菌丝内生细菌及其宿主真菌共生体系研究进展

微生物共生普遍存在于自然界中，真菌-细菌联合体能以多种方式相互作用，共同发挥各种生态功能。有些细菌驻留在真菌菌丝内部，借以调控真菌的生长、发育、分布和次级代谢过程，这些细菌被称为菌丝内生细菌（endohyphal bacteria, EHB）。EHB的研究揭开了微生物生态学的一个新篇章，是真菌与细菌共生关系中最紧密的代表。在逆境条件下，EHB可以调节寄主生殖机制相关的关键成分或步骤，诱导植物激素类物质的产生，对寄主真菌具有辅助性保护作用。研究最深入的真菌-EHB共生体系是植物致病性根霉菌Rhizopus sp.与伯克霍尔德氏菌Burkholderia sp.，引起水稻幼苗枯萎病所必需的植物毒素——根霉素是由伯克霍尔德氏菌所产生的，而非寄主根霉菌本身产生的。EHB也会影响定殖于高等植物的内生真菌的生态和多样性。在某些情况下，EHB还有助于激活参与识别、转录调节和初级代谢蛋白合成过程的相关基因。目前已开发出了无菌培养分离EHB的方法，然而对真菌-EHB共生体系的研究尚不够深入。综述了菌丝内生细菌EHB及其与宿主真菌的共生体系，阐述这些伴侣之间复杂微妙的相互关系，以及EHB对宿主真菌和宿主植物生长和发育的影响，并对该领域的研究方向提出了建议。     

一个包含Smarandache Ceil函数的对偶函数的方程

利用初等方法研究了一个包含Smarandache Ceil函数Sk(n)的对偶函数-Sk(n),给出了当k=6时方程-S6(1)+-S6(2)+…+-S6(n)=6Ω(n)的具体正整数解。     

3维Maxwell方程局部1维多辛格式的能量恒等式

在理想导体边界条件下,对3维Maxwell方程的局部1维多辛Preissman格式的能量守恒性质进行研究.运用能量分析法推导了2个能量恒等式,这些恒等式说明了给出的格式在所定义的离散范数下是能量守恒和无条件稳定的,数值算例验证了结论的正确性.     

Crystallization of Poly(ethylene adipate) within γ-Phase Poly(vinylidene fluoride) Matrix

The effects of PEA on the γ-phase PVDF crystal structure and the crystallization of PEA within the pre-existing γ-phase PVDF spherulites have been investigated by optical microscopy(OM), infrared spectroscopy(IR) and scanning electron microscopy(SEM). The results demonstrate that the γ-phase PVDF spherulites consist of the lamellae exhibiting a highly curved scroll-like morphology and develop preferentially in PEA-rich blend. With increasing PEA concentration, the scroll diameter increases and the scrolls are better separated from each other. PEA crystallizes first in the interspherulitic region and transcrystalline layer develops. Subsequently, the transcrystalline layer of PEA continues to grow within the γ-phase PVDF spherulites, e.g., in the region between the scrolls, until impinging on other PEA transcrystalline layers or spherulites. The crystallization kinetics results indicate that the growth rate of PEA crystals in the intraspherulitic region of γ-phase PVDF shows a positive correlation with content of PEA, but a negative one with the crystallization temperature of γ-phase PVDF.     

论《熊出没》中的动画角色设计

动画片《熊出没》不仅获得了极高的收视率，还获得了“金猴奖”中动画系列片金奖和动画形象金奖两个重量级奖项。该动画片成功的关键在于动画角色的塑造，通过三个主要角色：聪明的熊大、好吃懒做的熊二及顶着大光头的伐木工人，角色设定相对单调，但仍然受到大众的喜爱，原因就在于“创意”独特，符合受众的感知能力，满足了受众群体的视觉需求。在形象塑造上通过故事情节现代化的演绎、夸张动作安排、独特的地方口音和流行化语言风格等富有人性化的艺术表现形式，刻画了三个角色的性格，符合读者的审美期待，实现了虚拟动画和真实受众之间的沟通。     

一类指数Diophantine方程的解的唯一性

给出并证明了指数Diophantine方程2^x+3^x+a=5^x+b(x,a,b∈N,a>b且a,b为常数）的解的唯一性.     

Quinazoline Derivatives Designed as Efflux Pump Inhibitors: Molecular Modeling and Spectroscopic Studies

Multidrug resistance of bacteria is a worrying concern in the therapeutic field and an alternative method to combat it is designing new efflux pump inhibitors (EPIs). This article presents a molecular study of two quinazoline derivatives, labelled BG1189 and BG1190, proposed as EPIs. In silico approach investigates the pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic profile of BG1189 and BG1190 quinazolines. Molecular docking and predicted ADMET features suggest that BG1189 and BG1190 may represent attractive candidates as antimicrobial drugs. UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy was employed to study the time stability of quinazoline solutions in water or in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), in constant environmental conditions, and to determine the influence of usual storage temperature, normal room lighting and laser radiation (photostability) on samples stability. The effects of irradiation on BG1189 and BG1190 molecules were also assessed through Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. FTIR spectra showed that laser radiation breaks some chemical bonds affecting the substituents and the quinazoline radical of the compounds.     

TDPAC and first-principles study of electronic and structural properties of a Pd-vacancy complex in undoped germanium

Pd is one of the metals suitable for inducing low-temperature crystallization in Ge. However, it is not clear how residual Pd atoms are integrated into the Ge lattice. Therefore, time-differential γ–γ perturbed angular correlations (TDPAC) technique using the ¹⁰⁰Pd(→¹⁰⁰Rh) nuclear probe produced by recoil implantation has been applied to study the hyperfine interactions of this probe in single-crystalline undoped Ge. A Pd-vacancy complex aligned along the <111> crystallographic direction with a unique interaction frequency of 8.4(5) Mrad/s has been identified. This complex was measured to have a maximum relative fraction of about 76(4)% following annealing at 350 ^°C. Further annealing at higher temperatures reduced this fraction, possibly via dissociation of the complex. Calculations suggest dissociation energy of 1.94(5) eV for the complex. DFT calculations performed in this work are in reasonable good agreement with the experimental values for the electric-field gradient of the defect complex in Ge and Si for comparison. The calculations predict a split-vacancy configuration with the Pd on a bond-centred interstitial site having a nearest-neighbour semi-vacancy on both sides (V-Pd_BI-V) in Ge and Si.