A simultaneous TG–DTA study of the thermal decomposition of 2-hydroxybenzoic acid, 2-carboxyphenyl ester (salsalate)

Simultaneous thermogravimetry–differential thermal analysis (TG–DTA) and gas and liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry detection have been used to study the kinetics and decomposition of 2-hydroxybenzoic acid, 2-carboxyphenyl ester, commercially known as salsalate. Samples of salsalate were heated in the TG–DTA apparatus in an inert atmosphere (100 ml min⁻¹ nitrogen) in the temperature range 30–500 °C. The data indicated that the decomposition of salsalate is a two-stage process. The first decomposition stage (150–250 °C) had a best fit with second-order kinetics with E_a=191–198 kJ/mol. The second decomposition stage (300–400 °C) is described as a zero-order process with E_a=72–80 kJ/mol. The products of the decomposition were investigated in two ways:

(a)Salsalate was heated in a gas chromatograph at various isothermal temperatures in the range 150–280 °C, and the exit gas stream analyzed by mass spectrometry (GC–MS). This approach suggested that salsalate decomposes with the formation of salicylic acid, phenol, phenyl salicylate, and cyclic oligomers of salicylic acid di- and tri-salicylides.

(b)One gram samples of salsalate were heated in a vessel under nitrogen to 150 °C, and the residues were analyzed by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS). The major compound detected was a linear tetrameric salicylate ester.

     

热致型液晶聚合物的近晶相结构研究

本文借助于不同热处理样品的WAXD研究和变温FTIR分析,从液晶态与结晶态面间距的变化,晶态、液晶态和各向同性液态下结构构象的差异出发,研究了聚合物液晶态下的近晶相结构模型。     

Terpenes in organic synthesis

A seven-step synthesis ofS-(+)-hydroprene (S-1) in 20 % overall yield starting fromS-(+)-3,7-dimethyl-1,6-octadiene (2) of 55+-10 % optical purity is described. The introduction of an optical enhancement step in the synthetic sequence at the stage ofS-(–)-3,7-dimethyl-1-octanol (9) raises the optical purity ofS-1 from 50 % to 80 %.For part 13, see. ref.¹ Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 2, pp. 342–348, February, 1993.     

The standard enthalpies of formation of some dibenzoannelated cycloalkanols

The heats of combustion of trans-9,10-bis-hydroxymethyl-9,10-dihydrophenanthrene, trans-5-hydroxymethyl-5,6-dihydro-7H-dibenzo[a,c]cyclohepten-6-ol, 5-hydroxymethyl-5,6-dihydro-7H-di-benzo[a,c]cycloheptene, 6-hydroxymethyl-5,6-dihydro-7H-dibenzo[a,c]cycloheptene, 5H-dibenzo-[a,d]cyclohepten-5-ol and 5H-10,11-dihydrodibenzo[a,d]cyclohepten-5-ol were measured by means of a Gallenkamp adiabatic bomb calorimeter. Uncertainties in the determination of the heats of combustion ranged between 0.2 and 0.3%. The enthalpies of formation and atomization for the six compounds were derived. The experimental values of the heats of atomization were compared with those calculated using the Allen–Skinner bond energy scheme. Conclusions about energetic contributions which stabilize the structure of the investigated compounds were drawn.     

论技术规范产生的必要性

简要介绍了技术规范的含义，从技术实践需要理论指导、科学规范在技术领域的局限性和技术问题的存在三方面探讨了技术规范产生的论要性。     

我国数字图书馆建设主要问题研究

分析和阐述了我国数字图书馆建设中存在的标准问题、版权问题和技术问题,并提出了相应的对策.     

高校课程评估方案设计的原则

开展课程建设和课程评估工作是保证高校人才培养质量的有效策略，而制定科学的课程评估方案则是高校开展课程建设的核心问题。当前课程评估工作中存在对评估缺乏正确的认识、指标的封闭性、过程缺乏规范性、结论缺乏动态性等方面的问题。因此，课程评估方案的设计应遵循科学性、目标性、基础性、信度和效度、定性与定量相结合、以评促建的原则。     

线性Sobolev方程的半离散H1-Galerkin混合有限元分析

给出了线性Sobolev方程初边值问题的半离散H^1-Galerkin混合有限元格式，通过误差分析，得到了未知函数的L^2模和梯度函数的散度空间模的最优阶误差估计。     

刍议“精英”教育之于职技高师本科教育的意义

在高等教育大众化背景下，职技高师有条件地实施“精英”教育，有助于全面提升其人才培养规格和教育品位，充分张扬其内在的意义和外在的作用。     

可编程控制器实验台的设计

介绍了一种以计算机技术为基础的可通过编程来进行过程控制或使机器运行的新型工业控制装置，主要从设计方案、主要功能、程序运行等方面论述了可编程控制器实验台的设计。