Contributions of Spin–Lattice Relaxation to the Echo Decay of Planar Cu in High-Temperature Superconductors

Measurement ofT_2G, the Gaussian component of the spin-echo envelope of planar Cu nuclei in high-temperature superconductors, gives important information about the real part of the Cu electron spin susceptibility. In the traditional picture of the planar Cu echo decay, the internuclear coupling is assumed to remain static with respect to spin–lattice relaxation and mutual exchange fluctuations. In some circumstances, however, this assumption breaks down. We calculate the internuclear corrections arising from spin–lattice relaxation to the conventional theory ofT_2Gand show thatT_2Gcan be easily corrected for these effects. We argue that mutual exchanges due to the perpendicular indirect couplings are suppressed in these materials. For YBa₂Cu₄O₈, we find a correction on the order of 10% inT_2Gand using the corrected values we find that the isotope ratio⁶³T_2G/⁶⁵T_2Gagrees with theory.     

Spectroscopy on very neutron-rich nuclei beyond N = 20

Recent studies on nuclear structure by using radioactive isotope beams available at the RIKEN projectile-fragment separator (RIPS) are introduced. Special emphasis is given to two selected experiments from recent programs that highlight studies on the magicity loss observed for very neutron-rich nuclei beyond N = 20 in the “island-of-inversion” region; the particle stability of ³¹F, and the low-lying excited states of ³⁴Mg. Received: 1 May 2001 / Accepted: 4 December 2001     

中国管理会计发展及对策

介绍了管理会计在我国的发展状况,阐述了未来我国发展管理会计时应注意的一些问题,探讨了我国管理会计的发展方向,并针对我国管理会计存在的问题提出了相应的对策.     

透射式跑道能见度激光测量仪的研究

介绍了一种利用激光测量跑道水平及斜视能见度的智能化仪器。该仪器主要由光学系统、信号放大与处理系统及显示系统三部分组成。简要介绍了该仪器的基本结构、工作原理和主要技术指标，讨论了其中的技术难点及其相应的解决办法。     

反光板(合作目标)反射率测量仪

本文介绍了反光板（合作目标）反射率测量仪的研制。仪器采用对称双光路比较测量法，给定两束相等光通量的光束，分别作为参考光束和测试光束，并用分束器实现原光路取样，从而解决了合作目标反光板入射光线与反射光线重合不能用常规测试方法来检测的难题。由于采用对称双光路的方法，入射光通量是相对恒定的，不受外界因素影响，从而使反射率测量仪达到精度高、重复性好和环境要求低的设计要求。     

Influence of target surface degradation on the properties of r.f. magnetron‐sputtered calcium phosphate coatings

This paper reports a detailed study of how repeated r.f. magnetron sputtering from a hydroxyapatite (HA) powder target affects the nature and reproducibility of a sequential series of thin‐film coatings deposited onto Ti6Al4V substrates. An evaluation of the effective lifespan of the HA sputter targets and the reproducibility of the calcium phosphate (CaP) coatings produced from them has been made from Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, XPS and, as appropriate, atomic force microscopy and SEM/energy dispersive x‐ray analyses. The annulus region of the target surface, from which sputtering under r.f. magnetron conditions normally occurs, showed severe surface degradation after only one deposition run, as indicated by significant PO₄^3? and OH^? depletion. This deterioration continued after each subsequent deposition cycle but to a much lesser extent than that observed in the initial sputtering period. The layers produced from all of the sputter runs contained the expected Ca²⁺ and PO₄^3? species characteristic of a CaP system but were OH^? deficient in the as‐deposited state. However, the chemical and morphological properties of the coatings did not change significantly until after the third consecutive sputter cycle. Hence, these data indicate that, even though a significant level of degradation of the HA target occurs at the outset of the sputtering procedure, the general plasma conditions employed here have a dominant influence on the coating properties until a critical degradation condition is met. As such, the compacted HA powder targets of interest can have a life‐cycle greater than single usage without detriment to the chemistry and morphology of the coatings produced from them. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于课程标准的教学——以常见阴、阳离子的检验为例

以常见的阴、阳离子的检验为例，研究了如何实施基于标准的教学。校本教材的开发为标准、教材、教学、评价的一致性提供保障；以学生应知的和能做的驱动课堂活动；根据达成标准应有怎样的质量表现，试卷编制先于教学设计。课堂上，“教”“学”双方都明确学习目标，教师提供多种策略来满足学生多样的学习需要，如提供工具，搭建脚手架，并以“微”研究性学习的方式展开教学，给学生提供了充分的进步空间。     

神经网络校正的EKF在高超声速目标跟踪中的应用

针对临近空间高超声速目标高度非线性、强耦合、高机动、时变参数、和独特气动特性等特点,综合运用军事运筹学理论与方法、系统建模技术、神经网络技术以及计算机仿真等,提出基于神经网络校正的扩展卡尔曼滤波(EKF)算法,并在高超声速目标跟踪中进行了应用研究。采取神经网络的学习能力来克服卡尔曼滤波发散问题,通过卡尔曼滤波后加一级误差处理环节使滤波收敛。仿真结果表明:该算法在目标发生较大机动时仍能保持较高的跟踪精度。     

超低空目标的广义布儒斯特效应

超低空预警是当今研究的热点,而多径干扰是影响超低空目标探测的主要因素。针对多径干扰的问题,从电磁散射的角度出发,提出"广义布儒斯特效应",以降低多径干扰的影响。运用小面元高频近似方法(PO+MEC)快速计算目标散射场并生成回波信号;在物理光学法的基础上推导了复反射系数公式;根据"四路径"建立多径回波信号模型。以此为基础,研究了多径信号的广义布儒斯特效应的产生机理,找出多径干扰最小的入射角,并研究其存在的条件。通过改变环境类型及相关参数和入射频率,得出广义布儒斯特效应的内在规律,为超低空对抗打下基础。     

基于小波分析的被动声纳信号宽带噪声包络调制分析

采用小波分析理论建立了一种新的被动声纳信号宽带噪声包络调制分析算法。通过被动声纳的海上实际信号的分析实验,取得了良好的检测效果且可以节省计算时间,具有很好的应用前景。