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21.
Jerry Green 《International Journal of Game Theory》2005,33(2):159-180
This paper presents an axiomatic characterization of a family of solutions to two-player quasi-linear social choice problems. In these problems the players select a single action from a set available to them. They may also transfer money between themselves.The solutions form a one-parameter family, where the parameter is a non-negative number, t.The solutions can be interpreted as follows: Any efficient action can be selected. Based on this action, compute for each player a “best claim for compensation”. A claim for compensation is the difference between the value of an alternative action and the selected efficient action, minus a penalty proportional to the extent to which the alternative action is inefficient. The coefficient of proportionality of this penalty is t. The best claim for compensation for a player is the maximum of this computed claim over all possible alternative actions. The solution, at the parameter value t, is to implement the chosen efficient action and make a monetary transfer equal to the average of these two best claims. The characterization relies on three main axioms. The paper presents and justifies these axioms and compares them to related conditions used in other bargaining contexts. In Nash Bargaining Theory, the axioms analogous to these three are in conflict with each other. In contrast, in the quasi-linear social choice setting of this paper, all three conditions can be satisfied simultaneously.This work was supported by the Division of Research at the Harvard Business School. Thanks are due to the Cowles Foundation for Research in Economics at Yale University for its kind hospitality during the Spring of 2002. I have received helpful advice and comments from Youngsub Chun, Ehud Kalai, Herve Moulin, Al Roth, Ilya Segal, Adam Szeidl, Richard Zeckhauser, and other members of the Theory Seminars at Harvard, MIT, Princeton, Rice and Northwestern. 相似文献
22.
23.
环境污染治理的经济分析模型 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
李连华 《五邑大学学报(自然科学版)》2003,17(2):9-12
环境污染的治理是化工、制造等企业的一项重要经济活动,如何进行有关的决策分析是困扰企业的一个难题.在分析环境成本性态的基础上,设计了排污费和排污权交易两种制度下的经济分析模型,为企业进行相关决策提供了理论框架和依据、 相似文献
24.
We analyze an infinite horizon, single product, continuous review model in which pricing and inventory decisions are made simultaneously and ordering cost includes a fixed cost. We show that there exists a stationary (s,S) inventory policy maximizing the expected discounted or expected average profit under general conditions. 相似文献
25.
安全质量费用工期在网络计划中的系统优化研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
施工网络计划中安全、质量、费用、工期达到综合优化是工程管理决策追求的目标,在工程项目管理中对这4个指标进行全面系统分析,并且进行综合均衡优化,对于提高工程项目的综合效益至关重要.采取在网络计划所有可行的施工方案中寻求最优的方案组合,从而达到总目标的优化.并且通过一个实例来说明本方法的应用. 相似文献
26.
In this paper, a locally computed suboptimal control strategy for a class of interconnected systems is introduced. First, optimal statefeedback control equations are derived for a finite-horizon quadratic cost. Then, the control for each subsystem is separated into two portions. The first portion stabilizes the isolated subsystem, and the second portion corresponds to the interactions. To achieve a locally calculable control, an approximation to the optimal control equations is introduced, and two iterative suboptimal control algorithms are developed. In the first algorithm, the initial conditions of subsystems are assumed to be known; in the second algorithm, this information is replaced by statistical distributions. The orders of errors in the iterations of the algorithm and in the suboptimality are given in terms of interconnections. An example with comparisons is also included to show the performance of the approach. 相似文献
27.
“Optimization of aircraft maintenance/support infrastructure using genetic algorithms—level of repair analysis” 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Level of repair analysis (LORA) is an approach used during the design stage of complex equipment for analysis of the cost
effectiveness of competing maintenance strategies. LORA is carried as a part of the life cycle cost and cost of ownership
analysis and plays a significant role in minimizing the life cycle cost and cost of ownership of the capital equipment. Since
many purchasing decisions of complex equipment are based on cost of ownership, it has become essential to carry out LORA to
compete in the market. In this paper, we develop a mathematical model for LORA and propose a solution methodology based on
genetic algorithms. The concept is illustrated using a hypothetical aircraft engine. 相似文献
28.
李成华 《科技情报开发与经济》2002,12(4):189-190
从材料的消耗,电力的消耗,管理费用的控制3个方面阐述了成功的成本管理给企业带来的经济效益,指出降低成本是企业力求发展的重要途径,管理是企业永恒的主题。 相似文献
29.
李晓东 《科技情报开发与经济》2002,12(3):55-56
新经济时代赋予成本管理以完全不同于传统成本管理的全新的内容,如人力资源成本的管理、无形资产成本的管理、社会责任成本的管理等。 相似文献
30.
余炬文 《科技情报开发与经济》2005,15(2):231-233
分析了现行户籍制度的弊端:劳动力市场多重分隔、劳动力交易成本居高不下、劳动力的非正常供给和劳动力的逆向需求。针对存在的问题,从劳动力资源合理配置的角度,提出了渐进性户籍制度改革的总体思路和具体措施。 相似文献