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51.
空化水射流研究现状及其应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
综述了高压水射流技术发展及应用过程,认为空化水射流是一种富有发展前途的高效新型射流.通过对空化水射流机理、空化数和冲击压力两个重要空化参数的分析,显示了空化射流的潜在优势.实验表明人工淹没空化射流具有较强的冲蚀效果,并克服了靶距范围的不足.简要介绍了该技术应用于火箭发动机内脏固体推进剂清洗工程的射流系统设计. 相似文献
52.
Burton A Elomari S Chen CY Medrud RC Chan IY Bull LM Kibby C Harris TV Zones SI Vittoratos ES 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2003,9(23):5737-5748
The syntheses, structure solutions, and physicochemical and catalytic characterizations of the novel zeolites SSZ-53 and SSZ-59 are described. SSZ-53 and SSZ-59 were synthesized under hydrothermal conditions with the [1-(4-fluorophenyl)cyclopentylmethyl]trimethyl ammonium cation and 1-[1-(4-chlorophenyl)cyclopentylmethyl]-1-methyl azocanium cation, respectively, as structure-directing agents. The framework topology of SSZ-53 was solved with the FOCUS method, and the structure of SSZ-59 was determined by model building. Rietveld refinement of synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction data confirms each proposed model. SSZ-53 and SSZ-59 each possess a one-dimensional channel system delimited by 14-membered rings. Results from transmission electron microscopy, electron diffraction, catalytic experiments (spaciousness index and constraint index tests), and argon and hydrocarbon adsorption experiments are consistent with the proposed structures. 相似文献
53.
In this study we describe the activation with chloroformates of Trisacryl-GF-2000, a new synthetic gel support that is stable,
hydrophilic, and contains large amounts of hydroxyl groups available for activation.
Of all the reagents tested, the activation withN-hydroxysuccinimide-chloroformate andp-nitrophenylchloroformate in organic solvents provides the best activation yield and subsequent coupling. When Trisacryl was
activated in acetone with the chloroformates in the presence of 4-dimethylaminopyridine as base and catalyst, up to 30% of
the hydroxyl groups, (i.e., 1/repeating unit) could be activated. Amino-containing ligands and proteins could be coupled to
these carriers at pH 8 or higher. For better results in affinitychromatographic applications, spacers of ε-amino caproic acid
or diaminohexane were introduced. The efficacy of these columns was demonstrated by purification of enzymes, antibodies, and
antigens. The performance of these new columns were compared with that of Sepharose columns activated in various ways. In
every case, the properties of the Trisacryl support proved superior with particular reference to the purity of the product
obtained. 相似文献
54.
Yoshihiko Kondo Ken Endo Nobuhiko Iki Sotaro Miyano Fumio Hamada 《Journal of inclusion phenomena and macrocyclic chemistry》2005,52(1-2):45-49
Even though it was obtained in poor yield, p-tert-butylthiacalix[8]arene (TC8A) has been synthesized as a new member of thiacalix[n]arenes by the terephthalate-induced cyclization of a mixture of acyclic oligomers, which was obtained by the reaction between p-tert-butylphenol and sulfur with CaO in ethylene glycol/diphenyl ether system. Slow evaporation of the chloroform solution of TC8A afforded guest-free crystals consisting of TC8A itself. The close-packed crystal structure of TC8A resembles that of p-tert-butylcalix[8]arene (C8A) closely, containing a plated loop molecular structure.This revised version was published online in July 2005 with a corrected issue number. 相似文献
55.
The kinetics of the surface tension of micellar solutions of nonionic surfactant Triton X-100 is measured experimentally by means of three different techniques: oscillating jet, maximum bubble pressure and inclined plate. They allow to study the micellization kinetics at various time scales (from a few milliseconds to a few seconds) in fairly large concentration region up to 50 times CMC. The experimental data are satisfactorily explained by a theoretical model accounting for the kinetics of micellization, diffusion of surfactant species and expansion of the bubble interface. By this model are computed the characteristic times of diffusion and micellization, which are of comparable magnitude (about 5 to 200 ms), and the Gibbs' elasticity. The micellization time constant corresponds to the slow relaxation process known to coincide with the disintegration of micelles. Comparing our data with other data from literature one can conclude that more realistic information for the micellization kinetics is obtained by the maximum bubble pressure and the oscillating jet method. The inclined plate seems too slow to measure the relaxation processes in micellar solutions of this surfactant. 相似文献
56.
