水平管气液环状流在新型分配器中的分配研究

设计了一种新型三通型两相分配器，该分配器主管侧壁均匀分布着直径均为3．5mm的8个小孔，主管中的气液混合物通过安装在主管外壁上的环室进入侧支管．通过在空气一水实验台上对水平管气液环状两相流通过该分配器进行的实验研究发现：与传统三通分配器的分配特性不同，该分配器的液相会优先进入侧支管．建立了相分配模型，认为对于环状流，通过管壁小孔的液膜将被小孔捕获，从而进入侧支管．该模型还提出了分配影响区修正系数，实验发现该系数与入口干度成线性关系．预测的气液相分流系数、主管出口与直通管间压力损失与实验结果吻合得很好，最大误差为7．24％．     

新型萃取技术的应用进展

对超临界革取，微波革取，固相微革取，双水相革取，液膜革取等几种新型革取技术作了简要介绍．将几种技术的特点、应用领域及现状进行了综述，以便有利于选择利用．引用文献55篇．     

离心式固液两相流泵叶片边界层动量积分

离心式固液两相流泵叶片的边界层的理论分析，可以为分析流体在叶片表面沿程阻力提供基础，进一步也可以为确定叶片型线提供理论依据。建立了离心式固液两相流泵叶片边界层方程，为求解含有固体扰动项的粘性流体的边界层方程，引入了固相扰动因子和边界层厚度系数，它是进一步分析固液两相流泵叶片边界层及叶片解析设计的基础，同时也降低了由于边界条件的构造和构造含有扰动项的动量积分方程及其求解的难度。     

水溶性铑-膦络合物催化1-丁烯氢甲酰化反应研究

研究了在以水溶性铑膦络合物RhCl(CO)(TPPTS)2为催化剂的两相体系中，反应温度、压力、膦铑比、催化剂浓度、CO／H2分压比、底物浓度等对1-丁烯氢甲酰化反应的活性和区域选择性的影响．结果表明，RhCl(CO)(TPPTS)2对水／有机两相催化体系1-丁烯氢甲酰化反应表现出良好的活性和区域选择性，在100℃，2．5MPa，[TPPTS]／[Rh]=25时，生成戊醛的TOF高达2500h^-1，生成正戊醛的选择性达到87．5％．     

考虑位置随机性的固体颗粒起动临界流速研究

水平井钻井、砾石充填及冲砂等作业都涉及到固液两相流动的固体颗粒起动问题。液流作用下颗粒的起动与其在床面上的沉没位置有关,沉没位置的随机性导致颗粒起动的随机性。引入颗粒无因次沉没度随机变量,将其概率密度视为均匀分布,考虑颗粒重力、水流推力、上举力、水柱静压力和粒间粘结力以及各力臂与沉没度的关系,通过力矩平衡分析,建立了考虑颗粒起动随机性的临界流速公式。结合无因次沉没度的概率分布函数,在临界流速与颗粒起动标准之间建立了定量关系,为一定颗粒起动标准下的临界流速计算提供了实用公式。用得出的公式进行了实例计算,并将计算结果与已有试验结果进行了对比,在0.001～10mm粒径范围内两者吻合较好。     

含缓冲液的双水相体系相平衡的神经网络模型

针对含有[C4mim]Br和K3C6H5O7/H3C6H5O7的双水相体系在不同pH值的相平衡数据,建立神经网络模型对其进行了关联和预测,提出了隐含层节点数和误差控制值的二维寻优法,获得了较为满意的计算精度.与热力学方程对比显示,所建模型的精度与Wilson方程基本相当,优于NRTL方程.     

An Experimental Study on Heat Transfer Coefficients of a CO2-Filled Thermosyphon

Abstract

Because carbon dioxide is ozone friendly and has negligible global warming potential, it has received renewed interest in recent years as an important alternative refrigerant. In this article, the heat transfer characteristics of a carbon dioxide-filled two-phase closed thermosyphon were investigated experimentally, and the empirical heat transfer correlations are reported. The heat transfer data were analyzed, and heat transfer coefficients were compared with conventional heat transfer correlations. The results represent that heat transfer correlation of the heated section can be expressed with Kutatelatze's correlation, and heat transfer coefficients of the condenser section are found to be in reasonable agreement with the Nusselt equation.     

Partitioning in Aqueous Two-Phase Systems: Fundamentals,Applications and Trends

Over the last years, aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) regained an increasing interest due to their potential in the downstream processing of biomolecules. After many years with only a few articles published, a lot of effort and work has been put into studying these systems for the partitioning of a range of compounds including proteins, organic low-molecular weight molecules or metal ions. Although several research and review articles appeared, a background review on ATPS partitioning fundamentals is needed. In this article, partitioning theories and main effects of several important factors for partitioning, such as molecular weight of the polymer, effect of added salts, pH, electrical charges, and temperature on phase diagrams, tie-line lengths, interfacial tension and settling time of the two aqueous phases are extensively reviewed. The trend in ATPS research is given compiling the recent 2008–2013 research articles published in the field.     

Nuclear Versus Side-Chain Bromination of 4-Methoxy Toluene by an Electrochemical Method

The electrochemical bromination of 4-methoxy toluene by two-phase electrolysis yields 3-bromo 4-methoxy toluene at first, which subsequently undergoes side-chain bromination to give 3-bromo 4-methoxy benzyl bromide as a final product in 86% yield. The two-phase electrolysis consists of 25–50% NaBr as aqueous electrolyte and CHCl₃ containing aromatic compound as organic phase. The reaction temperature is maintained at 10–25 °C. The probable orientation of bromine atom in an alkyl aromatic compound (nuclear versus side chain) is explained from the experimental result.