计及柔性安全裕度的多电飞机负载转供策略

采用多电飞机电气系统的节点电压柔性表示可变的运行点安全裕度,提出考虑飞机运行工况和变频启动发电机故障位置的离线最优负载转供策略。首先,基于同一工况下负载相关关系构建多维联合分布函数,结合蒙特卡洛法生成表征负载不确定波动的大量场景,并利用Ward系统聚类进行场景削减。然后,以增大系统电压柔性和降低网络损耗为目标,建立了负载转供柔性优化模型。同时,为提高计算收敛性和速度,对NSGA-Ⅱ算法进行改进,最终结合TOPSIS分析得到Pareto最优折中解。应用实际Boeing 787电气系统进行分析,结果表明,改进NSGA-Ⅱ算法具有更快的收敛速度和更佳的优化结果,且本模型得出的转供策略对比传统方式在提升运行安全性与经济性方面有一定效果。     

德阳市地下水富集规律及可持续开发利用

针对德阳市地下水资源面临的严峻形势,利用资料收集、水文地质调查和室内综合分析的方法,归纳了研究区水文地质特征,总结了地下水富集规律,并根据水文地质特征和地下水富集规律的差异性将德阳市划分为断褶山区裂隙-岩溶地下水资源禀赋区(Ⅰ)、平原孔隙地下水资源禀赋区(Ⅱ)和红层裂隙-孔隙地下水资源禀赋区(Ⅲ)。研究表明,禀赋区(Ⅰ)具备生态保护和水源涵养的功能特点,需加强生态环境保护;禀赋区(Ⅱ)具备规模开发利用的特点,可开展基于湿地生态系统的地下水人工补给工程,增加地下水储存量;禀赋区(Ⅲ)地下水仅能满足基本的人畜饮水,有效储集大气降水,拦截地表水流,增加蓄水量,是解决缺水问题的有效途径。阐明水文地质特征,总结地下水富集规律,进行地下水资源禀赋分区是研究地下水资源可持续开发利用的基础。     

阳离子表面活性剂提高低渗透油藏注水效率机理

针对长庆油田低渗透油藏注水困难的问题,采用可见光分光光度计和微电泳仪研究了一种水溶性双阳离子表面活性剂在岩石颗粒表面的吸附特性和对岩石颗粒表面电性的影响规律,选用长庆油田长6地层的岩心,评价了该处理剂的抑制黏土膨胀效果及降压增注能力。结果表明,表面活性剂在岩心颗粒表面的吸附等温线遵循Langmuir吸附规律,与岩心颗粒之间的静电引力较大。吸附后,使岩石表面电势减弱,减弱了黏土的膨胀,对黏土颗粒的运移具有一定的抑制作用,因而能够降低注入水对岩心渗透性的伤害程度,明显提高低渗透油藏注水效率。     

High-efficiency hydrophilic interaction chromatography by coupling 25 cm × 4.6 mm ID × 5 μm silica columns and operation at 80 °C

Recently, hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) has emerged as a valuable orthogonal tool to reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RP-LC) as it allows for resolution of highly polar ionisable compounds. The relationships between separation efficiency, column length and speed of analysis for 4.6 mm ID × 5 μm silica particle columns in HILIC are demonstrated using kinetic plots. The kinetic plots constructed for conventional pressure systems operating at 350 bar and at 30 °C and 80 °C are confirmed using experimental data for different column lengths. Efficiencies of more than 130,000 theoretical plates could be achieved by connecting up to six columns of 25 cm. As expected, a significant gain in analysis speed without loss of efficiency could be obtained by operating at 80 °C compared to 30 °C. The advantages of using long columns in HILIC in combination with elevated column temperature for the pharmaceutical industry are illustrated using test mixtures comprised of commercially available ionisable compounds (including some containing functional groups with potential genotoxic typical structural alerts) as well as real polar ionisable pharmaceuticals.     

铒激光脉冲消融泌尿结石和胆结石比较研究

利用光学弱相干显微成像系统对脉冲激光消融硬生物组织后形成的凹坑二维和三维形貌进行了扫描,分析了Erbium∶YAG激光脉冲消融生物硬组织特性.结果表明:相同激光参量条件下,消融胆结石比消融泌尿结石具有更高的消融效率;消融胆结石或消融泌尿结石时,脉冲能量越大,消融效率越高;消融效率提高主要体现在凹坑表面直径更宽、高度更深...     

放电脉冲重频准分子激光器在不同应用领域的发展现状(英文)

研究了脉冲宽度为25～40 ns的放电脉冲XeCl准分子激光器的工作参数。结果显示,激光器产生的脉冲能量为0.2～0.7 J,重复频率为100 Hz,表明在泵浦功率为2.8～3.3 MW/cm3时,激光器实现了2.6%的激光效率和3.8%的本征效率。     

具广义V-不变凸多目标变分的混合对偶性

在函数广义V-不变凸性的条件下,建立了多目标变分关于有效解的混合对偶理论.     

High power efficiency in single layer blue phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes

High efficiency single layer blue phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes (PHOLEDs) without any charge transport layer were developed. A mixed host of spirobifluorene based phosphine oxide (SPPO13) and 1, 1-bis[(di-4-tolylamino)phenyl]cyclohexane (TAPC) was used as the host in the emitting layer. A high maximum external quantum efficiency of 15.8% and a quantum efficiency of 8.6% at 1000 cd/m² were achieved in the single-layer blue PHOLEDs without any charge transport layer. The maximum power efficiency and power efficiency at 1000 cd/m² were 31.4 and 16.9 lm/W, respectively.     

Physalis method for heterogeneous mixtures of dielectrics and conductors: Accurately simulating one million particles using a PC

Prosperetti’s seminal Physalis method, an Immersed Boundary/spectral method, had been used extensively to investigate fluid flows with suspended solid particles. Its underlying idea of creating a cage and using a spectral general analytical solution around a discontinuity in a surrounding field as a computational mechanism to enable the accommodation of physical and geometric discontinuities is a general concept, and can be applied to other problems of importance to physics, mechanics, and chemistry. In this paper we provide a foundation for the application of this approach to the determination of the distribution of electric charge in heterogeneous mixtures of dielectrics and conductors. The proposed Physalis method is remarkably accurate and efficient. In the method, a spectral analytical solution is used to tackle the discontinuity and thus the discontinuous boundary conditions at the interface of two media are satisfied exactly. Owing to the hybrid finite difference and spectral schemes, the method is spectrally accurate if the modes are not sufficiently resolved, while higher than second-order accurate if the modes are sufficiently resolved, for the solved potential field. Because of the features of the analytical solutions, the derivative quantities of importance, such as electric field, charge distribution, and force, have the same order of accuracy as the solved potential field during postprocessing. This is an important advantage of the Physalis method over other numerical methods involving interpolation, differentiation, and integration during postprocessing, which may significantly degrade the accuracy of the derivative quantities of importance. The analytical solutions enable the user to use relatively few mesh points to accurately represent the regions of discontinuity. In addition, the spectral convergence and a linear relationship between the cost of computer memory/computation and particle numbers results in a very efficient method. In the present paper, the accuracy of the method is numerically investigated by example computations using one dielectric particle, one isolated conductor particle, one conductor particle connected to an external source with imposed voltage, and two conductor/dielectric particles with strong interactions. The efficiency of the method is demonstrated with one million particles, which suggests that the method can be used for many important engineering applications of broad interest.