大孔树脂分离纯化杜仲叶中绿原酸的研究

通过静、动态吸附和洗脱实验,筛选出306型大孔树脂为绿原酸的吸附树脂;当上柱溶液pH值控制在2~3,吸附流速为4 mL/min,吸附完毕后用60%的乙醇洗脱,洗脱率在90%以上;洗脱液经浓缩干燥后得绿原酸粗品,纯度达40%以上。     

Geniposidic Acid from Eucommia ulmoides Oliver Staminate Flower Tea Mitigates Cellular Oxidative Stress via Activating AKT/NRF2 Signaling

Eucommia ulmoides Oliver staminate flower (ESF) tea enjoys a good reputation in folk medicine and displays multiple bioactivities, such as antioxidant and antifatigue properties. However, the underlying biological mechanisms remain largely unknown. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether ESF tea can mitigate cellular oxidative stress. Crude ethyl alcohol extract and its three subfractions prepared by sequential extraction with chloroform, n-butyl alcohol and residual water were prepared from ESF tea. The results of antioxidant activity tests in vitro manifested n-butyl alcohol fraction (n-BUF) showed the strongest antioxidant capacity (DPPH: IC₅₀ = 24.45 ± 0.74 μg/mL, ABTS: IC₅₀ = 17.25 ± 0.04 μg/mL). Moreover, all subfractions of ESF tea, especially the n-BUF, exhibited an obvious capacity to scavenge the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and stimulate the NRF2 antioxidative response in human keratinocytes HaCaT treated by H₂O₂. Using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography, we identified geniposidic acid (GPA) as the most abundant component in ESF tea extract. Furthermore, it was found that GPA relieved oxidative stress in H₂O₂-induced HaCaT cells by activating the Akt/Nrf2/OGG1 pathway. Our findings indicated that ESF tea may be a source of natural antioxidants to protect against skin cell oxidative damage and deserves further development and utilization.     

Quantitative Analysis and Stability Study on Iridoid Glycosides from Seed Meal of Eucommia ulmoides Oliver

As a traditional Chinese medicine, Eucommia ulmoides Oliver (E. ulmoides Oliv.) is an important medicinal plant, and its barks, male flowers, leaves, and fruits have high value of utilization. The seed meal of E. ulmoides Oliv. is the waste residue produced after oil extraction from seeds of E. ulmoides Oliv. Though the seed meal of E. ulmoides Oliv. is an ideal feed additive, its medicinal value is far from being developed and utilized. We identified six natural iridoid compounds from the seed meal of E. ulmoides Oliv., namely geniposidic acid (GPA), scyphiphin D (SD), ulmoidoside A (UA), ulmoidoside B (UB), ulmoidoside C (UC), and ulmoidoside D (UD). Six natural iridoid compounds were validated to have anti-inflammatory activities. Hence, six compounds were quantified at the optimum extracting conditions in the seed meal of E. ulmoides Oliv. by an established ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) method. Some interesting conversion phenomena of six tested compounds were uncovered by a systematic study of stability performed under different temperatures and pH levels. GPA was certified to be stable. SD, UA, and UC were only hydrolyzed under strong alkaline solution. UB and UD were affected by high temperature, alkaline, and strong acid conditions. Our findings reveal the active compounds and explore the quantitative analysis of the tested compounds, contributing to rational utilization for the seeds residues of E. ulmoides Oliv.     

接枝杜仲胶改性沥青路用性能

为了进一步完善SBS改性沥青性能,降低合成高分子改性剂受原油价格和产量的影响程度,在天然高分子材料杜仲胶上接枝能与沥青氮基反应的官能团马来酸酐,形成一种新的天然沥青改性剂接枝杜仲胶.分析了接枝杜仲胶的生成方法与改性沥青的机理,根据杜仲胶接枝产物的红外光谱,确定了接枝产物的物理表征.将接枝杜仲胶与SBS复合后改性沥青,进行了沥青和沥青混合料的高低温和老化性能试验.试验结果表明:当小于2%掺量的接枝杜仲胶加入SBS改性沥青后能提高其高温和抗老化性能,不降低低温性能,而且1.5%掺量接枝杜仲胶对SBS改性沥青性能提高最为明显;接枝杜仲胶取代一部分SBS后,沥青混合料除了低温性能相当外,强度、高温和水稳性能均得到不同程度的提高.接枝杜仲胶取代一部分SBS后不降低而是增强了改性沥青的使用品质,也减少了合成高分子材料的用量.     

