SKLOF:一种新的超新星候选范围约减算法

超新星是宇宙学中的“标准烛光”, 其在星系中爆发的概率很低, 是一种特殊、稀少的天体, 只有在大量观测的星系数据中才有机会遇到, 而正处于爆发期的超新星会照亮其整个星系从而在观测获得的星系光谱中具有较明显的特征。但是, 目前已发现的超新星数量相对于大量的天体而言又是非常稀少的, 搜寻它们所用的计算时间成为能否进行后续观测的关键, 因此需要寻找高效率的超新星搜寻方法。对超新星候选范围进行约减的LOF算法的时间复杂度较高, 计算量大, 不适用于大规模数据集。为此通过对LOF算法进行改进, 提出了一种在海量星系光谱中快速约减超新星候范围的新方法(SKLOF)。首先对光谱数据集中离中心点近的数据点进行数据剪枝, 剪掉那些肯定不是超新星候选体的光谱数据对象, 然后利用改进的LOF算法计算剩余的光谱数据的孤立性因子并降序排列进行离群搜索, 最后获得超新星候选体的较小的搜索范围以便进行后续的证认。实验结果表明, 该算法十分有效, 不仅在精确度上有所提高, 而且相比于LOF算法还进一步缩短了算法的运行时间, 提高了算法的执行效率。     

光束相干合成中填充因子对远场光强分布的影响

理论推导了相干光束阵列远场光强分布的解析表达式.介绍了填充因子及五种相干合成效果评价参数的定义.分析了填充因子对远场光强分布的影响,发现填充因子通过影响空间调制因子来改变远场光强分布.求得了相干合成效果评价参数与填充因子的关系式,并绘制了关系曲线.计算结果表明,斯特列尔比与填充因子无关,恒为1;中央主瓣半径与填充因子成正比关系;中央主瓣能量密度受填充因子的影响较小;中央主瓣能量比与填充因子的平方成近似正比关系;桶中功率与填充因子的关系很复杂,但总体上随着填充因子的√减小而减小.分析显示,若要保证中央主瓣能量比和PIB值均大于最佳值的一半,则填充因子应大于2/2.     

T-shaped channel drop filter based on photonic crystal ring resonator

Photonic crystal ring resonators are promising candidates for realizing all optical filters with acceptable transmission efficiency and quality factor values. In this paper, by putting a12-fold quasi crystal at the middle of on 7 × 7 square cavity we created a ring resonator structure and designed a T-shaped channel drop filter. The drop wavelength of our filter is at 1551 nm, with transmission efficiency and quality factor equal to 90% and 387. Our structure is composed of dielectric rods immersed in air. Because in this kind of structures the dominant band gap is in TM mode, all of our simulations have been done in TM mode. The total footprint of our filter is 242.4 μm², which makes it suitable for all optical integrated circuits.     

Sonoporation-mediated transduction of siRNA ameliorated experimental arthritis using 3 MHz pulsed ultrasound

The goal of this feasibility study was to examine whether sonoporation assisted transduction of siRNA could be used to ameliorate arthritis locally. If successful, such approach could provide an alternative treatment for the patients that have or gradually develop adverse response to chemical drugs. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) produced by synovial fibroblasts has an important role in the pathology of rheumatoid arthritis, inducing inflammation and bone destruction. In this study, we injected a mixture of microbubbles and siRNA targeting TNF-α (siTNF) into the articular joints of rats, and transduced siTNF into synovial tissue by exposure to a collimated ultrasound beam, applied through a probe 6 mm in diameter with an input frequency of 3.0 MHz, an output intensity of 2.0 W/cm² (spatial average temporary peak; SATP), a pulse duty ratio of 50%, and a duration of 1 min. Sonoporation increased skin temperature from 26.8 °C to 27.3 °C, but there were no adverse effect such as burns. The mean level of TNF-α expression in siTNF-treated knee joints was 55% of those in controls. Delivery of siTNF into the knee joints every 3 days (i.e., 7, 10, 13, and 16 days after immunization) by in vivo sonoporation significantly reduced paw swelling on days 20–23 after immunization. Radiographic scores in the siTNF group were 56% of those in the CIA group and 61% of those in the siNeg group. Histological examination showed that the number of TNF-α positive cells was significantly lower in areas of pannus invasion into the ankle joints of siTNF- than of siNeg-treated rats. These results indicate that transduction of siTNF into articular synovium using sonoporation may be an effective local therapy for arthritis.     

A Monte Carlo method for an objective Bayesian procedure

This paper describes a method for an objective selection of the optimal prior distribution, or for adjusting its hyper-parameter, among the competing priors for a variety of Bayesian models. In order to implement this method, the integration of very high dimensional functions is required to get the normalizing constants of the posterior and even of the prior distribution. The logarithm of the high dimensional integral is reduced to the one-dimensional integration of a cerain function with respect to the scalar parameter over the range of the unit interval. Having decided the prior, the Bayes estimate or the posterior mean is used mainly here in addition to the posterior mode. All of these are based on the simulation of Gibbs distributions such as Metropolis' Monte Carlo algorithm. The improvement of the integration's accuracy is substantial in comparison with the conventional crude Monte Carlo integration. In the present method, we have essentially no practical restrictions in modeling the prior and the likelihood. Illustrative artificial data of the lattice system are given to show the practicability of the present procedure.     

