未来移动通信系统的网络移动性

分析了在未来移动通信系统中实现网络移动性的一些基本的需求，介绍了实现网络移动性的多种方案，包括由IETFNEMO工作组提出的基本方法，随后又介绍了一种可以实现路由优化的方法，最后总结了欧洲OverDRiVE计划对网络移动性的一些研究活动。     

环境风洞的模拟技术研究

在环境风洞中模拟大气边界层是大气污染对流扩散试验研究的前提．根据环境风洞污染扩散试验的特点，通过试验调整大气边界层模拟装置，实现了在环境风洞中模拟部分大气边界层，并通过湍流结构确定了模拟比尺，当大气边界层得到正确模拟时，在环境风洞中模拟污染扩散和在大气边界层中的实际情形相似。     

沙坡头铁路防护体系防护效益系统仿真研究

在风洞实验、野外观测的基础上，采用系统仿真方法，对沙坡头铁路风沙防护体系防护效益、结构配置、防护宽度进行了研究．风洞实验测定了流沙输沙率、栅栏阻沙率、草方格阻沙率、植被阻沙率，与风洞实验模型相似的野外观测，确定了风洞实验数据与野外观测数据转换系数．以风洞实验、野外观测数据为基础，对防护体系三种不同配置结构的防护宽度，进行了系统仿真研究，阻沙栅栏 草方格 植被的防护体系结构防护宽度90-95m，阻沙栅栏 草方格的防护体系结构防护宽度100-105m，2道阻沙栅栏 草方格 植被的防护体系结构防护宽度50-55m，可以达到流沙输沙与防护系统阻沙量理论平衡，研究所得结论对风沙区交通线路防护体系设计具有借鉴意义，所采用的方法，对风沙工程研究有普遍适用意义。     

SEM analysis of the changes of carbon layer structure of mesocarbon microbeads heat-treated at different temperatures

Mesocarbon microbeads (MCMB) with narrow size distribution, excellent sphericity and no obvious conglutination have been prepared with a coal tar pitch containing quinoline insolubles (QI) as the raw material. Optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) are used to examine the structure of the MCMB. It has been found that SEM technique shows the structural information of MCMB clearly in the form of micrographs even when the structure of MCMB is complex, while the optical technique is useful for analysis of the regular structure of the mesophase spheres but cannot be effectively used to analyze either the complex structure of the green MCMB or the structures of the further heat-treated ones at different temperatures. According to the characteristics of the carbon layers, the structures of the as-prepared MCMB in the present experiment could be classified as (I) Parallel Layer type structure and (2) Bent Layer type structure with the carbon layers gathering at one or two points in the MCMB. In the experiments, SEM is also utilized to investigate the structures of MCMB that are heat-treated at different temperatures. It has been found that the MCMB without any further heat-treatment show no layered-carbons, while the ones heat-treated at temperaturehigher than 1000℃ exhibit obvious layered carbons across their sections. When increasing the heat-treatment temperature, the carbon layers become thinner and flatter.     

公路隧道竖井纵向式通风探讨

介绍了公路隧道竖井通风方式的分类和特点，探讨了竖井纵向式通风形式的机理，指出对于双向交通隧道宜采用合流型集中排风式；对于单向交通隧道应采用分流型集中排风式或送排式，对于特长隧道，可以采用数个竖井的送排式通风。     

融合倾斜仪数据的盾构姿态严密解算模型

推导了倾斜仪与盾构的严密标定模型;将倾斜仪采集的双轴角度数据视为平面点云,推导了倾斜仪角度数据的稳健估计方法;在前述模型方法的基础上,利用最小二乘配置方法建立了倾斜仪与棱镜数据融合的严密联合解算模型.最后,通过试验对上述模型方法进行了分析验证.结果证明,提出的盾构姿态解算模型正确可行.     

中碳铬钨渗氮轴承钢旋转弯曲疲劳性能研究

针对轴承钢失效形式主要为疲劳破坏的问题,对中碳铬钨渗氮轴承钢进行旋转弯曲疲劳（RBF）试验及分析。分析轴承钢经调质处理（880 ℃+540 ℃）后的组织,再经RBF试验后疲劳断口和渗氮处理的作用,还分析了非金属夹杂物对轴承钢RBF的影响,构建了非金属夹杂物深度和尺寸对中碳铬钨渗氮轴承钢RBF极限强度影响的模型。实验结果表明：试验钢调质处理后,组织为回火索氏体,主要析出M₆C型和M₂₃C₆型碳化物,力学性能优良,RBF极限强度达到729 MPa;疲劳源分为表面缺陷和内部非金属夹杂物,表面缺陷主要包括非金属夹杂物脱落形成的凹坑以及机加工留下的刀痕,非金属夹杂物主要为镁铝酸盐;轴承钢在NH₃渗氮气氛中560 ℃恒温保持25 h,渗氮层厚度达360 μm以上,渗氮工艺合适。研究结果对中碳铬钨渗氮轴承钢的发展及其疲劳性能的提高有一定的参考价值。     

堪为物理学第三分支的计算物理

本文是作者1982年在中国访问时所作的讲演,论述物理学各领域的前沿工作,用许多事例说明计算物理对推动物理理论的重大意义。文中还指出计算物理在其性质、方法及需要等方面不同于和独立于解析的理论物理和实验物理,而成为物理学的第三分支。     

Effect of an electric field on defects in a nematic liquid crystal with variable surface anchoring

We report experimental studies on defects in a nematic liquid crystal with negative dielectric anisotropy mounted in a cell with perfluoropolymer-coated surfaces. The sample exhibits a discontinuous anchoring transition from planar to homeotropic on cooling at zero or a small electric field, and above a cross-over voltage a continuous ‘inverse Freedericksz transition’, at which the director starts tilting in opposite directions at the two surfaces. Defects of strength ±1/2 are either annihilated or expelled when the director tilts. On the other hand, disclination lines of ±1 which end in partial point defects (boojums) at the surfaces in the planar alignment regime acquire point defects of strength ±1 at the midplane of the cell when the director tilts. At a low enough temperature, the homeotropic anchoring becomes strong, and an electric field above the Freedericksz threshold generates the usual umbilic defects, which follow the dynamic scaling laws found in earlier studies.     

Spectral analysis of the flow sound interaction at a bias flow liner

The interaction between the flow field and the sound field is responsible for the sound absorption at perforated acoustic liners with bias flow and has to be investigated contactlessly. Based on the optically measured flow velocity spectrum, an energy analysis was performed. As a result, the generation of broadband flow velocity fluctuations in the shear layer surrounding the bias flow caused by the flow sound interaction has been observed. In addition, the magnitude of this acoustically induced flow velocity oscillation exhibits a correlation with the acoustic dissipation coefficient of the bias flow liner. This supports the assumption that an energy transfer between the flow field and the sound field is responsible for the acoustic damping.