Stoikov I. I. Gafiullina L. I. Ibragimova D. Sh. Antipin I. S. Konovalov A. I. 《Russian Chemical Bulletin》2004,53(6):1172-1180
New calix[4]arenes, di- and tetrasubstituted at the lower rim, with different functional groups were synthesized. They were studied as carriers of a series of dicarboxylic and -hydroxycarboxylic acids through a liquid impregnated membrane. The calix[4]arenes under study are capable of molecular recognition of oxalic acid in the series of structurally similar dicarboxylic and -hydroxycarboxylic acids. The regularities found make it possible to change purposefully the receptor ability of 1,3-disubstituted calix[4]arenes by variation of the nature of substituents. 相似文献
57.
Takanori Sugimoto 《Tetrahedron letters》2004,45(2):335-338
Circadian rhythmic plant leaf movement, called nyctinasty, is controlled by a time-course change in the internal concentration of the leaf-movement factor in the plant body. We report that specific binding protein (210 and 180 kDa) for a leaf-movement factor, potassium lespedezate, is contained in the plasma membrane of the plant motor cell. These proteins would be potential receptors for leaf-movement factor to control the leaf movement. 相似文献
58.
In the golden age of organocatalysis 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
The term "organocatalysis" describes the acceleration of chemical reactions through the addition of a substoichiometric quantity of an organic compound. The interest in this field has increased spectacularly in the last few years as result of both the novelty of the concept and, more importantly, the fact that the efficiency and selectivity of many organocatalytic reactions meet the standards of established organic reactions. Organocatalytic reactions are becoming powerful tools in the construction of complex molecular skeletons. The diverse examples show that in recent years organocatalysis has developed within organic chemistry into its own subdiscipline, whose "Golden Age" has already dawned. 相似文献
59.
Jia Hui Xu Ting Ting Zhuang Yi Cao Dr. Jing Yang Jing Jia Wen Zheng Ying Wu Dr. Chun Fang Zhou Dr. Li Huang Ying Wang Prof. Dr. Ming Bo Yue Dr. Jian Hua Zhu Prof. Dr. 《化学:亚洲杂志》2007,2(8):996-1006
Copper oxide was incorporated into MCM‐41 by a one‐pot synthesis under acidic conditions to prepare a new mesoporous nitrosamines trap for protection of the environment. The resulting composites were characterized by XRD, N2 adsorption–desorption, and H2 temperature‐programmed reduction techniques, and their adsorption capabilities were assessed in the gaseous adsorption of N‐nitrosopyrrolidine (NPYR). The adsorption isotherms were consistent with the Freundlich equation. The copper salt was deposited onto MCM‐41 during the evaporation stage and was fixed on the host in the calcination process that followed. MCM‐41 was able to capture NPYR in air below 373 K but not at 453 K. Loading of copper oxide on MCM‐41 greatly improved its adsorption capability at elevated temperatures. The influence of the incorporation of copper into MCM‐41 samples and the adsorption behavior of these samples are discussed in detail. 相似文献
60.
Asymmetric multicomponent reactions involve the preparation of chiral compounds by the reaction of three or more reagents added simultaneously. This kind of addition and reaction has some advantages over classic divergent reaction strategies, such as lower costs, time, and energy, as well as environmentally friendlier aspects. All these advantages, together with the high level of stereoselectivity attained in some of these reactions, will force chemists in industry as in academia to adopt this new strategy of synthesis, or at least to consider it as a viable option. The positive aspects as well as the drawbacks of this strategy are discussed in this Review. 相似文献