无刷直流电机换相转矩脉动抑制的研究

分析了无刷直流电机产生转矩脉动的原因,设计了自抗扰控制器来抑制无刷直流电机的转矩脉动的发生.以控制器本身的状态观测器检测系统的相电流脉动,通过控制器本身的非线性状态反馈控制器对检测电流脉动误差值进行补偿,从而抑制电流的波动.采用双闭环控制抑制转矩脉动的发生.仿真结果表明,设计自抗扰控制器抑制了系统干扰引起的超调量.反馈能够完全地被快递跟踪.设计的控制系统使无刷直流电机的转矩脉动值为9%左右.因此,自抗扰控制系统能够更好地抑制无刷直流电机转矩脉动的产生.     

HEV自动膜片弹簧离合器转矩跟踪PID控制

在同轴并联混合动力系统和自动膜片弹簧离合器数学建模的基础上,提出一种包含Kalman滤波器、串级变参数PID控制器的自动膜片弹簧离合器转矩跟踪控制策略,设计了变参数转矩环比例控制器,对行程环PID控制参数进行了优化整定,对HEV模式切换过程中,离合器传递转矩的跟踪控制进行了仿真和试验研究.结果表明,所提出的离合器转矩跟踪控制策略具有良好的效果.      

轮毂电机驱动电动汽车横摆稳定性控制

为了提高轮毂电机驱动电动汽车行驶稳定性,设计了基于直接横摆力矩控制的车辆稳定性控制系统;针对滑模控制存在固有抖振的问题,建立基于模糊滑模控制理论的稳定性控制器;针对车辆质心侧偏角难以测量,建立了结构简单、计算快速的非线性滑模观测器;考虑到转矩分配的实际约束条件和分配器的响应速度,建立了等比例转矩分配器,分配各车轮上的驱动/制动扭矩。最后基于MATLAB/Simulink与Carsim联合仿真平台进行了仿真分析,结果表明该控制器能很好改善车辆的操纵稳定性,并且控制输出更加平顺。     

Switching plasticity in compensated ferrimagnetic multilayers for neuromorphic computing

Current-induced multilevel magnetization switching in ferrimagnetic spintronic devices is highly pursued for the application in neuromorphic computing. In this work, we demonstrate the switching plasticity in Co/Gd ferrimagnetic multilayers where the binary states magnetization switching induced by spin-orbit toque can be tuned into a multistate one as decreasing the domain nucleation barrier. Therefore, the switching plasticity can be tuned by the perpendicular magnetic anisotropy of the multilayers and the in-plane magnetic field. Moreover, we used the switching plasticity of Co/Gd multilayers for demonstrating spike timing-dependent plasticity and sigmoid-like activation behavior. This work gives useful guidance to design multilevel spintronic devices which could be applied in high-performance neuromorphic computing.     

液黏传动双圆弧油槽摩擦副油膜剪切转矩研究

双圆弧油槽摩擦副广泛应用于液黏传动,为了研究油槽结构参数对油膜剪切转矩的影响,对摩擦副间流体的流动特性进行数值模拟,得到了油膜剪切转矩.建立了集流场参数化建模(CAD)、数值模拟(CFX)、试验设计方法(DOE)及响应曲面法(RSM)为一体的油槽参数影响分析平台,分析了油槽深度、油槽宽度和油槽数目对油膜剪切转矩的影响并建立了近似响应曲面模型.搭建转矩性能试验台进行试验验证,结果表明:油膜剪切转矩随着油槽深度、宽度和数目的增大均减小,而油槽宽度对转矩的影响最大,油槽深度影响次之,油槽数目影响最小.通过理论和试验研究,应用CFX数值模拟和建立摩擦副油槽参数影响分析平台实现了CAD、CFX、DOE及RSM等技术的高度融合,可以准确地分析摩擦副油槽参数对油膜剪切转矩的影响.     

电动助力转向系统的控制策略

介绍了电动助力转向控制策略，给出了控制策略框图．通过助力控制、转角回正控制、侧向加速度回正控制、阻尼控制和补偿控制5大模块对助力转矩控制策略进行了分析．简述了安全功能控制策略．     

一种多功能的角动量定理演示仪

介绍了一种用于课堂的多功能角动量定理演示仪,结构简单,操作方便,能演示出多种角动量定理相关实验,揭示刚体定点转动中深刻的物理规律,并采用在"自然坐标系"下的角动量定理对实验现象加以理论分析.     

Development and study of novel non-contact ultrasonic motor based on principle of structural asymmetry

The article presents novel design of non-contact rotary ultrasonic motor consisting of ring-shaped stator vibrating in in-plane flexural mode and rotor provided with blades. In contrast to other motors with similar design proposed motor relies on the use of standing ultrasonic waves. This simplifies design and electronic control of motor and becomes possible due to introduction of artificial asymmetry, for example by tilting one or several blades of the rotor relative to the surface normal. Operating principle of the proposed motor is based on acoustic radiation torque exerted on rotor by ultrasonic waves propagating in air or fluid gap between rotor and stator. This torque is calculated using finite element method by means of COMSOL Multiphysics software. Dynamics of rotor is studied using MathCad software and general theory of nonlinear conservative oscillators. Role of asymmetry is explained on the basis of comparative analysis of potential functions and phase trajectories for symmetric and asymmetric cases. It is shown that direction of rotation is determined by structural parameters of motor, particularly tilting direction (clockwise or counter-clockwise) of the blades. Conceptual design of motor with bidirectional rotation is described. Direction and velocity of rotation in the proposed conceptual design can be potentially controlled by changing excitation frequency of stator.     

Aerodynamic coefficients of a spinning sphere in a rarefied-gas flow

A three-dimensional rarefied-gas flow past a spinning sphere in the transitional and near-continuum flow regimes is studied numerically. The rarefaction and compressibility effects on the lateral (Magnus) force and the aerodynamic torque exerted on the sphere are investigated for the first time. The coefficients of the drag force, the Magnus force, and the aerodynamic torque are found for Mach numbers ranging from 0.1 to 2 and Knudsen numbers ranging from 0.05 to 20. In the transitional regime, at a certain Knudsen number depending on the Mach number the Magnus force direction changes. This change is attributable to the increase in the role of normal stresses and the decrease in the contribution of the shear stresses to the Magnus force with decrease in the Knudsen number. A semi-empirical formula for the calculation of the Magnus force coefficient in the transitional flow regime is proposed.     

采煤机滚筒截齿排列的试验研究

根据采煤机破煤理论,研制煤岩截割试验台;根据不同的滚筒叶片截齿排列、螺旋叶片头数,研制4种不同的试验滚筒.以此为基础,在试验台上对4种不同截齿排列的滚筒进行截割性能试验,分析不同滚筒截割扭矩的最大值、最小值、均值、方差等参数;同时,对截落煤岩的块度进行分级处理,研究不同截齿排列滚筒截割块煤率.研究结果表明:对同一直径、不同叶片头数、不同截齿排列的滚筒,在截割时,随着螺旋叶片头数的增多,其载荷波动性减小;在2头螺旋叶片滚筒中,棋盘式滚筒的扭矩均值、方差等统计参数值均比顺序式的小,而棋盘式的块煤率比顺序式的大;具有3头螺旋叶片的畸变Ⅰ式和畸变Ⅱ式滚筒,在截割扭矩的统计参数值中除畸变Ⅰ式的方差小于畸变Ⅱ式的方差外,其余参数基本相等;并且,在4种滚筒中,畸变Ⅰ式截割时滚筒载荷的波动性最小,块煤率最大.