催化裂解富气吸收液的离子色谱法测定

以催化裂解富气吸收液为测定对象,建立吸收液中目标离子（包括NO2^-,NO3^-,SO4^2-）的离子色潜分析方法。在选定色谱柱的前提下,通过优化淋洗液浓度等色谱条件,实现了在大量干扰离子S^2-及与SO4^2-相邻的未知离子存在的三乙醇胺溶液中目标离子的定量。方法的检出限分别为NO2^- 62μg／L,NO3^- 26μg／L,SO4^2- 90μg/L,RSD值为0．73％～1．19％,加标回收率在91％～109％。     

偶氮型光致变色液晶树状大分子的量子产率、异构转化率和活化能研究

研究了化合物端基含36个己氧基偶氮苯介晶基元的二代(G2)光致变色液晶树状大分子在氯仿及四氢呋喃溶液中的量子产率、吸收光强Ia、活化能E、异构转化率A/A0、热回复异构化速率常数kH及其反/顺异构体组分比A′/A′0,并与一代光致变色液晶碳硅烷树状大分子(G1)及介晶基元化合物(M3)的光化学行为进行了比较.在氯仿及四氢呋喃溶液中的量子产率的顺序均为M3>G1>G2,吸收光强Ia在氯仿及四氢呋喃溶液中的顺序分别为G2>G1>M3(氯仿)和M3>G1>G2(四氢呋喃),在氯仿及四氢呋喃溶液中活化能的顺序均为M3>G2>G1,在氯仿及四氢呋喃溶液中热回复异构化速率常数kH的顺序均为G1>G2>M3,在热回复异构化反应中的反/顺异构体组分比A′/A0′在氯仿及四氢呋喃溶液中的顺序均为G2>G1>M3.     

Kinetic Modeling of the Decomposition of Carbon Tetrachloride in Thermal Plasma

Decomposition of carbon tetrachloride in a RF thermal plasma reactor was investigated in argon atmosphere. The net conversion of CCl₄ and the main products of its decomposition were determined from the mass spectrometric analysis of outlet gases. Flow and temperature profiles in the reactor were calculated and concentration profiles of the species along the axis of the reactor were estimated using a newly developed chemical kinetic mechanism, containing 12 species and 34 reaction steps. The simulations indicated that all carbon tetrachloride decomposed within a few microseconds. However, CCl₄ was partly recombined from its decomposition products. The calculations predicted 70\% net conversion of CCl₄, which was close to the experimentally determined value of 60\%. A thermodynamic equilibrium model also simulated the decomposition. Results of the kinetic and thermodynamic simulations agreed well above 2000 K. However, below 2000 K the thermodynamic equilibrium model gave wrong predictions. Therefore, application of detailed kinetic mechanisms is recommended for modeling CCl₄ decomposition under thermal plasma conditions.     

TiNi合金表面原位热氧化膜的结构与光电性能的研究

采用AFM、XRD和EDS等手段,对TiNi合金在空气中、400—800℃下形成的氧化膜组织结构进行了分析,并对TiNi合金表面原位热氧化膜的光电性能进行了研究.结果表明,TiNi合金在空气中氧化原位形成的氧化膜的结构主要为金红石型二氧化钛,不同温度下生长的氧化膜存在择优取向;随着氧化温度的升高,所制备的TiO2/TiNi电极的稳态光电流和开路光电压随氧化温度的升高先增大后减小,在700℃所制备的TiO2/TiNi电极的稳态光电流最大.     

载体模板效应对氧化钯的热化学行为及其甲烷燃烧稳定性的影响

通过对PdO活性组分在单斜与四方型氧化锆载体上的热化学性质和催化活性进行比较性的研究显示, 单斜型ZrO₂的表面原子能够满足与PdO的结构适应性匹配条件, 它可以通过界面原子的取向附生作用对表面PdO物种聚集形态进行调控, 从而促进PdO组分在单位载体表面上的分散. 此外, 升降温循环过程的DTG分析还表明, 单斜载体模板在反复的氧化还原循环中逐渐将结晶型PdO加工成取向附生型PdO, 不断改善PdO物种的氧迁移性质, 促进了热还原钯物种在高温区的氧化再生. 这两种载体效应有效地抑制了甲烷燃烧反应在高温区的活性振荡, 增加了燃烧的稳定性与催化剂的反应耐受性. 四方ZrO₂晶相在载体内的掺杂将导致上述的载体效应受到明显抑制.     

PMMA/定向碳纳米管复合材料导电与导热性能的研究

Methyl Methacrylate(MMA) has been filled in the apertures of aligned carbon nanotubes(ACNTs). Then PMMA/ACNTs composites have been synthesized by in-situ polymerization. The SEM results show that carbon nanotubes are well dispersed and directionally arranged in the composites. The electrical conductivities of the parallel direction (parallel with ACNTs) and perpendicular direction (perpendicular with ACNTs) of composites were respectively tested to be 15 S·cm^-1 and 4 S·cm^-1, so the composites were conductivity anisotropic. Compared with PMMA, the thermal stable temperature of composites in air was improved by 100 ℃,and the thermal conductivity of composites was 13.64 times of PMMA.     

有机过氧化物的热自燃性小药量评价法

有机过氧化物的热自燃性小药量评价法;有机过氧化物;热自燃危险性;自加速分解温度;微量量热仪     

SYNTHESIS AND THERMAL PROPERTIES OF POLYBENZOXAZOLE FROM SOLUBLE PRECURSOR WITH HYDROXY-SUBSTITUTED POLYENAMINONITRILE

Aromatic polybenzoxazole (PBO) precursor, hydroxy-substituted polyenaminonitrile, was prepared by direct polycondensation of 1,4-bis(l-chloro-2,2-dicyanovinyl)benzene (CCB) and 4,6-diaminoresorcinol dihydrochloride (DAR) using pyridine and N,N-dimethylacetamide as condensing agent and solvent. The precursor has good solubility in polar aprotic solvent which is due to the strong dipolar nature of the main chain. The soluble precursor was subjected to thermal cyclization in an inert atmosphere to convert it into the corresponding PBO, which has its 5% weight loss temperature at 540℃ The fully cyclized PBO were characterized by FT-IR and TGA. The introduction of 10% mol 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic chloride (BTC) into the main chain not only has little effect on the solubility of PBO precursor but also raises its 5% weight loss temperature to 552℃ and char yield at 700℃ for the cyclized PBO with BTC.     

Mechanical properties of single motor molecules studied by three-dimensional thermal force probing in optical tweezers.

A new method combining three-dimensional (3D) force measurements in an optical trap with the analysis of thermally induced (Brownian) position fluctuations of a trapped probe was used to investigate the mechanical properties of a single molecule, the molecular motor kinesin. One kinesin molecule attached to the probe was bound in a rigorlike state to one microtubule. The optical trap was kept weak to measure the thermal forces acting on the probe, which were mainly counterbalanced by the kinesin tether. The stiffness of kinesin during stretching and compression with respect to its backbone axis were measured. Our results indicate that a section of kinesin close to the motor domain is the dominating element in the flexibility of the motor structure. The experiments demonstrate the power of 3D thermal fluctuation analysis to characterize mechanical properties of individual motor proteins and indicate its usefulness to study single molecule in general     

纳米金属粉对高氯酸铵热分解特性的影响

催化性能;纳米金属粉对高氯酸铵热分解特性的影响