Identifying the northernmost summer monsoon location in East Asia

An integrated index which can be used to indicate the advance of subtropical summer monsoon in East Asia has been proposed in this paper. The index was combined by three variables including precipitation, wind and pseudo-equivalent potential temperature. The northernmost summer monsoon location (NSML) was identified by using this index annually. It was found that the NSML experienced an interdecadal shift in the period 1977—1979 based on the annual index analysis from 1961 to 2001. A comparison of the NSML with other four summer monsoon indices has also been made. The result showed that the NSML could well represent the interannual and interdecadal variability of summer monsoon precipitation in North China (beyond 35°N), while other four indices could well indicate the precipitation anomalies of East Asian summer monsoon along the Yangtze River valley (around 30°N).     

Southern Hemisphere mean zonal wind in upper troposphere and East Asian summer monsoon circulation

1 Introduction Variability of the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) has been detected by considering roles of El Nino and Southern Oscillation (ENSO) cycle, snow cover over Eurasia and Tibetan Plateau, and signals from the soil (namely, the soil temperatur…     

桂林两江国际机场夏季鸟类生态及鸟撞预防研究

对两江机场附近23 km2范围内6种生境11条样带调查,记录夏季鸟类共60种,分属10目22科.东洋种49种(81.67%),广布种4种(6.67%),古北种7种(15.79%).其中夏候鸟16种(26.67%),留鸟34种(56.67%),旅鸟15种(25.00%).按鸟类的生境分布系数划分,广性分布的鸟类有白头鹎、小鸦鹃、普通翠鸟等15种;通过对与鸟撞有关的夏季鸟类生态分析,提出了预防鸟撞事件发生的措施和建议.     

Interdecadal shift in the western North Pacific Summer SST anomaly in the late 1980s

An interdecadal shift in summer (June―August) sea surface temperature (SST) variations during the period of 1968―2002 was identified in the late 1980s, which is characterized by a phase alternating from negative to positive phases of the leading mode of the empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis of the summer monthly mean SST in the Pacific domain 100°―180°E and 0°―40°N, accounting for 30.5% of the total variance. During the period of 1968―1987, the leading mode with a mean negative phase state (mean standard deviation = ?0.586) controlled SST variability in the western North Pacific. Correspondingly, negative SST anomalies occupied the western North Pacific south of Japan and Chinese marginal seas. During the period of 1988―2002, the leading mode shifted to its strong positive polarity (mean standard deviation = 0.781), thus positive SST anomalies appeared in the western North Pacific. Accompanied by the interdecadal shift in summer mean SST, summer mean rainfall increased in southern and southeastern China during the late period, particularly in southeastern China where increase in summer mean rainfall exceeded 40 mm, at the 0.05 significance level.     

西北地区暴雨时空变化及异常年夏季环流特征

利用中国西北地区248个观测站1981-2010年逐日降水量资料、NCEP/NCAR再分析资料,对西北地区暴雨的时空变化及环流异常特征进行了分析.结果表明:暴雨主要出现在陕西、甘肃东南部、宁夏东南部,暴雨出现次数依次由东南向西北减少.暴雨的年际差异较大,年内主要集中在7-8月,两个月的暴雨日数占全年的64%,7月最多,8月次之,区域性暴雨7月下旬最多.西北地区大范围暴雨过程偏多年份夏季(7月和8月),西太平洋副热带高压偏强,西脊点伸到110?E附近,亚洲中高纬度多低值系统活动,低层(700 hPa)来自南海的偏东气流与青藏高原南侧的偏西气流合并为偏南气流向北伸展到西北地区东部,将充沛的水汽输送到这一区域,到达35?N附近与西北气流相遇;反之,西北地区大范围暴雨过程偏少年份夏季(7月和8月),西太平洋副热带高压偏弱,远离大陆,亚洲高纬度多高值系统活动,低层是一支偏北气流控制西北地区东部.     

豫南豫北夏玉米高产稳产气象因子影响的差异性分析

为了找出豫南夏玉米高产稳产的气象限制因子,趋利避害,增产稳产,选取了豫南驻马店和豫北新乡地形地貌较为相似的两地,从温度、降水、光照几方面进行详细分析和研究.结果表明:豫南温度资源丰富,能满足夏玉米生长发育的需要,但平均温度偏高且温度日较差较小是玉米生长限制因子.豫南45%的年份降水量都远远超过夏玉米全生育期所需要量,洪涝和渍害频发,对玉米产量影响最大.日照对夏玉米产量的影响从属于降水和温度,在降水和温度都正常的情况下,日照越多,增产的潜力越大,但寡照年份不一定减产.和豫北平原相比,光、温、水在豫南夏玉米高产稳产中的限制作用由大到小排序为降水、温度、光照.     

蒸发冷却室外设计计算参数的确定方法

为了确定蒸发冷却用室外设计计算参数,根据目前国内外对蒸发冷却气象参数的研究及现有规范中对空调和通风室外气象参数的规定,综合考虑蒸发冷却空调系统的设计要求,应用现有气象参数数据库中的逐时气象参数对蒸发冷却夏季室外设计计算参数进行了较为系统和深入的探讨。以位于干燥地区、中等湿度地区、高湿度地区的3个代表城市为例,通过3种确定方法得到了代表城市的蒸发冷却用室外设计计算参数。     

城市初中生暑期身体素质变化特征研究

随着中考体育加试与国家体质测试的开展,中小学生身体素质问题越来越受到社会各界人士的关注。本文通过文献资料法、测验法、数据统计法对合肥市城区某初中2012级学生和2013级学生在暑期期间的身体素质变化特征进行了研究。研究结果表明,经过2014年暑期后,两个年级的学生在速度素质、力量素质、耐力素质及柔韧素质均有一定程度的变化,其中速度素质、力量素质、耐力素质下降明显。     

Response of the East Asian summer monsoon to large volcanic eruptions during the last millennium

The responses of the East Asian summer monsoon （EASM） to large volcanic eruptions were analyzed using a millennial simulation with the FGOALS-gl climate system model. The model was driven by both natural （solar irradiance, volcanic eruptions） and anthro- pogenic （greenhouse gases, sulfate aerosols） forcing agents. The results showed cooling anomalies after large volcanic eruptions almost on a global scale. The cooling over the continental region is stronger than that over the ocean. The precipitation generally decreases in the tropical and subtropical regions in the first summer after large volcanic eruptions. Cooling with amplitudes up to -0.3 ℃ is seen over eastern China in the first summer after large volcanic eruptions. The East Asian continent is dominated by northeasterly wind anomalies and the corresponding summer rainfall exhibits a coherent reduction over the whole of eastern China. An analysis of the surface heat flux suggested the reduction in summer precipitation over eastern China can be attributed to a decrease of moisture vapor over the tropical oceans, and the weakening of the EASM may be attributed to the reduced land-sea thermal contrast after large volcanic eruptions.     

河南省夏季气候生态适宜性区划

以河南省67个气象站点1982-2003年的气象资料为依据,对河南夏季的气候生态适宜性进行分析,结果表明:全省大部分地区夏季气候均较适宜,尤其是西部栾川、卢氏一带,适宜性指数大于0.7,这与其地势海拔较高有比较大的关系.对比山区资料得出,河南海拔高于600 m的山区夏季气候凉爽宜人,适于避暑.同时,用日平均、旬平均、月平均值计算夏季气候适宜性,并对其进行对比分析,得出了适宜性计算时应采用日平均资料的结论.