光谱表征其结构,确定其为双层纳米片.研究表明,高温反应时间对双层纳米片的生长具有重要的影响.通过对双层纳米片的生长机理的探究,推测其经历了3个生长过程:在高温下,Mo源和Se源被气化成气态分子并发生硒化反应形成晶核;晶核呈三角形外延生长;当反应时间持续增加,在空间位阻效应的影响下,晶体以中心原子岛为核,外延耦合生长出第二层三角形,最终形成六角星状双层纳米片.光致发光光谱结果表明,六角星状MoSe_2双层纳米片在1.53 eV处具有直接带隙和1.78 eV处具有间接带隙,其较宽范围的激发光谱响应预测其在光电探测器件领域具有潜在的应用前景.     

A spectroscopic database for water vapor adapted to spectral properties at high temperature, and moderate resolution

The prediction of infrared spectral radiance from high temperature media such as combustion gases requires spectroscopic data for triatomic molecules like water vapor and carbone dioxyde. At temperature above 2000 K, water vapor spectrum is composed of hundreds of thousands lines making practical computations uneasy. We have set up a spectroscopic database for water vapor, based on three existing lines compilations. This database is well suited to computation of remote sensing spectra where hot gases emission is seen through atmospheric paths. The database enables efficient computation of water vapor spectra between 600 and 6600 cm⁻¹ at moderate spectral resolution (5 cm⁻¹). It has been used to compute parameters of a statistical narrow band model which are used in practical applications.     

注入锁定铜蒸气激光器的实验研究

使用两台相同的望远镜式非稳腔铜蒸气激光器,通过一块45°玻璃平板作腔的耦合组成匹配的注入锁定系统,研究了同步、注入信号功率和光束孔径大小等因素对输出功率和方向性的影响,实验结果清楚地表明,注入信号的作用在于抑制腔内高阶横模(包括被放大的自发发射)的竞争,使高增益介质的激光器既提高效率又改善方向性。注入锁定器件功率水平在5左右的情况下,其结果与单独非稳腔振荡相比,输出功率增加30～40％,方向性改善一倍以上。     

Water vapor adsorption onto activated carbons prepared from cattle manure compost (CMC)

Activated carbons were prepared from cattle manure compost (CMC) using zinc chloride activation. The structural and surface chemical characteristics of CMC-based activated carbons were determined by N₂ adsorption-desorption and Boehm titration, respectively. The water vapor adsorption properties of the prepared activated carbons with various pore structure and surface nature were examined, and the mechanism of water adsorbed onto activated carbon was also discussed. The results show that the adsorption of water vapor on carbons begins at specific active sites at low relative humidity (RH), followed by micropore filling at medium RH through the formation of pentamer cluster of water molecules in the narrow micropores. The water vapor adsorption capacity of activated carbon is predominantly dependent on its pore volume and surface area. Although capillary condensation is not the mechanism for water adsorption onto activated carbon, water can adsorb on narrow mesopore to some extent.     

物理气相沉积法制备TP/TFA纳米薄膜与光致发光特性探究

为了探究有机荧光材料在微纳尺寸上的荧光特性,采用低真空物理气相沉积方法制备了茶碱（TP）和2,3,5,6-四氟对苯二甲酸（TFA）有机纳米薄膜。通过对TP和TFA薄膜的荧光性质进行表征发现：与TP粉末相比薄膜的荧光发射峰由1个增加到4个,发射波长范围拓宽了100 nm,TFA的荧光发射峰之间的相对荧光强度发生了变化,与原料粉末相比在408 nm处的荧光发射峰蓝移了7 nm,362 nm处的荧光发射峰红移了3 nm。另外随着纳米薄膜厚度的逐渐增加,其荧光效率也逐渐增大。通过对TP和TFA纳米薄膜的表面形貌表征发现：随着薄膜厚度的增加,颗粒的聚集形态尺寸逐渐增大,从而验证了荧光效率随膜厚增加而逐渐提升的特性。     

