微观剩余油赋存状态的矿物学机制探讨——以鄂尔多斯盆地中部中‒低渗砂岩储层为例

针对现阶段微观剩余油研究中可视化精度低、微观剩余油与矿物之间的依存关系不明确以及形态分类描述不完善等问题, 利用岩芯观察、铸体薄片分析、X射线衍射分析等手段, 以场发射环境扫描电子显微镜(FE-SEM)图像为基础资料, 联合能谱(EDS)分析资料, 研究鄂尔多斯盆地中部长2油层组和长9油层组的微观剩余油分布规律, 并探讨剩余油赋存状态的矿物学机制。结果表明, 微观剩余油的赋存状态由孔隙的大小和形态以及与孔隙相接触的边缘矿物的性质共同决定, 不同类型孔隙对剩余油的赋存能力取决于孔隙边缘矿物的形态、表面粗糙程度、比重和润湿性等物理化学性质。据此, 可将微观剩余油分为残留油团、半自由油岛、半自由油雾、半自由微油团和束缚油5个类型。     

基于图像分析的堆浸铀矿石颗粒参数辨识

采用数字图像处理技术对铀矿石颗粒参数进行测量,并确定铀矿石块度分布.首次将图像引导滤波器应用于矿石图像滤波,较好地滤除了图像噪声和保持矿石边缘细节信息.采用基于最大类间后验交叉熵准则的PCNN图像分割算法分割矿石图像,减少了矿石粘连现象.为了解决第一次分割后矿石粘连现象,采用基于凹点匹配的数字图像切割算法对粘连的矿石图像进行第二次分割,能有效分离粘连矿石图像.采用基于形状特征的颗粒参数测量法测量颗粒参数,提高了颗粒参数的测量精度,得到了矿石块度的统计分布图.实验数据表明,该方法测量误差较小,能满足实际需求.      

自锚式吊拉组合体系桥主缆线形计算方法

基于分段悬链线理论,考虑自锚式吊拉组合体系桥主缆锚固点位置及桥塔高度的变化,分别介绍了其成桥和空缆状态主缆线形及主缆无应力长度的计算原理和步骤．考虑索鞍的影响,编制了主缆线形计算程序．算例验证结果表明该方法是正确可行的,所编程序具有收敛速度快、计算精度高、便于工程应用等特点,对自锚式吊拉组合体系桥的设计和施工都具有很好的指导作用．     

单晶YSZ的Xe+离子辐照效应研究

200keV Xe+离子辐照使单晶YSZ由无色透明变成紫色透明,结果表明,能量为200keV,注量为1×1017cm-22的Xe+离子辐照YSZ单晶产生的损伤高达350dpa,在损伤区产生高密度的缺陷,但仍然没有发生非晶化转变。吸收光谱测试结果表明,产生吸收带的注量阈值大约为1016cm-2。注量为1×1016cm-2和1×1017cm-2的样品,吸收带峰值分别位于522nm和497nm。光吸收带可能与Zr阳离子最近邻的氧空位捕获电子形成的F型色心和Y阳离子近邻的氧离子捕获空穴形成的V型色心有关。     

高速电枢的尾翼结构设计及实验研究

设计了T2LXD1系列电枢,分析了6061-T6铝合金材料的弹塑性特点,利用线性强化理论和接触理论并结合ANSYS软件,建立了T2LXD1系列电枢弹塑性接触模型,研究了电枢尾翼结构对电枢/导轨滑动界面接触状态的影响规律,得到了界面接触力、接触面积和接触压力分布等状态参数的数值模拟结果。利用短导轨电磁驱动系统,进行了T2LXD1系列电枢滑行实验,分析了电枢/导轨界面滑磨状态,比较了滑行性能曲线。实验结果表明:长尾翼电枢并不能带来实际接触面积的增     

Seed‐Mediated Synthesis of Gold Tetrahedra in High Purity and with Tunable,Well‐Controlled Sizes

We report a facile synthesis of Au tetrahedra in high purity and with tunable, well‐controlled sizes via seed‐mediated growth. The success of this synthesis relies on the use of single‐crystal, spherical Au nanocrystals as the seeds and manipulation of the reaction kinetics to induce an unsymmetrical growth pattern for the seeds. In particular, the dropwise addition of a precursor solution with a syringe pump, assisted by cetyltrimethylammonium chloride and bromide at appropriate concentrations, was found to be critical to the formation of Au tetrahedra in high purity. Their sizes could be readily tuned in the range of 30–60 nm by simply varying the amount of precursor added to the reaction solution. The current strategy not only enables the synthesis of Au tetrahedra with tunable and controlled sizes but also provides a facile and versatile approach to reducing the symmetry of nanocrystals made of a face‐centered cubic lattice.     

A novel design of membrane mirror with small deformation and imaging performance analysis in infrared system

A method of diminishing the shape error of membrane mirror is proposed in this paper. The inner inflating pressure is considerably decreased by adopting the pre-shaped membrane. Small deformation of the membrane mirror with greatly reduced shape error is sequentially achieved. Primarily a finite element model of the above pre-shaped membrane is built on the basis of its mechanical properties. Then accurate shape data under different pressures can be acquired by iteratively calculating the node displacements of the model. Shape data are applicable to build up deformed reflecting surfaces for the simulative analysis in ZEMAX. Finally, ground-based imaging experiments of 4-bar targets and nature scene are conducted. Experiment results indicate that the MTF of the infrared system can reach to 0.3 at a high spatial resolution of 10l p/mm, and texture details of the nature scene are well-presented. The method can provide theoretical basis and technical support for the applications in lightweight optical components with ultra-large apertures.     

Aqueous Gold Overgrowth of Silver Nanoparticles: Merging the Plasmonic Properties of Silver with the Functionality of Gold

To date, it has not been possible to combine the high optical quality of silver particles with the good chemical stability and synthetic convenience in a fully aqueous system, while simultaneously allowing chemical surface functionalization. We present a synthetic pathway for future developments in information, energy and medical technology where strong optical/electronic properties are crucial. Therefore, the advantages inherent to gold are fused with the plasmonic properties of silver in a fully aqueous Au/Ag/Au core–shell shell system. These nanoparticles inherit low dispersity from their masked gold cores, yet simultaneously exhibit the strong plasmonic properties of silver. Protecting the silver surface with a thin gold layer enables oxidant stability and functionality without altering the Ag‐controlled optical properties. This combines both worlds—optical quality and chemical stability—and is not limited to a specific particle shape.     

COUPLING EFFECTS OF VOID SHAPE AND VOID SIZE ON THE GROWTH OF AN ELLIPTIC VOID IN A FIBER-REINFORCED HYPER-ELASTIC THIN PLATE

The growth of a prolate or oblate elliptic micro-void in a fiber reinforced anisotropic incompressible hyper-elastic rectangular thin plate subjected to uniaxial extensions is studied within the framework of finite elasticity. Coupling effects of void shape and void size on the growth of the void are paid special attention to. The deformation function of the plate with an isolated elliptic void is given, which is expressed by two parameters to solve the differential equation. The solution is approximately obtained from the minimum potential energy principle. Deformation curves for the void with a wide range of void aspect ratios and the stress distributions on the surface of the void have been obtained by numerical computation. The growth behavior of the void and the characteristics of stress distributions on the surface of the void are captured. The combined effects of void size and void shape on the growth of the void in the thin plate are discussed. The maximum stresses for the void with different sizes and different void aspect ratios are compared.