优化快速流程模式对直肠癌患者手术效果的影响

目的分析快速流程模式(FT)对直肠癌手术效果的影响.方法选择100例符合条件的患者,随机分成两组,观察组进行FT,对照组应用传统模式(TC),对比研究两组患者的康复效果并统计两组出现并发症的例数.结果观察组患者的术后住院天数、首次排气时间、首次下床活动时间、首次经口进食时间、首次拔除胃管以及尿管时间均短于TC组,其差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);两组之间首次拔除引流管的时间差异无统计学意义(P0.05);两组患者在吻合口瘘、肠梗阻、切口感染的发生率及总发生率的差异均无统计学意义(P0.05).结论对直肠癌患者围手术期实施快速流程模式,手术效果显著,且并不增加术后并发症,是一种安全有效的方法.     

HnRNP K and PDI marked response to chemotherapy to human colorectal cancer cells

5‐Fluorouracil has been the chemotherapy agent of first‐choice for colorectal cancer for many years, but since there are no proven predictors of a patient's response to therapy, all patients receive similar treatment. Consequently, identification of biomarkers for therapeutic effect is crucial for the development of novel therapeutic strategies. Two human colorectal cancer cell lines of different metastatic potential (LoVo and SW480) were studied. IC50 of 5‐FU for both cell lines were measured by 3‐(4,5‐dimethy‐lthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium assay and validated by cell cycle analysis. Then the cell lines were treated with 5‐FU at IC50 concentration and protein was extracted for 2‐DE. Differential protein spots were examined by MALDI‐TOF/TOF MS. The expression levels of the different proteins were further confirmed by Western blot and immunofluorescence analyses. Eleven proteins were identified. Expression of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K (hnRNP K) in LoVo cells was higher than in SW480 cells, while protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) displayed the opposite trend. After treatment with 5‐FU, the expression of hnRNP K in LoVo decreased more significantly than in SW480, while PDI in SW480 increased more significantly than in LoVo cells. Conclusion: hnRNP K and PDI in the two cell lines have different expression characteristics. The sensitivity to 5‐FU is not consistent in tumor progression. It may assist in development of novel treatment strategies for colorectal cancer metastasis.     

Recent Progress in Mass Spectrometry-based Metabolomics for Colorectal Cancer

Metabolomics, one of the latest omics technologies, is employed to reveal overall metabolic trajectories, identify disease causative mechanisms and provide information for preventive diagnosis and drug targeting. Cancer is a disease known to alter cellular metabolism and so metabolomics can play an important role in the early diagnosis of cancer and in the evaluation of medical interventions and treatments for cancer. Many metabolomics studies rely on high-sensitive and high-throughput mass spectrometry platforms. In recent years, various mass spectrometry(MS) methodologies have been developed and enriched the scope of metabolite detection, contributing to disease studies, such as diabetes, cancer, and depression. Colorectal cancer is the third most diagnosed cancer worldwide and its incidence ranked third in China. This review focuses on the mass spectrometry technologies in metabolomics and summarizes the progress of metabolomics research in colorectal cancer.     

Early detection of viral DNA in breast cancer using fingered aluminium interdigitated electrode modified by Streptavidin-biotin tetravalent complex

Human Mammary Tumor Virus (HMTV) or Mouse Mammary Tumor Virus holds similarity as an endogenous onco-retrovirus belongs to retroviridae family, predominantly infects the epithelial cell of human as well as mouse. With the recognition of nano-biosensor in nanotechnology, ideal interdigitated electrode (IDE) was genuinely performed for HMTV detection. Aluminium enriched IDE (AlIDE) was fabricated for high performance detection with a cost-effective photolithography technique. In this research, (3-glycidyloxypropyl) trimethoxysilane refined platform was selected to detect the conductivity with HMTV target DNA interaction on the designed AlIDE. Strong binding affinity of streptavidin-biotin with target DNA enhanced the sensitivity by empowering higher number of HMTV probe and target complementation on sensing surface. Furthermore, the target DNA was immobilized on probe modified AlIDE and a quantitative value of 100 aM attained as a lowest detection. A linear with dose-dependent duplex formation was shown with the regression coefficient value of 0.964. Negative control has shown insignificant detection at 10 pM, which justifies the higher fold discrimination with specificity. The excellence of AlIDE performance in detection of HMTV may pave the way for more verification on other diseases.     

