程序理解及汇编源程序辅助理解工具TALU

本文讨论程序分析(理解)的理论和方法,重点阐述用于分析的扫描算法,在此基础上简单介绍我校开发的、能帮助程序分析人员分析理解汇编源程序的工具TALU。开发该工具的目的在于降低软件理解对人的智力依赖程度,提高分析人员理解程序的效率和准确度。TALU可以对IBM/PC汇编语言程序提供较强的综合分析能力。并对分析结果提供各种形式的输出报告。     

解释学循环与美诺悖论—来自海德格尔思想的启示

美诺悖论构成了解释学与知识论的一个重要联结点,长期以来人们对美诺悖论的探讨大都集中于认识论或知识论,然而站在今天欧陆哲学、尤其是海德格尔的立场,解释学与知识论具有某种内在的关联,但它们不是并列的关系,而是源生与衍生的关系。如此看来,解释学同样要面对美诺悖论。解释学理论的核心之一是解释学循环,而解释学循环发展到海德格尔阶段产生了重要的转折,进入到存在论−生存论的层次,它可为理解乃至化解美诺悖论提供一个很好的、富于启发性的视角。     

精神科学的逻辑演进—以诠释学为中心

随着自然科学革命的推进和传统人文领域的式微,精神科学的奠基逐渐被提上日程。精神科学、人文科学有没有自身的逻辑和方法论？这是19世纪下半叶以来哲学面临的重大问题,并在当今学术语境中依然显示出紧迫性。人文科学最初由维柯奠基,以诗性逻辑阐明人文知识的合法性,却忽略了知识的起源和有效性之区分;狄尔泰通过建构描述心理学和诠释学的方法论,在精神科学的奠基与证成上迈出关键的一步,不过他仍然没有摆脱传统认识论的框架;在精神科学的自我确证之路上,伽达默尔接力前行,其哲学诠释学证明了精神科学与理解的本质关系,确立理解的对话结构和精神科学的问答逻辑,由于这种逻辑主要局限于存在论/本体论层面的描述,故而隐含着认识论和实践价值上的相对主义危机。应在更高层面上展望一种存在论和认识论—方法论相统一的精神科学的对话逻辑,这种逻辑融合交互性、反思批判性、开放性和伦理性等元素于自身,不仅标识出精神科学的特质,也能为不同学科领域的交叉综合与创新提供助益。     

基于Bi-LSTM的多层面隐喻识别方法

以双向长短期记忆网络(Bi-LSTM)为核心,结合多层卷积神经网络以及单向长短期记忆网络构建了多层面隐喻识别模型.基于多特征协同作用的思想,利用依存关系特征、语义特征、词性特征等多特征融合输入方法,丰富了模型的学习信息.为降低信息干扰,利用基于统计学的规范化文本输入方法提升模型识别效果.在英文语料词层面和句层面实验中,各个特征均表现出明显的正向作用.裁剪和填充处理及多特征协调作用在英文语料词层面研究中使F₁值分别提升2.5%和5.1%,在句层面研究中F₁值分别提升3.1%和1.9%.在中文语料句层面实验中,最优效果的F₁值可达88.8%.     

The analysis of the understanding of the three-dimensional (Euclidian) space and the two-variable function concept by university students

Conceptual understanding is being emphasized in mathematics education. Students often have difficulty understanding the multi-variable function, a key concept. Based on the APOS theory, which analyzes the cognitive structures formed by individuals in learning a mathematical concept and produces components related to that learning, this study analyzes the conceptual understanding of three-dimensional spaces and two-variable functions by university students. The genetic decomposition of these concepts proposed by Trigueros and Martinez-Planell is also considered. The analyzes results revealed that only one student constructed the concept of three-dimensional space as an object within the framework of genetic decomposition. Some students could not relate the concepts of two-variable function and three-dimensional space. Students who could perform algebraic operations had problems related to geometric representation. This study suggests the refinement of genetic decomposition to include, e.g., mental construction steps for writing algebraic equations of special surfaces whose graphs are given in R³.     

英语词汇学习策略

学生记忆词汇有一定难度,尤其是词汇学习方法方面.学习词汇首先要正确理解英语词汇与汉语的异同,同时运用学习策略的不同层面来理解、掌握词汇.     

从接受主体的视角"观"诗

孔子“观”诗说的内涵井不限于诗歌的社会功用而首先是接受主体为诗歌所感发而引起的审美愉悦乃至审美自得。从审美接受的角度看，中国古典诗歌尤其讲究含蓄空灵，这就需要接受主体全身心，全灵魂的投入才能彻悟诗之美并获得审美自得。     

化学概念理解水平的确定与测查研究——以酸碱反应概念理解测查工具的开发为例

为测量学生酸碱反应概念的理解水平,并诊断学生的相异构想,基于RASCH模型开发了酸碱反应概念理解的测查工具。使用该测查工具对752名高中生进行测试,分析显示测试结果有一定的信度和效度。研究还表明,中学生对酸碱反应概念的理解水平随年级升高而提高,但在不同的理解水平上学生均存在较多的相异构想。     

Developing shift problems to foster geometrical proof and understanding

Meaningful learning of formal mathematics in regular classrooms remains a problem in mathematics education. Research shows that instructional approaches in which students work collaboratively on tasks that are tailored to problem solving and reflection can improve students’ learning in experimental classrooms. However, these sequences involve often carefully constructed reinvention route, which do not fit the needs of teachers and students working from conventional curriculum materials. To help to narrow this gap, we developed an intervention—‘shift problem lessons’. The aim of this article is to discuss the design of shift problems and to analyze learning processes occurring when students are working on the tasks. Specifically, we discuss three paradigmatic episodes based on data from a teaching experiment in geometrical proof. The episodes show that is possible to create a micro-learning ecology where regular students are seriously involved in mathematical discussions, ground their mathematical understanding and strengthen their relational framework.     

“先行结构”与理解的作用

理解指读者对文学作品的理解和解释,＂先行结构＂指制约着读者自己对文学作品的理解和解释的＂前理解＂,向新的理解和解释开放的可能性可以使读者投入思考,从而赋与作品深刻丰富的内涵。海明威的短篇小说《雨里的猫》可以从这两个方面入手解读与阐释,其中的空白点,需要读者在阅读过程中填充。