Large Number, Dark Matter, Dark Energy, and Superstructures in the Universe

Since there may exist dark matter particles ν and δ with mass - 10^-1 e V in the universe, the superstructures with a scale of 10^19 solar masses （large number A - 10^19） appeared during the era near and before the hydrogen recombination. Since there are superstructures in the universe, there may be no necessity for the existence of dark energy. For checking the superstructure in the universe by CMB anisotropy, we need to measure CMB angular power spectrum especially around ten degrees across the sky- in more details, While neutrino u is related to electroweak unification, the fourth stable elementary particle 6 may be related to strong-gravity unification, which suggests p ＋ p^- → n ＋ δ^- and that some new baryons appeared in the TeV region.     

过程工业用水网络优化设计

数学优化理论是水优化分配的有力工具,最具代表的是超结构模型.在超结构模型的基础上引入最近原则,对超结构模型进行改进,形成水分配模型,并举例探讨了水分配模型的应用实践.     

邻近地上结构对地下结构动力响应的影响参数

采用有限单元法建立了一系列典型高层框架结构及地下车站的二维平面应变模型,研究了不同地震波输入、结构间距、土层刚度、土层阻尼比及地上结构基础埋深、楼层数、刚度等工况下地上结构对地下结构动力响应的影响.分析结果表明,地震波频谱成分的影响很大;随着结构间距增加,相互作用迅速减小;随着土层阻尼比减小、基础埋深增加、楼层数增加,相互作用增大;地上结构上部刚度对相互作用程度的影响不大.     

溶剂热法合成硫化铜花状微米球超结构及其光催化性能

以氯化铜(CuCl₂•2H₂O)和硫脲(CH₄N₂S, Tu)为原料, 乙二醇(C₂H₆O₂)为溶剂, 用溶剂热法于140 ℃反应90 min成功制备了直径为2.2～4.8 µm由纳米片组成的花状硫化铜(CuS)微米球超结构. 用XRD, SEM, TEM, SAED, HRTEM以及UV-Vis等手段对产品进行了表征|以氙灯和高压汞灯为光源, 亚甲基蓝为目标降解物评价了CuS超结构的光催化活性. 结果表明, 所制备的产品是六角相的CuS, 经计算, 其晶胞参数为a＝0.3813 nm, c＝1.6774 nm|所用溶剂、硫源、铜源及反应温度、反应时间对产品的形貌均有较大影响|UV-Vis分析表明, CuS微米球超结构的带隙能量为2.0 eV|光催化性能测试表明, 所制备的CuS微米球超结构在紫外光区和可见光区均具有较高的光催化活性, 但在可见光区的光催化活性更高, 在35 W氙灯和450 W的高压汞灯下, 光照30 min, 亚甲基蓝的降解率分别达到98.7%和82.9%. 此外, 还讨论了硫化铜微米球超结构可能的形成机理.     

线形-树状体杂化嵌段共聚物的分子设计、超分子组装及应用

线形-树状体杂化嵌段共聚物是由树枝状高分子嵌段(D)与线形高分子链(L)通过化学键连接而成的一类特殊拓扑结构的共聚物.本文综述了LD两嵌段和DLD三嵌段杂化共聚物的分子设计合成、超分子组装及应用方面近年来的最新研究进展.     

底框结构上部刚度对不均匀沉降影响的研究

为了解上部结构刚度对底框砌体房屋不均匀沉降的影响,运用有限元分析软件ANSYS对某真实房屋建立三维空间模型,通过改变上部墙体弹性模量而进行3个工况的对比,对得到的柱脚沉降进行分析,发现柱脚沉降与上部墙体弹性模量的关系呈现一定规律.提高第2层墙体刚度改善不均匀沉降效果明显,而提高第2层以上其他墙体的刚度对改善不均匀沉降效果不明显.     

上部结构周期对摩擦摆基础隔震结构地震反应的影响

对摩擦摆基础隔震结构进行了地震反应分析,研究了上部结构周期对结构地震反应的影响.结果表明,随着上部结构刚度的减小,上部结构周期增大,摩擦摆支座位移逐渐减小,上部结构的加速度反应和楼层剪力逐渐增大.     

Chemical Intergrowth of Dimeric and Trimeric Clusters in Reduced Tin Oxomolybdates: A study by high-resolution electron microscopy

By high-resolution electron microscopy, chemical intergrowth was studied of dimeric Mo₁₀O₁₆ and trimeric Mo₁₄O₂₂ clusters in reduced tin oxomolybdates within the Sn_xMo₁₀O₁₆? Sn_yMo₁₄O₂₂ system. The variety of observed intergrowth patterns includes polysynthetically twinned structures as well as a number of different superstructures. For an orthorhombic superstructure formed by alternating layers of dimeric and trimeric clusters, the lattice parameters and the Sn content were determined. The chemical reason for the amazing abundance of structures in the considered system is discussed.     

Influence of Thermal Cycling on the Optical Spectra of TlInS2 Crystals Having an Incommensurate Phase

The crystals of TlInS₂ are investigated by the methods of optical absorption and second-harmonic generation. It is found that after a crystal is cooled for the first time an additional band appears in the absorption spectrum and the intensity of the second harmonic is greatest at temperatures 170–201 K. The characteristic features of the spectra and their dependence on the process of thermal cycling are explained by the formation of clusters and regions of an incommensurate phase in a commensurate one.     

Crystal structures of the ionic conductors Bi46M8O89 (M=P, V) related to the fluorite-type structure

The crystal structures of the two oxides Bi₄₆M₈O₈₉ (M=P, V) have been solved from single crystals X-ray data at room temperature. Bi₄₆P₈O₈₉ crystallizes in the monoclinic symmetry (space group C2/m) with the cell parameters , , and β=112.14(3)°. The symmetry of Bi₄₆V₈O₈₉ is also monoclinic but the space group is P2₁/c with the unit-cell parameters: , , and β=107.27(3)°. Both structures derive from an oxygen deficient fluorite-type structure where the Bi and M cations (M=P, V) are ordered in the framework. The structures are characterised by isolated MO₄ tetrahedra (M=P, V) which contradicts the previous results. The difference between the two structures is only due to a different order of the M atoms (M=P, V) in the fluorite-type superstructure. It will be shown that some oxygen sites are partially occupied in both structures which can explain the ion conduction properties of these phases. A structural building principle will be proposed that can explain the large domain of solid solution related to the fluorite-type observed in both systems.