一种新的支持向量机树学习模型

针对特征空间维数较高时,混淆交叉支持向量机树中间节点的学习结果可能包含冗余特征信息的情况,考虑各维特征之间的相互关系以及各数据点之间的相互关系对数据的分类影响,提出一种基于有监督局部线性嵌入的支持向量机树学习模型.考虑每个中间节点上需要不同的特征信息进行局部决策,分别对每个中间节点(包括根节点)上的样例进行有监督局部线性嵌入学习.实验以手写阿拉伯数字识别问题为例验证和分析了模型的结构和分类识别性能,与其他学习模型的对比结果表明,该模型能在有监督局部线性嵌入学习的基础上,以更精简的结构获得与其他学习模型可比的识别精确率.     

气质联机法测定崂山绿茶中香气成分(Ⅰ)

介绍了青岛崂山绿茶中香气成分的分析方法。用常压水蒸气蒸馏法提取崂山绿茶中的香气成分。冷凝液用乙醚萃取。萃取液经脱水,在室温25℃1个标准大气压下使乙醚挥发,保留体积为1．5mL。用气相色谱-质谱联机法（GC—MS,Saturn2000）对其中的香气成分进行了定性分析。被检出的天然香气物质有44种,与NIST谱图库（美国标准与技术研究院NIST数据库）的匹配效果较好,尤其是12种具有代表性的成分。试验结果表明,崂山绿茶中香气物质种类较丰富。     

绿茶对水溶液中Pb2+和Cd2+吸附性能初步研究

研究了绿茶对溶液中Pb2 和Cd2 离子的吸附和解吸性质。考察了pH、温度、吸附时间对绿茶吸附性能的影响,得到吸附动力学曲线和吸附等温线。结果表明,茶叶在pH为4~6的弱酸性范围内对两种金属离子的吸附效果最佳,在30℃时,茶叶对Pb2 和Cd2 的饱和吸附量分别为46.66 mg/g和33.29mg/g,吸附符合Langmuir吸附等温方程,并对吸附机理进行了初步的探讨。对解吸条件研究发现,用0.1 mol/L HCl和EDTA作为解吸剂,对Pb2 和Cd2 的解吸效果较好,解吸率达80%以上,可有效回收重金属Pb2 和Cd2 。     

线粒体密码表的进化关系

提出一个理论模型,由此推导出标准密码表与10个物种线粒体非标准密码表之间的进化关系,得到这些表的进化关系和真核总界中物种的三界分类正相吻合,同时发现氨基酸与终止密码间的无义突变和其逆过程是重建进化树的关键因素.     

绿茶制备纳米铁在饱和多孔介质中的迁移特性及影响因素

绿茶还原制备纳米铁颗粒(nanoscale iron particles produced by green tea, GT-NIPs)由于成本低,对环境二次污染风险较小,在地下水环境修复中具有较好的应用前景。为研究GT-NIPs在饱和多孔介质中的迁移特性及影响因素,通过批试验和一维模拟柱试验,分析GT-NIPs颗粒沉降及迁移情况,并计算其最大迁移距离。结果表明：GT-NIPs在乙醇溶液中具有较好的悬浮稳定性,在2 000 min内,相对吸光度保持在0.95以上;在石英砂介质中,GT-NIPs迁移能力随介质粒径的增大而增强,其在粗砂中的截留量仅为在中砂和细砂中的1/2和1/3;离子强度及二价阳离子对GT-NIPs运移影响较小;黏土矿物促进了GT-NIPs在介质中的沉积,使其截留率增加了1倍;GT-NIPs在天然砂中的迁移能力大幅降低,出流率较在石英砂中降低了36.67%;利用滤床理论模型对GT-NIPs的最大迁移距离进行预测是合理且符合实际的,其在不同介质条件下的最大迁移距离为1～5 m。     

一类简单图的生成树数

利用Cayley公式求解递推关系方程,给出了一类简单图S(p,n)的生成树数的计算公式.     