Saturated Vapor Pressure of Iridium(III) Acetylacetonate

The temperature dependency of the saturated vapor pressure of Ir(acac)₃ has been measured by the method of calibrated volume (MCV), the Knudsen method, the flow transpiration method, and the membrane method. The thermodynamic parameters of phase transition of a crystal to gas were calculated using each of these methods, and the following values of ΔH _T ⁰ (kJ mol⁻¹) and ΔS _T ⁰ (J mol⁻¹K⁻¹), respectively, were obtained: MCV: 101.59, 156.70; Knudsen: 130.54, 224.40; Flow transpiration: 129.34, 212.23; Membrane: 95.45, 149.44 Coprocessing of obtaining data (MCV, flow transportation method and Knudsen method) at temperature ranges 110−200°C as also conducted:ΔH _T ⁰ =127.9±2.1 (kJ mol⁻¹ ); ΔS _T ⁰ =215.2±5.0 (J mol⁻¹ K⁻¹ ). This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Equilibrium adsorption of a cyclopentane—benzene vapor mixture on active carbon

The data on adsorption of cyclopentane, benzene, and their mixture on active carbon were analyzed by the statistical thermodynamic model. A method to describe the state of a binary mixture in single micropores was offered. A substantial negative deviation from Raoult's law predicted by the concept of an ideal adsorption solution is a consequence of a decrease in the excessive Helmholtz energy brought about by progressive filling when values of the excessive energy are positive over a wide range of adsorption. The excessive values found for the entropy and internal energy of a mixture of molecules in a single micropore are negative due to the heterogeneity of the adsorption field. The approach suggested adequately describes the experimental data and can be used for the determination of differential heats of adsorption. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1070–1076, June, 1999.     

VOCs在土壤孔隙中扩散模型的适用性

为研究污染物在土壤多孔介质中迁移性质，建立了一种可快速测定非保守性污染物在土壤孔隙中有效扩散系数的新方法，采用了土柱扩散实验研究挥发性有机物(VOCs)在土壤中的有效扩散系数．根据多孔介质为干燥和含水体系将挥发性有机物分为保守性和非保守性两种类型的扩散组分，建立了不同的迁移模型方程进行过程描述，并提出了迁移方程的一维解析解，对三氯乙烯和苯在砂土体系的研究表明，利用土柱扩散实验测定挥发性有机物的有效扩散系数的方法可靠，同时表明采用经验扩散模型描述非保守性组分的扩散时应考虑适用范围，孔隙中气相体积含率低时，Millington模型和Collin模型适用性较好，且Collin模型更优一些，当气相体积含率很高时，则应考虑应用Marshall模型和Penmen模型。     

Molecular dynamics simulation of the equilibrium liquid–vapor interphase with solidification

The equilibrium structure of the finite, interphase interfacial region that exists between a liquid film and a bulk vapor is resolved by molecular dynamics simulation. Argon systems are considered for a temperature range that extends below the melting point. Physically consistent procedures are developed to define the boundaries between the interphase and the liquid and vapor phases. The procedures involve counting of neighboring molecules and comparing the results with boundary criteria that permit the boundaries to be precisely established. Two-dimensional radial distribution functions at the liquid and vapor boundaries and within the interphase region demonstrate the physical consistency of the boundary criteria and the state of transition within the region. The method developed for interphase boundary definitions can be extended to nonequilibrium systems. Spatial profiles of macroscopic properties across the interphase region are presented. A number of interfacial thermodynamic properties and profile curve-fit parameters are tabulated, including evaporation/condensation coefficients determined from molecular flux statistics. The evaporation/condensation coefficients away from the melting point compare more favorably with transition state theory than those of previous simulations. Near the melting point, transition theory approximations are less valid and the present results differ from the theory. The effects of film substrate wetting on evaporation/condensation coefficients are also presented.