从经典归纳主义的兴衰历程看归纳法职能的演变

经过休谟"归纳问题"的诘难和波普尔反归纳主义的冲击,经典归纳主义从兴盛逐渐走向衰落,与这一过程相伴随的则是人们对归纳法职能的看法发生了显著的变化。经典归纳主义从兴盛逐渐走向衰落的历史启示我们,决不能夸大归纳法在科学发现和证实中的作用,特别是不能夸大归纳法在科学发现中的作用。     

Oscillation theorems for differential equations with a nonlinear damping term

In this paper, we are concerned with a class of nonlinear second-order differential equations with a nonlinear damping term. Passage to more general class of equations allows us to remove a restrictive condition usually imposed on the nonlinearity, and, as a consequence, our results apply to wider classes of nonlinear differential equations. Two illustrative examples are considered.     

辐射传递蒙特卡洛法精度分析及数值试验

本文建立了蒙特卡洛法模拟散射参与性介质内辐射传递计算模型。对蒙特卡洛法的计算精度及运行时间进行了较为详细的分析,提出了几种判断计算精度的方法。同时,借助蒙特卡洛法模拟辐射传递过程,进行数值“辐射实验”。利用该“实验结果”进行了物性反问题研究。在已知光学厚度的前提下,得到散射反照率与后半球辐射热流之间的单值函数关系。     

项目教学法在PLC课程中的运用

分析了项目教学法在PLC课程中运用的重要性,探讨了项目教学法在PLC课程中的运用。     

对面向对象分析法进行比较评估的一种新方法

提出一种新的比较框架，其中包含了一系列面向对象分析（OOA）方法共同的基本特性．以5种著名的面向对象分析方法为例，阐述了如何通过它们的特性细节，对面向对象分析方法进行分析、比较和评估．     

线性规划联合算法的理论与应用

本在[1]的基础上．较系统的叙述了线性规划联合算法的步骤、相关理论及其应用，指出该算法具有避免人工变量、减少迭代次数、使用灵活、应用方便等特点。     

Numerical Prediction of the Strain State of Thermoset Matrix/Mineral Filler Composite Plates

The numerical prediction of the fields of inelastic strains (the linear invariant of the tensor of inelastic strains) in thermoset polyester/marble filler composite plates is discussed. A uniformly distributed load is applied to the plates, which lie on a steel base. The strain fields are predicted by means of the boundary element method by using creep test data for the composites and the polyester matrix itself. Identical creep tests were performed for two ages of the materials (1 month and 13 years), which allowed evaluating the aging effect. The study is carried out in two stages. At the first stage, the application of the generalized Maxwell-Gurevich equation to the thermoset matrix/mineral filler composite is demonstrated. The model parameters determined from the experimental creep data is used for the second stage, where the state of inelastic strains in the plates is predicted by applying the boundary element method. The influence of composite formulation (filler content) and physical aging of the polyester matrix on the state of inelastic strains in the plates is shown.__________Russian translation published in Mekhanika Kompozitnykh Materialov, Vol. 41, No. 2, pp. 145–156, March–April, 2005.     

基于MMD算法的HMM参数重估计的矩阵表示

本文提出的MMD算法用于提高模型区别错误信息和正确信息的能力．利用该算法在对模型的参数进行重估计时．涉及到复杂的目标函数的梯度运算．击运用矩阵运算使得梯度运算变得简单明了，因此本文给出了MMD算法下的HMM参数重估计的矩阵表示形式并给出了证明．     

An Additive Problem with Primes in Arithmetic Progressions

In this paper, we extend a classical result of Hua to arithmetic progressions with large moduli. The result implies the Linnik Theorem on the least prime in an arithmetic progression.     

Direct numerical simulation of settling of a large solid particle during bioconvection

Settling of a large solid particle in bioconvection flow caused by gyrotactic microorganisms is investigated. The particle is released from the top of the bioconvection chamber; its settling pattern depends on whether it is released in the centre of the bioconvection plume or at its periphery. The Chimera method is utilized; a subgrid is generated around a moving particle. The method suggested by Liu and Wang (Comput. Fluid 2004; 33 :223–255) is further developed to account for the presence of a moving boundary in the streamfunction‐vorticity formulation using the finite‐difference method. A number of cases for different release positions of the particle are computed. It is demonstrated that bioconvection can either accelerate or decelerate settling of the particle depending on the initial position of the particle relative to the plume centre. It is also shown that the particle impacts bioconvection plume by changing its shape and location in the chamber. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.