基于Demons算法改进的图像去噪模型研究

在Demons算法的基础上, 将扩散过程看作图像配准, 建立一种新的基于图像配准的Demons 去噪模型. 实验表明, 该模型去噪效果优于经典的Perona-Malik模型, 排除了模型的病态性. 考虑到新模型在图像去噪过程中仅靠梯度信息表示图像的局部特征还不完善, 故将水平集曲率作为控制图像结构的驱动力因素引入到此模型中, 提出了一种新的梯度和曲率双重驱动力的图像去噪模型. 分析和仿真结果表明, 两种新模型都可有效抑制噪声, 清晰度也有明显的提高, 其中双重驱动力的图像去噪模型去噪效果更具优越性.     

基于吡咯并吡咯二酮核心的苝二酰亚胺类受体分子的合成及光伏性能

苝二酰亚胺类小分子由于其固有的强分子聚集特性,导致活性层形貌难于调控,器件效率相对于近年来报道的受体-给体-受体型稠环小分子受体一直处于劣势.针对这一关键问题,我们设计并合成了三个以吡咯并吡咯二酮为中心核的双臂型和四臂型苝二酰亚胺类小分子受体.其中,c-PDI2和nc-PDI2两个双臂型分子分别将两个苝二酰亚胺臂置于吡咯并吡咯二酮核心骨架的碳取代位和氮取代位;四臂型PDI4是将四个苝二酰亚胺臂置于吡咯并吡咯二酮核心骨架的四个取代位.通过对三个受体小分子的光谱吸收、能级水平、薄膜形貌以及光伏性能的详细研究,发现三个受体小分子都拥有扭曲的分子结构并由此带来无定形薄膜形貌,表明其分子聚集趋势得到了有效的抑制.相对于双臂型受体分子,四臂型PDI4具有更强的光吸收能力和电子传输性能,从而获得了8.45%的最高光电转换效率,是c-PDI2器件效率的2倍和nc-PDI2器件效率的1.5倍.     

Three‐Dimensional Cuprous Lead Bromide Framework with Highly Efficient and Stable Blue Photoluminescence Emission

Considering the instability and low photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of blue‐emitting perovskites, it is still challenging and attractive to construct single crystalline hybrid lead halides with highly stable and efficient blue light emission. Herein, by rationally introducing d¹⁰ transition metal into single lead halide as new structural building unit and optical emitting center, we prepared a bimetallic halide of [(NH₄)₂]CuPbBr₅ with new type of three‐dimensional (3D) anionic framework. [(NH₄)₂]CuPbBr₅ exhibits strong band‐edge blue emission (441 nm) with a high PLQY of 32 % upon excitation with UV light. Detailed photophysical studies indicate [(NH₄)₂]CuPbBr₅ also displays broadband red light emissions derived from self‐trapped states. Furthermore, the 3D framework features high structural and optical stabilities at extreme environments during at least three years. To our best knowledge, this work represents the first 3D non‐perovskite bimetallic halide with highly efficient and stable blue light emission.     

饱和状态下水泥浆体的微观结构冰冻损伤模型

为了研究水转化为冰所带来的体积膨胀对水泥浆体的微观结构的危害,量化微观结构的内部损伤,建立了一个饱水状态下水泥浆体的冰冻破坏模型.首先使用模拟水泥浆体微观结构的数值模型(HYMOSTRUC)生成一个模拟结构,根据这个模拟结构中的孔结构,分析水分在孔隙中发生的相转变;将含有冰、水和水化产物的水泥浆体微观模拟结构转变为三维...     