Synthesis and cytotoxicity of novel cholesterol–cobalt bis(dicarbollide) conjugates

The novel conjugates of cholesterol with cobalt – bis(dicarbollide) were synthesized by the ring-opening reactions of the cyclic oxonium derivatives of [3,3′-Co(C₂B₉H₁₁)₂]^– with the OH group of cholesterol 2-hydroxyethyl ether. The compounds obtained were tested for toxicity to glioblastoma U-87 MG cells and human embryo fibroblasts FECH-15 cells     

Advances towards Cell-Specific Gene Transfection: A Small-Molecule Approach Allows Order-of-Magnitude Selectivity

A transfection vector that can home in on tumors is reported. Whereas previous vectors that allow moderately cell selective gene transfection used larger systems, this small-molecule approach paved the way for precise structure-activity relationship optimization. For this, biotin, which mediates cell selectivity, was combined with the potent DNA-binding motif tetralysine-guanidinocarbonypyrrol via a hydrophilic linker, thus enabling SAR-based optimization. The new vector mediated biotin receptor (BR)-selective transfection of cell lines with different BR expression levels. Computer-based analyses of microscopy images revealed a preference of one order of magnitude for the BR-positive cell lines over the BR-negative controls.     

Synthesis of 29H,31H-phthalocyanine and chloro (29H,31H-phthalocyaninato) aluminum derivatives showed anti-cancer and anti-bacterial actions

Continuous administration of most chemotherapeutic drugs can induce different types of side effects. There has been growing interest in exploring an alternative approach to synthesizing compounds that are most effective and have fewer side effects. We synthesized 29H,31H-Phthalocyanine, and Chloro (29H,31H- phthalocyaninato) aluminum at low temperatures using lithium in the present study with diisopropylamide as the nucleophile. The physical characteristics of 29H,31H-Phthalocyanine, and Chloro (29H,31H- phthalocyaninato) aluminum were confirmed by FT-IR method, XRD, SEM, and the impact of these compounds on human colorectal carcinoma (HCT-116) and human cervical cells (HeLa) was examined. Treatment with 29H,31H-Phthalocyanine significantly decreased cancer cell growth and proliferation, as determined by MTT and DAPI staining analysis. In contrast, Chloro (29H,31H- phthalocyaninato) aluminum treatment did not show any inhibitory action on colon or cervical cancer cells. We also calculated the inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 29H,31H-Phthalocyanine, which was 30 µg/ml (HCT-116) and 33 µg/ml (HeLa cells). The antibacterial effectiveness of 29H,31H-Phthalocyanine, and chloro (29H,31H- phthalocyaninato) aluminum was studied using Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis). The CFU (colony frequency unit) assay confirmed significant activity against the test bacterium after treatment with 29H,31H-Phthalocyanine. However, no activity was seen upon treatment with chloro (29H,31H- phthalocyaninato) aluminum against E. faecalis.     

Visnagin inhibits cervical cancer cells proliferation through the induction of apoptosis and modulation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR and MAPK signaling pathway

Cervical cancer, a silent killer is a second most common type of malignant tumor detected in women’s world wide. In modern medicine the usage of phytochemicals to develop drugs for treating various chronic diseases is rapidly increasing. One such phytochemical is visnagin, a furanochrome present in fruits of Ammi visnaga. We investigated the anticarcinogenic potency of visnagin against human cervical carcinoma cells. The antioxidant potency of visnagin was analyzed with FRAP assay, DPPH assay, Chemiluminscence assay and ORAC assay. The cytotoxic effect of visnagin on normal epithelial Vero cells and human cervical cancer HeLa cells were analyzed using MTT assay. The effect of visnagin on antioxidant system was examined by measuring the levels of TBARS, SOD and GSH using the colorimetric assay techniques. DCFH-DA staining, AO/EtBr staining, propidium iodide staining was performed to assess the apoptotic induction potency of visnagin against cervical cancer cells. The ability of visnagin to inhibit cancer cell migration was examined with scratch wound assay. The anticarcinogenic property of visnagin was confirmed by analyzing the gene expression of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling proteins and MAPK signaling proteins using qPCR analysis. Visnagin exhibited increased Trolox equivalent value in all the four antioxidant potency estimating experiments. Visnagin induced cytotoxic effect only on carcinoma cells, decreased the antioxidants and increased the generation of ROS. It also induced apoptosis and inhibited the cancer cell migration. The qPCR analysis confirms visnagin decreases the gene expression cell cycle regulating protein of both PI3K/AKT/mTOR and MAPK pathway. Overall our results authentically prove visnagin inhibits the progression of cervical cancer in vitro. Therefore it can be an ideal drug of choice which can subject to further investigation for treating cervical cancer.     

