Biosorption of actinides from dilute waste actinide solution by egg-shell membrane

Removal of radioactive elements from the effluent and waste aqueous solutions is an important problem. In previous laboratory batch experiments, hen egg-shell membrane (ESM) was stable as an insoluble protein and was very capable of binding heavy metal ions from aqueous solution. Batch laboratory pH profile, time dependency, and capacity experiments were performed to determine the binding of uranium (U) and thorium (Th) to ESM. Batch pH profile experiments indicated that the optimum pH for binding these actinides was approx 6.0 (U) or 3.0 (Th). The adsorption isotherms were developed at pH 5.0 (U) or 3.0 (Th) at 25°C, and the adsorption equilibrium data fitted both Langmuir and Freundlich models. The maximum uptakes by the Langmuir model were about 240 mg U/g and 60 mg Th/g dry weight ESM. In addition, their adsorption capacities increased as salt concentration increased. ESM could also accumulate uranium from dilute aqueous solution by adjusting to the optimum pH. These results showed that ESM was effective for removing actinides from solution and would be useful in filtration technology to remove actinides from aqueous solution. S.-I. Ishikawa is a research fellow at the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science.     

北秦岭柳树湾花岗伟晶岩型铀矿床流体包裹体和氢-氧-硫同位素研究

河南省柳树湾花岗伟晶岩型铀矿床位于北秦岭东段,含矿伟晶岩受灰池子岩体与秦岭岩群的接触带控制。通过对研究区的地质特征、流体包裹体以及氢-氧-硫同位素的研究,探讨柳树湾花岗伟晶岩型铀矿床的成矿物质、流体来源。伟晶岩型铀矿成矿流体温度为513.5℃～567.4℃,H同位素为-107.9‰～-89.6‰,O同位素为11‰～13.2‰,S同位素为3.5‰～5.8‰。研究结果表明：柳树湾花岗伟晶岩型铀矿床成矿流体主要为深部岩浆水,成矿物质主要来自深部岩浆。     

Spaltmolybdänabtrennung durch Extraktion mit Acetylaceton

Die Abtrennung von Spaltmolybdän aus bestrahlten Uranoxidtargets wird untersucht.

Nach dem Auflösen des Brennstoffes und des Hüllenmaterials (Aluminium) in Salpetersäure wird das Molybdän mit einem Gemisch von Acetylaceton und Tetrachlorkohlenstoff extrahiert. Zur Rückextraktion wird Ammoniaklösung verwendet. Es werden Verteilungskoeffizienten und Trennfaktoren angegeben.     

铀尾矿粒度分形分布对氡析出影响的初步研究

铀尾矿中氡的析出是备受重视的典型环境问题.本文实验研究了尾矿粒度分形分布对氡析出率的影响.结果表明,尾矿中氡的析出率呈现振荡性变化;在尾矿粒度分布分维值为2.3-2.8内,氡析出率随分维值的增大显著减小,至分维值为2.6时达到极小值,然后随分维值的增大略有增高.反冲作用与He-Rn团簇的形成和尾矿的非均匀性导致了氡析出的振荡变化.分维值增大,小颗粒尾矿含量增高,孔隙度减小,导致了氡析出率随分维值增大而减小.但是,随着分维值的增大,小颗粒增多,由反冲作用引起的氡释放进入孔隙的几率增大,又导致氡析出率随分维值增大而轻微增高.     

内蒙古大营铀矿区高光谱遥感蚀变信息提取

为解决遥感勘测技术在大营铀矿区应用的问题, 基于大营铀矿区的 Hyperion 卫星高光谱遥感影像数据, 以及油气微渗漏理论思想, 提出重点提取出含铁离子、 碳酸盐、 粘土矿物等典型矿化蚀变信息的研究方法, 并 将填图结果与内蒙古大营铀矿区的基础地质、 地球物理和地球化学等资料予以对比分析。 结果表明, 所提取出 的多数矿化蚀变信息能作为该地区铀矿勘查工作中的重要找矿标志。     

Evaluation of Treatments to Attain Isotopic Equilibration of Plutonium Preceding the Resin Bead Technique for Mass Spectrometric Assay Analysis of Spent Reactor Fuel

Abstract

Ten chemical treatments are evaluated for the attainment of isotopic equilibration of plutonium prior to its sorption on resin beads for assay of dissolved reactor fuel by isotope-dilution mass spectrometry. The one consistently reliable treatment is reduction to Pu(III) with heated ferrous sulfamate followed by oxidation to Pu(IV) with heated sodium nitrite.     

有限单元法在龙王山金矿尾矿坝优化设计中的应用

尾矿库的安全稳定在矿山的安全生产和环境保护中有着十分重要的作用．本文运用有限单元分析软件,从尾矿坝力学稳定的角度,对龙王山金矿尾矿坝体的结构形式进行了优化分析与设计,达到了安全允许条件下的建造原料成本最低的控制目标．因此,该设计方法对于大坝的设计具有较强的指导意义。     

沸石—纳米零价铁复合材料对铀的吸附性能研究

通过液相还原法制备出纳米零价铁,将它负载于沸石表面制成负载型纳米零价铁复合材料(Z-n ZVI).采用扫描电镜法(SEM)和BET法对材料进行了表征,考察了不同的温度、反应时间、U(VI)初始浓度、样品投加量对该材料对U(VI)去除效果的影响.结果表明:纳米零价铁颗粒均匀的分布在沸石的表面上,其粒径在40~80 nm左右;在p H为4.5,温度为30℃,接触时间为60 min,样品投加量为0.5 g/L条件下,U(VI)的去除率和吸附容量达到96.7%和48.5 mg/g.该复合材料对水溶液中的U(VI)有较好的去除效果,有望在实际应用中解决含铀废水难以处理的问题.