The definition of basic TEDS of IEEE 1451.4 for sensors for an electronic tongue and the proposal of new template TEDS for electrochemical devices

It is important to define a standard method to store basic sensor information, such as the type and the structure of sensors for an electronic tongue system and there is no such method defined in the IEEE 1451.4 transducer electronic data sheet (TEDS) so far. The major challenge is to choose a suitable standard template that can be used with sensors for electronic tongues. However, the standard templates provide an imprecise specification when used with sensing devices for electronic tongues. In this paper, we present definitions of the basic TEDS of IEEE 1451.4 for sensors for an electronic tongue system and propose a new template TEDS for IEEE 1451.4 for potentiometric devices.     

佤族舌运动类型的遗传学研究

2005年10月在云南省耿马县四排山乡调查了佤族252例中学生(男135例,女117例)的舌运动类型(卷舌、叠舌、翻舌、尖舌、三叶舌).研究结果表明:1)5种舌运动类型的出现率男女性别间均无显著差异;2)佤族5项舌运动类型中卷舌基因与尖舌基因、三叶舌基因间存在互作关系;3)翻舌基因与叠舌基因间存在互作关系,翻舌基因与三叶舌基因间也存在互作关系;4)佤族与内蒙古的汉族、蒙古族和朝鲜族以及与贵州布依族等群体比较,除与布依族的三叶舌出现率存在显著差异外,其他4种舌运动类型与布依族的出现率接近,佤族与其他三个民族舌运动类型出现率除三叶舌外均存在极显著差异.     

高职高专英语写作教学探析

英语写作是英语学习者需要掌握的一门重要技能,也是学生掌握语言技能的一个薄弱环节。本文针对高职高专学生写作能力差的问题,结合教学实践,分析了大学英语写作的现状和学生英语写作中存在的问题,进一步提出了改善教学现状和提高写作能力的对策。     

母语对大学生英语写作的负迁移及教学对策

外语学习过程中母语迁移是难以避免的。然而母语的负迁移对英语学习,尤其是英语写作的影响非常明显,严重阻碍了学生写作能力的发展。从母语负迁移入手,通过分析写作中词汇、句法、语篇三个语言层面的汉语母语负迁移现象,以探求提高大学生英语写作水平的有效途径。     

火驱气体示踪剂性能评价及应用

考虑到火驱工程特点,选择化学性质稳定的气体作为示踪剂用于监测气体流向,进行稳定性和吸附性实验评价。以辽河油田火驱矿场试验区为例,依据物质平衡基本思想,建立了判定火烧油层燃烧前缘位置的新方法。分析了火驱前缘发展方向的影响因素。与传统方法对比,示踪剂辅助判定火烧油层燃烧前缘新方法能较准确地指示井组间的气体流向和不同方向的流量,从而避免了简单劈分产气量的误差,计算方法简便可行,结果更为准确可观。     

乌天麻外观性状与特征性成分含量相关性研究

为探究乌天麻(Gastrodia elata f.glauca)外观性状与特征性成分含量之间的关系,本研究通过采集贵州、陕西两地天麻主产区的乌天麻鲜品,测定其长度、宽度、厚度、质量等指标,利用电子感官仪测定样品色、气、味等性状特征值,采用高效液相色谱法测定样品中主要有效成分的含量,以进一步探究两者的相关性。结果表明,乌天麻形、色、气、味等性状特征值与其主要成分含量之间均存在一定的相关性。其中,厚度与天麻素、对羟基苯甲醇、巴利森苷类含量的关联性最强,呈正相关;颜色值a~*与天麻素含量呈极显著负相关,L~*、E~*_ab与对羟基苯甲醇含量呈显著负相关;对羟基苯甲醇含量与电子舌CTS (咸)、ANS (甜)响应值呈极显著正相关,与电子鼻LY型响应值呈显著或极显著负相关,与T型和P型响应值呈显著或极显著正相关。研究结果可为乌天麻质量评价提供参考。     

Clinical analysis of human urine by means of potentiometric Electronic tongue

The Electronic tongue (ET) composed of different kind of potentiometric chemical sensors has been applied for the detection of urinary system dysfunctions and creatinine levels. The creatinine contents evaluated by ET were compared with those obtained by automated Jaffe’s method and GC-MS, obtaining a satisfying agreement for both methods. Partial least square regression discriminate analysis (PLS-DA) and feed forward back-propagation neural network (FFBP NN) classified 51 urine specimens from healthy volunteers in four classes, according to the creatinine content, showing that both techniques can satisfactorily differentiate urines according to this parameter. The best accuracy result of 92.2% correct classification of unknown samples was achieved with FFBP NN. Moreover, the possibility of ET system to distinguish between urine samples of healthy patients, and those with malignant and non-malignant tumor diagnosis of bladder has been shown.     

论歌唱中的咬字和吐字

本文分别论述了咬字和吐字在歌唱中的重要作用以及对声音质量的影响,详细阐述了在歌唱中各种子音和母音所采用不同的咬字和吐字方法,并把准确的咬字方法和清晰的吐字方法运用到我国民族声乐训练中。     

老年虚秘不同舌象的血液流变学比较

为了探讨老年虚秘病理舌象的形成与血液流变学的关系,我们对虚秘中的阳虚湿盛证与阴液不足证的患者进行了舌诊检查与血液流变学检测,结果表明两组病理舌象与血液流变学均有明显差异,并呈正相关.提示了血液流变学可作为研究舌诊的客观指征之一.     

Mimicking Daphnia magna bioassay performance by an electronic tongue for urban water quality control

Toxicity is one of the key parameters of water quality in environmental monitoring. However, being evaluated as a response of living beings (as their mobility, fertility, death rate, etc.) to water quality, toxicity can only be assessed with the help of these living beings. This imposes certain restrictions on toxicity bioassay as an analytical method: biotest organisms must be properly bred, fed and kept under strictly regulated conditions and duration of tests can be quite long (up to several days), thus making the whole procedure the prerogative of the limited number of highly specialized laboratories. This report describes an original application of potentiometric multisensor system (electronic tongue) when the set of electrochemical sensors was calibrated against Daphnia magna death rate in order to perform toxicity assessment of urban waters without immediate involvement of living creatures. PRM (partial robust M) and PLS (projections on latent structures) regression models based on the data from this multisensor system allowed for prediction of toxicity of unknown water samples in terms of biotests but in the fast and simple instrumental way. Typical errors of water toxicity predictions were below 20% in terms of Daphnia death rate which can be considered as a good result taking into account the complexity of the task.