Application of organometallic chemistry in the formulation of a modern therapeutic drug by Ag nanoparticles green-mediated by Allium to treat the breast cancer

In the recent study, we decided to survey the capacities of metallic nanoparticles formulated by Allium monanthum (AgNPs) as a novel chemotherapeutic drug in the treatment of several types of breast cancers. Characterization of AgNPs was done by UV–Visible Spectroscopy (UV–Vis), Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy (FT‐IR), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE‐SEM). For investigating the antioxidant properties of AgNO₃, Allium monanthum, and AgNPs, the DPPH test was used in the presence of butylated hydroxytoluene as the positive control. To survey the cytotoxicity and anti-breast cancer effects of AgNO₃, Allium monanthum, and AgNPs, MTT assay was used on the breast adenocarcinoma (MCF7), breast carcinoma (Hs 578Bst), infiltrating ductal cell carcinoma (Hs 319.T), infiltrating lobular carcinoma of breast (UACC-3133), inflammatory carcinoma of the breast (UACC-732), and metastatic carcinoma (MDA-MB-453) cell lines. DPPH test revealed similar antioxidant potentials for Allium monanthum, AgNPs, and butylated hydroxytoluene. Silver nanoparticles had very low cell viability and anti-breast cancer properties dose-dependently against MCF7, Hs 578Bst, Hs 319.T, UACC-3133, UACC-732, and MDA-MB-453 cell lines without any cytotoxicity on the normal cell line. The best result of anti-breast cancer properties of AgNPs against the above cell lines was seen in the case of the UACC-3133 cell line. According to the above findings, the silver nanoparticles containing Allium monanthum aqueous extract can be administrated in humans for the treatment of several types of breast cancer especially breast adenocarcinoma, breast carcinoma, infiltrating ductal cell carcinoma, infiltrating lobular carcinoma of breast, inflammatory carcinoma of the breast, and metastatic carcinoma.     

Fluorinated azole anticancer drugs: Synthesis,elaborated structure elucidation and docking studies

The present article deals with the synthesis of novel nano-sized fluorinated thiazoles and studying their anticancer potentiality. The targeted azoles could be accessed via trifluoro-methylated thiosemicarbazone (3) prepared by reaction of with thiosemicarbazide in acidic solution of ethanol. The latter a fluorinated building block (3) have been reacted with appropriate derivatives of a-halo compounds namely, N-aryl 2-oxopropane-hydrazonoyl chlorides 4a-f using dioxane containing TEA as base catalyst. Also, the reaction between N-(4-(1-(2-carbamothioylhydrazineylidene)ethyl)phenyl)-2,2,2-trifluoroacetamide (3) and chloroacetonitrile 8 under the same experimental conditions furnished the corresponding amino thiazole derivative 11. In the same manner the base catalyzed cyclocondensation reaction between N-(4-(1-(2-carbamothioylhydrazineylidene)ethyl)phenyl)-2,2,2-trifluoroacetamide (3) and phenacyl bromide derivatives 12a-d afforded the corresponding thiazoles 13a-d in good yield. The structure of all synthesized thiazole derivatives as well as their mechanistic pathways were studied based on spectral data analysis and physical characteristics. The nanosized products were confirmed by using XRD analysis. Moreover, twelve samples were submitted for evaluation of their cytotoxicity activities against MDA-MB-231 (breast cancer cell) using colorimetric MTT assay, in comparison with Cisplatin standard drug. Two nano-sized thiosemicarbazone derivative 3 and the thiazole derivative 7c showed potent activity with IC₅₀ = 7.7 and 2.97 µg/ml, respectively in compared with the IC₅₀ = 4.33 µg/ml of cisplatin. The nanosized thiazole derivative 7c was more potent than cisplatin. Also, two thiazole derivatives 13b and 7b showed good activity with IC₅₀ = 13.4 and 14.9 µg/ml. In addition, the molecular docking studies have been achieved using 4hy0, (X-chromosome-linked- inhibitor of apoptosis protein; (XIAP)).