基于产品可持续制造过程的多目标决策

研究产品制造过程对经济、环境和社会的影响,使其具有可持续性。以资源约束为主线,考虑产品制造过程中可回收利用材料的使用比例,结合制造过程中安排操作工人的人数,综合优化产品制造过程的生产成本、排放物及单位工人的工作量。建立多目标优化模型,设计专门的非支配遗传算法(NSGA-Ⅱ),获得全局的Pareto最优解集。通过敏感性分析,获得模型中权重系数的合理取值,以及操作工人、可回收利用材料、原始材料的单位成本对模型结果的影响,可以使决策者在制定产品的可持续制造决策时有所依据。文中通过定量分析的方法,对可持续制造的决策理论进行了深入研究。     

基于生态足迹模型的上海土地利用可持续性调控研究

运用生态足迹模型分析得到了上海市1996-2005年生态足迹的动态变化过程.在此基础上，结合灰色预测方法对近期（2010年）和远期（2020年）的生态足迹及各类用地规模进行了预测，确定了生态环境适宜的上海市土地利用调控指标与优化布局，测算结果将有助于科学制定土地利用总体规划以实现对土地利用的可持续性调控，促进土地利用与经济、人口、资源和环境的协调发展.     

土壤生态系统可持续性评价研究

土壤生态系统可持续性是指土壤生态系统持久地维持和支持其内在组份、组织结构和功能动态健康及其化发展的各种能动性的总和，它是由生态整合性、自维持活力、抵抗力和自组织力所构成的综合能力体系，土壤生态系统持续性是由系统自身的组份、结构和功能动态来体现的。因此，对系统组份、结构和功能动态的认识和评价研究是衡量土壤生态系统持续性的方法论基础。     

满意优化解

本文给出几项在有限的具体方案中求出实用上的优选满意解．阐述了预应力混凝土梁中预应力钢筋较合理的配置，进行了有关试验观测和钢筋混凝土方板优选配筋的试验研究，并都给出了一些细节．此外，述及了国内对纵横向框架设计的经济比较．介绍了采用3种不同形式连粱的4层框架比较试验研究，带竖向通缝和不同布筋的竖向缝槽及不同配筋的钢筋混凝土低剪力墙的试验研究，在框架和剪力墙的试验研究中还包括了对结构延性的研究．以上4项试验研究都是在东南大学进行的．最后简述了国外对普通结构设计和具有可持续性的拆卸设计的比较．     

Emergy Based Analysis of Italian Electricity Production System

The continuously increasing demand for electric power together with the demand of environmental friendly technologies require a deep acknowledgement of the directions to give to electric power production in order to satisfy both necessities. The aim of this work is to evaluate the sustainability of Italian electric system by using the emergy function, a methodology developed in the early80s by Odum, and its correlated indices. Emergy is a thermodynamic based function that calculates all the fluxes of energy requested to obtain a product going backward to the solar energy invested. We analyzed all the inputs concurring to the yield of electricity taking into account not only the final phases of the production but also all the sources and materials that had been necessary for the system to operate. We have performed a wide analysis of all the different types of production focusing on thermoelectric sector. We have obtained not only a thermodynamic analysis of electricity production but also an evaluation of the sustainability of the entire process and a scenario for a correct exploitation of resources. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Bioactive Hydrolysates from Chlorella vulgaris: Optimal Process and Bioactive Properties

Microalgae have been described as a source of bioactive compounds, such as peptides. Microalgae are easy to produce, making them a sustainable resource for extracting active ingredients for industrial applications. Several microalgae species have interesting protein content, such as Chlorella vulgaris with around 52.2% of protein, making it promising for peptide hydrolysate production. Therefore, this work focused on the production of water-soluble hydrolysates rich in proteins/peptides from the microalgae C. vulgaris and studied bioactive properties. For that, a design of experiments (DOE) was performed to establish the optimal conditions to produce hydrolysates with higher levels of protein, as well as antioxidant and antihypertensive properties. Four experimental factors were considered (cellulase percentage, protease percentage, hydrolysis temperature, and hydrolysis duration) for three responses (protein content, antioxidant activity, and antihypertensive activity). The optimal conditions determined by the DOE allowed producing a scaled-up hydrolysate with 45% protein, with antioxidant activity, measured by oxygen radical absorbance capacity assay, of 1035 µmol TE/g protein, IC₅₀ for angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition activity of 286 µg protein/mL, and α-glucosidase inhibition of 31% (30 mg hydrolysate/mL). The obtained hydrolysates can be used as functional ingredients for food and nutraceuticals due to their antioxidant, antihypertensive, and antidiabetic potential. Moreover, the antioxidant potential of the extracts may be relevant for the cosmetic industry, especially in antiaging formulations.     

CHALLENGES FOR PROCESS INDUSTRIES IN RECYCLING

Increasing population and individual wealth have led to a higher demand for energy and raw material resources as well as for steady improvement of processing technology in view of efficient use of resources and avoiding emissions in production and recycling processes. Present situation and future trend of recycling processing are discussed by examples from the aluminium and steel industries, recycling of cars and post-consumer municipal recovery, The importance of more intense observance of thermodynamic laws and of a 4E strategy ＂Economy, Energy, Environment and Education＂ is outlined.     

应用型GIS工程建设与维护可持续性探讨

可持续发展是当代社会发展的主流,资源和环境的可持续利用是人们关注的焦点,本文讨论它的另一个侧面--大型软件应用系统的可持续利用问题,通过现有GIS应用系统出现的问题的分析,探讨影响应用型GIS工程建设与维护可持续性的系统开发方法、总体设计、产业标准化、数据更新及项目组织管理等问题,以促进 GIS事业的健康发展.     

基于可持续发展的工程移民规划探讨

分析工程移民可持续发展规划的基本特征,从形态、机制、物质三个方面研究移民区域发展的恒动系统,提出工程移民可持续发展规划的内涵及可持续发展规划的方法,指出：工程移民可持续发展规划应特别重视自然资源的持续利用和生态环境的保护,应是一个不断完善的动态循环的发展规划,应体现公众参与性,应注重多学科的互补性。