用渐近变分法对复合材料层合板简化数值建模及仿真

为有效分析三维复合材料层合板非线性、单向耦合弹性问题,基于渐近变分方法构建单斜对称的复合材料层合板的简化模型。推导了基于旋转张量分解概念的复合材料层合板能量表达式;利用渐近变分法将三维层合板严格拆分为二维板分析和沿法线方向的一维非线性分析;进行了降维后近似能量推导及reissner形式转换;提供了三维场重构关系以得到沿厚度方向的准确应力分布。通过对一具有四层复合层合板的柱形弯曲算例表明:基于该理论和重构过程开发的渐近变分程序VAPAS重构生成的三维应力场精确性较古典层合理论更好,与三维有限元精确解相一致。     

联合摄影及斜点样方法的单株植物冠层结构参数测量(Ⅰ):冠层三维重建

联合摄影、三维立体体元模型及光线跟踪法开展了面向高精度总面积指数(plant area index,PAI)测量的冠层精细三维模型重建研究.研究发现,冠层背景及天气条件对冠层影像分类影响显著;相机外方位元素解算精度受控制点精度影响较大,但受控制点数目影响相对较小.合理的单位体元大小及分区大小组合对于冠层三维重建至关重要,任意单位体元大小及分区大小组合可引起冠层三维重建异常.与立体体元大小相比,分区大小对冠层三维重建影响更为显著.     

PrCl3与丙氨酸、咪唑三元配合物的合成与荧光性质

丙氨酸是生物体的有机组成部分,咪唑具有大的共轭体系,与稀土配位的咪唑基团能够有效的吸收光能并将能量传给稀土离子,使配合物具有较好的发光性能,在二次水中合成PrCl3.nH2O与丙氨酸及咪唑的三元配合物;经过化学分析、元素分析确定其化学式;通过红外光谱、紫外光谱及摩尔电导对配合物进行了表征;分析了配合物的荧光光谱.对配合物经过光谱分析,探讨了稀土离子与配体咪唑、氨基酸的相互作用,为进一步研究稀土元素及其配合物在生物、生理上的作用机制以及在分子荧光方面研究提供一定的理论基础.     

NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL INCOMPRESSIBLE FLOW BY A NEW FORMULATION

A new mathematical formulation, called the pseudovorticity–velocity formulation, of the three-dimensional incompressible Navier–Stokes equations is presented as an alternative to the vorticity–velocity approach. For the model lid-driven cavity flow problem in two and three dimensions, combined with an explicit mixed spectral /finite different numerical scheme the proposed formulation is found to be efficient and very accurate as compared with the results available in the literature. In particular, the simulation results demonstrate an attractive feature of the present formulation compared with the vorticity–velocity approach, namely that the divergence-free condition of the velocity field can always be achieved on a non-staggered mesh.     

Preparation and Electrochemical Performance of Three-Dimensional Vertically Aligned Graphene by Unidirectional Freezing Method

Three-dimensional vertically aligned graphene (3DVAG) was prepared by a unidirectional freezing method, and its electrochemical performances were evaluated as electrode materials for zinc−ion hybrid supercapacitors (ZHSCs). The prepared 3DVAG has a vertically ordered channel structure with a diameter of about 20−30 μm and a length stretching about hundreds of microns. Compared with the random structure of reduced graphene oxide (3DrGO), the vertical structure of 3DVAG in a three−electrode system showed higher specific capacitance, faster ion diffusion, and better rate performance. The specific capacitance of 3DVAG reached 66.6 F·g⁻¹ and the rate performance reached 92.2%. The constructed 3DVAG zinc−ion hybrid supercapacitor also showed excellent electrochemical performance. It showed good capacitance retention up to 94.6% after 3000 cycles at the current density of 2 A·g⁻¹.     

交叉立体桁架系巨型网格结构的简化计算法

针对系巨型网格结构杆件和节点多、计算工作量大的特点,进行了简化计算方面的研究,提出了将立体桁架等效为连续实体梁、按空间法进行有限元计算的等效空间刚架法.分析了立体桁架的等效截面、等效抗弯刚度,并详细推导了其等效抗扭刚度,分析了主体结构不同边界条件的等效处理方法.对比计算分析表明,该方法计算精度高,主要受力杆件的误差保持在5%以内,计算工作量较完全有限元法大幅度降低,是分析巨型网格结构的一种比较优越的方法.