异步电机直接转矩控制系统中定子磁链的观测方法

介绍了几种异步电机直接转矩控制系统中定子磁链的观测方法,并讨论了各自的实质及其优缺点,以及今后研究定子磁链的观测方法的实际意义。     

管道缺陷漏磁检测中巨磁阻传感器应用研究

磁性传感器在无损检测中已经有了很大的应用，与传统的磁性传感器相比，巨磁阻传感器有着灵敏度高、可靠性好、测量范围宽、体积小，价格低等优点．本介绍了漏磁检测及巨磁阻传感器的原理，设计了巨磁阻传感器阵列，以及基于PC104的数据采集装置，实验结果表明，系统可以检测到管道壁上的微小缺陷。     

Entropy budget of the earth, atmosphere and ocean system

The energy budget in the system of the earth, atmosphere and ocean conforms to the first law of thermodynamics, namely the law of conservation of energy, and it is balanced when the system is in a steady-state condition. However, the entropy budget following the second law of thermodynamics is unbalanced. In this paper, we deduce the expressions of entropy flux and re-estimate the earth, atmosphere and ocean annual mean entropy budget with the updated climatologically global mean energy budget and the climatologically air-sea flux data. The calculated results show that the earth system obtains a net influx of negative entropy (-1179.3 mWm-2K-1) from its surroundings, and the atmosphere and the ocean systems obtain a net input of negative entropy at about -537.4 mWm-2K-1 and -555.6 mWm-2K-1, respectively. Calculations of the entropy budget can provide some guidance for further understanding the spatial-temporal change of the local entropy flux, and the entropy production resulting from all kinds of irreversible processes inside these systems.     

Measurement of Magnetization Curve and Magnetic Relaxation for 2H-NbSe2 Crystals

The characteristics of electronic transport properties: behaviors of magnetization curve and magnetic relaxation of a typical normal superconductor 2H-NbSe2 are investigated. The results show that Tc and △Tc of the samples are 7. 2,0. 18 K, indicating that superconducting energy gap at zero temperature is 1. 1 meV. No fish tail shape is found in the magnetization curves at several temperatures. The relationship between remnant magnetic moment and time reveals that the magnetic flux creep of the sample agrees with the Kim-Anderson thermal activation model with the relaxation rate S=0.000 36 at T=6 K.     

卫星通信在应急通信中的应用及发展

 介绍了国外应急通信的应用模式、政策、手段以及国内应急通信体系的建立与发展,讨论了卫星通信系统在应急领域的应用,展望了卫星通信的新技术、新方向及其未来发展。     

液态金属高性能冷却技术:发展历程与研究前沿

 "热障"问题已经成为阻碍高端电子芯片和光电器件向更高性能发展的重要挑战,发展高性能芯片冷却和热管理技术迫在眉睫。作为一大类新兴的热管理材料,液态金属在对流冷却、热界面材料、相变热控等领域均带来了观念和技术上的巨大革新,打破了传统冷却技术的性能极限,给大量面临"热障"难题的器件和装备的冷却提供了全新解决方案,有望在国防、航空航天、能源系统及民用电子设备等领域的冷却与热管理系统中发挥重要作用。本文回顾了液态金属先进冷却技术的发展历程,主要包括液态金属对流冷却技术、液态金属热界面材料、液态金属（低熔点金属）相变储能与热控技术、基于液态金属的复合冷却技术等;梳理了液态金属冷却技术中的关键科学与技术问题和面临的挑战。     

高压天然气管道喷射火热辐射计算

天然气燃爆喷射火事故可能造成人员建筑严重损害,为研究大型天然气喷射火燃爆特性,使用CFD计算软件,对质量流量在5 kg/s以上,压力分别为12 MPa与6 MPa,泄漏孔径在25 mm、50 mm与100 mm时的高压天然气喷射火进行仿真,得到这六种工况下喷射火火焰尺寸、温度分布和近地热辐射强度分布曲线,并得到喷射火长度与宽度和泄漏孔直径的线性变化关系.与喷射火常用的Thornton模型对比,仿真结果计算的火焰长度基本符合,热辐射结果在泄漏中心30 m以外基本相近,两种方法都可用于估算远距离喷射火热辐射强度,为天然气设施安全设计提供参考.     

永磁同步电机直接转矩控制新型占空比调制策略

针对传统永磁同步电机直接转矩控制系统转矩脉动和磁链脉动较大,现有占空比调制策略计算复杂等问题,提出一种新型占空比调制策略.该调制策略利用定子磁链和扇区电压矢量的作用角区分转矩脉动和磁链脉动在控制系统中的权重系数,并设计新型开关表,保证在任一控制周期中最佳电压矢量的选择.在保证系统计算量较低的前提下,利用权重系数和最佳电压矢量推导最优占空比计算公式.仿真和实验结果证明,所提出的新型占空比调制策略可以大幅度抑制转矩脉动和磁链脉动,获得较好的稳态运行性能,并保持系统快速动态响应性能.     

Accurate integration over atomic regions bounded by zero‐flux surfaces

The approach for the integration over a region covered by zero‐flux surface is described. This approach based on the surface triangulation technique is efficiently realized in a newly developed program TWOE . The elaborated method is tested on several atomic properties including the source function. TWOE results are compared with those produced by using well‐known existing programs. Absolute errors in computed atomic properties are shown to range usually from 10^?6 to 10^?5 au. The demonstrative examples prove that present realization has perfect convergence of atomic properties with increasing size of angular grid and allows to obtain highly accurate data even in the most difficult cases. It is believed that the developed program can be bridgehead that allows to implement atomic partitioning of any desired molecular property with high accuracy. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Evolution of downsized crescent-shaped dune in wind tunnel experiment

The migration of a downsized crescent-shaped dune was investigated in a wind tunnel experiment.Quantified upwind influx and vertical oscillation of the sand bed were introduced to modulate the saturation level of the sand flux above the dune surface to affect dune evolution.The evolution was recorded by top-view photography and then abstracted as the evolution of self-defined characteristic quantities using a digital image processing algorithm.The results showed that,in contrast to the case for spanwise quantities,the evolution of streamwise quantities corresponds to a linear increase in the modulation magnitude more positively and in a monotonic and convergent manner.In contrast with quantities on the windward face,the changes in quantities with respect to the horns were nonmonotonic with time and almost uncorrelated with the variation in modulation strength,which reveals the distinctiveness of leeside evolution.