Binary Modification of Eucommia ulmoides Gum Toward Elastomer with Tunable Mechanical Properties and Good Compatibility

Eucommia ulmoides gum (EUG) was applied in blend rubber with a heavily limited amount because of its duality of rubber and plastic, and an efficient way of triazolinedione (TAD)‐based Alder‐ene reaction was used to improve the elastic properties of EUG. Binary modification of EUG with two TADs containing hexyl and polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) groups were conducted to generate the modified EUG elastomers with tunable mechanical properties and good compatibility by varying TAD contents. When the low hexyl (1%) and POSS (0.2%) TADs incorporated, the modified EUGs displayed high tensile strength of 36.57 MPa with the elongation at break of 876%, and thus high toughness of 152.14 MJ m^?3. If high contents of hexyl (20%) and POSS (0.2%) TADs employed, the modified EUGs exhibited excellent elongation at break of 1165% and recovery rate of 60%, and especially its loss factor reached up to 0.83?0.65 at 20?70°C. Therefore, the modified EUGs containing the polar urazole and POSS groups should be a novel elastomer with good compatibility, wear resistance, and damping properties. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2019     

杜仲叶发育过程中结构及杜仲胶含量变化研究

应用石蜡切片法和实验室综合提胶法,研究了杜仲叶的结构发育,探讨了杜仲叶结构发育与杜仲胶积累的变化规律,旨在确定杜仲叶的最适采收季节,为生产实践提供参考。结果表明,杜仲叶内杜仲胶随着季节的变化基本呈跳跃式变化;叶片发育早期,随着栅栏薄壁组织、海绵组织等叶肉细胞的分化发育,叶片中的含胶细胞也在不断地形成、积累。七月份叶片组织结构发育成熟时,含胶细胞仍继续增加和生长,叶片含胶率总体上呈增加的趋势。由于杜仲树叶内杜仲胶为一年逐步积累的结果,11月份将近黄落的叶子含胶量较高,为1.19%。综合分析叶片生物量和杜仲胶的含量,11月份杜仲叶子黄落时收集较合适。     

新疆引种栽培杜仲和正品杜仲中微量元素含量比较研究

本文利用电感耦合等离子发射光谱仪分析了阿克苏栽培杜仲和正品杜仲中主要的微量元素,并比较了栽培杜仲和正品杜种中微量元素含量方面的差异。     

UHPLC‐ESI‐MS/MS determination and pharmacokinetics of pinoresinol glucoside and chlorogenic acid in rat plasma after oral administration of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv extract

This study aimed to develop a specific UHPLC‐ESI‐MS/MS method for simultaneous determination and pharmacokinetics of pinoresinol glucoside and chlorogenic acid in rat plasma after oral administration of Eucommia ulmoides . The chromatographic separation was achieved on a Hypersil GOLD column with gradient elution by using a mixture of 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution and acetonitrile as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 200 μL/min. A tandem mass spectrometric detection was conducted using multiple‐reaction monitoring via an electrospray ionization source in negative ionization mode. Samples were pre‐treated by a single‐step protein precipitation with acetonitrile, and bergenin was used as internal standard. After oral administration of 3 mL/kg E. ulmoides extract in rats, the maximum plasma concentrations of pinoresinol glucoside and chlorogenic acid were 57.44 and 61.04 ng/mL, respectively. The times to reach the maximum plasma concentration were 40.00 and 23.33 min for pinoresinol glucoside and chlorogenic acid, respectively. The intra‐ and inter‐day precision (RSD) values for the two analytes were <2.46 and 5.15%, respectively, and the accuracy (RE) values ranged from −12.76 to 0.00. This is the first study on pharmacokinetics of bioactive compounds in rat plasma after oral administration of E. ulmoides extract.     

Role of epoxidized natural Eucommia ulmoides gum in modifying the interface of styrene‐butadiene rubber/silica composites

Eucommia ulmoides gum (EUG) is a renewable and sustainable polymer, which could be used as rubber or plastic by altering its crosslinking density while the complicated extracting process and nonpolar molecular chains limited its application. In this effort, a novel extraction method was introduced, which could simplify the extraction process of EUG. Then, the extracted EUG‐chloroform (CHCl₃) solution was directly used to prepare epoxidized EUG (EEUG) with an epoxy degree of 40.0% to improve its polarity. The epoxidized natural EUG exhibiting both polar and nonpolar motives had an advantage in working as an interfacial compatibilizer for polymer composites, especially bio‐based composites due to its inherent biocompatibility. Accordingly, the role of EEUG in modifying the interface of styrene‐butadiene rubber (SBR)/silica composites were explored. The results showed that EEUG in SBR/silica composites acted not only as a compatibilizer but also as a constructure generating better mechanical properties than other compatibilizers, such as silane couplings, Si‐69 and KH‐550, and epoxidized natural rubber (ENR). The simplified extracting process and the epoxy modification of EUG would extend its application in rubber materials, medical materials, and biopolymer materials.     

杜仲细胞的悬浮培养

杜仲外植体在ＭＳ＋２，４－Ｄ２．０ｍｇ／Ｌ的培养基上可诱导出生长速度快、离散性好、适合于悬浮培养的愈伤组织；愈伤组织在ＭＳ＋２，４－Ｄ２．０ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＣＨ３００ｍｇ／Ｌ的液体培养基上进行振荡培养，经３～４次继代，即可建立起悬浮细胞系；悬浮细胞的形状为长形、椭圆形、圆形和“月牙”形。