含内裂纹的有限圆盘的平面问题

本文用弹性理论复变函数方法讨论了在内部任意位置含直线裂纹的有限圆盘在一般载荷作用下的平面问题,得到了复应力函数和应力强度因子用级数表示的一般表达式,并对此问题讨论了三种特殊情形,即裂纹受均布压应力,均布剪应力和圆盘匀速旋转的情形,其中还给出了计算应力强度因子的近似式.计算结果表明,对位于圆盘内部且不靠近外边界的中、小裂纹,这些近似式给出好的或较好的近似.     

三维荧光光谱-平行因子法解析再生水补给人工湿地DOM的光谱特征

采用三维荧光光谱技术和平行因子分析,对北方某潜流-表流复合人工湿地水体中溶解性有机质(DOM)的光谱特征、演变过程及其来源进行研究,以期为深入理解人工湿地的作用机理和污染物溯源提供科学依据.结果表明,人工湿地中各阶段的出水呈现相似的三维荧光特性,均出现明显的类腐殖质尖峰和类蛋白峰,但强度有所不同.混凝沉淀对类蛋白和类腐...     

不同水文情形下巢湖有色可溶性有机物来源及分布特征

于2018年1月(枯水)、4月(平水)、7月(丰水)对巢湖开展野外观测,探讨不同水文条件下有色可溶性有机物(CDOM)的光谱组成结构及分布特征.结果表明丰水期巢湖溶解性有机碳(DOC)均值(3.90±0.40)mg·L-1与枯水期均值(3.89±0.19)mg·L-1无显著差异(t-test,p>0.05),丰水期S2...     

Microwave absorption properties regulation and bandwidth formula of oriented Y2Fe17N3-δ@SiO2/PU composite synthesized by reduction-diffusion method

As concepts closely related to microwave absorption properties, impedance matching and phase matching were rarely combined with material parameters to regulate properties and explore related mechanisms. In this work, reduction-diffusion method was innovatively applied to synthesize rare earth alloy Y$_{2}$Fe$_{17}$. In order to regulate the electromagnetic parameters of absorbers, the Y$_{2}$Fe$_{17}$N$_{3-\delta }$ particles were coated with silica (Y$_{2}$Fe$_{17}$N$_{3-\delta }$@SiO$_{2}$) and absorbers with different volume fractions were prepared. The relationship between impedance matching, matching thickness, and the strongest reflection loss peak (${\rm RL}_{\rm min}$) was presented obviously. Compared to the microwave absorption properties of Y$_{2}$Fe$_{17}$N$_{3-\delta }$/PU absorber, Y$_{2}$Fe$_{17}$N$_{3-\delta }$@SiO$_{2}$/PU absorbers are more conducive to the realization of microwave absorption material standards which are thin thickness, light weight, strong absorbing intensity, and broad bandwidth. Based on microwave frequency bands, the microwave absorption properties of the absorbers were analyzed and the related parameters were listed. As an important parameter related to perfect matching, reflection factor ($\sqrt {ărepsilon_{\rm r}/\mu_{\rm r}}$) was discussed combined with microwave amplitude attenuation. According to the origin and mathematical model of bandwidth, the formula of EAB (${\rm RL}<-10$ dB) was derived and simplified. The calculated bandwidths agreed well with experimental results.     

A Study on Consumers’ Visual Image Evaluation of Wrist Wearables

This study aimed to investigate consumers’ visual image evaluation of wrist wearables based on Kansei engineering. A total of 8 representative samples were screened from 99 samples using the multidimensional scaling (MDS) method. Five groups of adjectives were identified to allow participants to express their visual impressions of wrist wearable devices through a questionnaire survey and factor analysis. The evaluation of eight samples using the five groups of adjectives was analyzed utilizing the triangle fuzzy theory. The results showed a relatively different evaluation of the eight samples in the groups of “fashionable and individual” and “rational and decent”, but little distinction in the groups of “practical and durable”, “modern and smart” and “convenient and multiple”. Furthermore, wrist wearables with a shape close to a traditional watch dial (round), with a bezel and mechanical buttons (moderate complexity) and asymmetric forms received a higher evaluation. The acceptance of square- and elliptical-shaped wrist wearables was relatively low. Among the square- and rectangular-shaped wrist wearables, the greater the curvature of the chamfer, the higher the acceptance. Apparent contrast between the color of the screen and the casing had good acceptance. The influence of display size on consumer evaluations was relatively small. Similar results were obtained in the evaluation of preferences and willingness to purchase. The results of this study objectively and effectively reflect consumers’ evaluation and potential demand for the visual images of wrist wearables and provide a reference for designers and industry professionals.