Ultrastructural Damages to H1N1 Influenza Virus Caused by Vapor Essential Oils

Influenza viruses are transmitted from human to human via airborne droplets and can be transferred through contaminated environmental surfaces. Some works have demonstrated the efficacy of essential oils (EOs) as antimicrobial and antiviral agents, but most of them examined the liquid phases, which are generally toxic for oral applications. In our study, we describe the antiviral activity of Citrus bergamia, Melaleuca alternifolia, Illicium verum and Eucalyptus globulus vapor EOs against influenza virus type A. In the vapor phase, C. bergamia and M. alternifolia strongly reduced viral cytopathic effect without exerting any cytotoxicity. The E. globulus vapor EO reduced viral infection by 78% with no cytotoxicity, while I. verum was not effective. Furthermore, we characterized the EOs and their vapor phase by the head-space gas chromatography–mass spectrometry technique, observing that the major component found in each liquid EO is the same one of the corresponding vapor phases, with the exception of M. alternifolia. To deepen the mechanism of action, the morphological integrity of virus particles was checked by negative staining transmission electron microscopy, showing that they interfere with the lipid bilayer of the viral envelope, leading to the decomposition of membranes. We speculated that the most abundant components of the vapor EOs might directly interfere with influenza virus envelope structures or mask viral structures important for early steps of viral infection.     

Green Tea (Camellia sinensis): A Review of Its Phytochemistry,Pharmacology, and Toxicology

Objectives Green tea (Camellia sinensis) is a kind of unfermented tea that retains the natural substance in fresh leaves to a great extent. It is regarded as the second most popular drink in the world besides water. In this paper, the phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicology of green tea are reviewed systematically and comprehensively. Key findings Green tea has been demonstrated to be good for human health. Nowadays, multiple pharmacologically active components have been isolated and identified from green tea, including tea polyphenols, alkaloids, amino acids, polysaccharides, and volatile components. Recent studies have demonstrated that green tea shows versatile pharmacological activities, such as antioxidant, anticancer, hypoglycemic, antibacterial, antiviral, and neuroprotective. Studies on the toxic effects of green tea extract and its main ingredients have also raised concerns including hepatotoxicity and DNA damage. Summary Green tea can be used to assist the treatment of diabetes, Alzheimer’s disease, oral cancer, and dermatitis. Consequently, green tea has shown promising practical prospects in health care and disease prevention.     

苹果酸和丁二酸对茶园土壤氟吸附能力及形态分布的影响

通过茶园土壤采样和实验室模拟, 研究苹果酸和丁二酸对茶园土壤外源氟吸附能力和形态分布的影响. 在氟初始浓度较低的条件下（低浓度有机酸 <0.42 mmol/L, 高浓度有机酸<2.1 mmol/L）, 苹果酸和丁二酸对茶园土壤氟的吸附有一定的抑制作用; 在氟初始浓度较高的条件下（低浓度有机酸>0.42 mmol/L, 高浓度有机酸>2.1 mmol/L）, 苹果酸和丁二酸对茶园土壤氟的吸附有增强作用, 且增强作用随吸附液氟初始浓度的增加而增大, 苹果酸比丁二酸的增强作用大. 茶园土壤外源氟大部分以残渣态存在, 其次为水溶态. 不同浓度的苹果酸和丁二酸对茶园土壤外源氟的形态转化有不同影响, 但外源氟进入茶园土壤后形态分布的一般规律为: 残渣态>水溶态>有机态≈铁锰态>交换态.     

一些圈加边图的着色

设P(G;λ)表示图G的色多项式,若P(H;λ)=P(G;λ),称H和G色等价.设ξ是图组成的集合,若对任意图H,当H和ξ中的某一图色等价时,都有H ∈ξ,称ξ是完全色等价类.本文给出了由部分广义多边形树Gsl(a,b;c,d)(s+t=2)组成的一个完全色等价类.