Influence on elemental status by hip-endoprostheses

For many clinical purposes various artificial devices are applied, which contact human tissue and can thus cause adverse reactions between prosthetic surfaces and body components. Of the many materials applied for orthopaedic joint replacements the most common are cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloys. In these cases considerable amounts of cobalt-chromium-molybdenum wear particles are released from the prostheses which have to be regarded as a cause of long-time problems for the patient.Since these particles are dissolved in body fluids of the surrounding area they are distributed in the whole body via blood. Elevated metal concentrations have been found in blood and urine of persons with endoprostheses. Partly the metals are excreted via urine, but to some extend they accumulate in different organs.Therefore this study dealt with the development of an analytical method for the determination of seven relevant trace elements, namely Al, Co, Cr, Mo, Nb, Ni, and Ti in nine kinds of human tissue (brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, muscle, lymphatic nodes, spleen, body fat) starting with drawing of the sample, sample work up and finally analysis by means of atomic spectrometry. The optimized method was then applied to determine the metal contents in organs of persons (post mortem) with total hip replacements with metal on metal bearing surfaces. Comparison of the data obtained with those of persons without hip-endoprostheses shows that brain and lung are the main targets for elemental accumulation in persons with hip-endoprostheses. Mo and Nb represent the elements with the highest tendency to be accumulated.     

Protective effects of vitamin E against CCl<Subscript>4</Subscript>-induced hepatotoxicity in rabbits

The influence of CCl₄ on the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), the value of the total antioxidant status (TAS), and the concentration of malonic dialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) was monitored in plasma or whole blood of rabbits. The administration of CCl₄ caused the increase of the SOD activity to approximately 150 % and the decrease in the activity of GPx and GR by about 50 %. These changes were accompanied with the increase in TAS value and MDA concentration and the decrease of GSH concentration. The effect of CCl₄ was suppressed by the previous 7 days lasting or simultaneous administration of vitamin E. Oxidative stress caused by CCl₄ was accompanied by the development of reactive oxygen forms, especially superoxide radical anion.     

单纯性肥胖儿童肥胖影响因素及其健康状况的配对研究

以２２３２名小学生为研究对象，分层随机抽样得到１０￣１２岁单纯性肥胖儿童５０人，进行１：１配对。采用条件Ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ回归模型研究了儿童单纯性肥胖的危险因素，并用配对方法比较了肥胖儿童的健康状况。结果表明：儿童单纯性肥胖的主要危险为饮食量大、进食速度快、不喜欢体育运动和父母均肥胖，其中饮食量的相对危险度最大（ＲＲ＝３８．６３３５）；肥胖儿童的体重、上臂部和背部皮脂厚度、收缩压、舒张压都极其显著地     

Fluorogenic Probes Applied to the Study of Induced Oxidative Stress in the Human Leukemic HL60 Cell Line

Development of microspectrofluorometric methods using specific fluorogenic probes has provided precious help in studying in situ oxidative stress and cellular protective systems. The aim of this study was to determine ROS production concomitantly with a modification of the intracellular thiol pool after applying an oxidative stress to a nonadherent cell model represented by the HL60 cell line. The dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (H₂DCFDA) probe assessed the kinetic production of ROS by cells submitted to the chemical oxidant t-butylhydroperoxide with a high signal/noise ratio. The probe sensitivity permitted us to detect endogenous ROS production in HL60 cells and the protective effect of N-acetyl cysteine against ROS. The chloromethylfluorescein diacetate probe (CMFDA) permitted us to evaluate the thiol depleting effect of N-ethyl maleimide. Complete thiol depletion was associated with a moderate increase in ROS production. The cell viability was determined with calcein-AM, which gave results similar to those with the tetrazolium dye. This probe was not affected by intracellular pH and did not required an extraction step, unlike tetrazolium dye. In conclusion, cell-permeant fluorogenic probes are useful and sensitive tools to determine in situ ROS production concomitantly with consecutive change in the thiol system in a living and non-adherent cell model.     

中国船舶避难场所研究

阐述船舶避难场所制度对海洋环境、周边居民的安全、沿岸国经济和社会利益产生的潜在影响,介绍中国针对该制度在立法和管理框架上的现状,给出一系列针对船舶避难场所制度的建议,包括建立一个综合的海事机构,修改现行法律,建立损害赔偿基金,预先指定避难场所,建立国家层面的海事数据库,引入海事交通控制图像监控体系等.     

平顶山市产业结构现状分析

通过分析平顶山市的主要产业部门，指出了平顶山市产业结构的现状特征及存在的问题，指明了本市产业结构调整的方向     

安徽省高校艺术设计专业师资现状调查与分析

采用问卷调查、数理统计、访谈和逻辑分析等方法，对安徽省高校艺术设计专业师资现状进行研究。研究表明：在安徽省高校艺术设计专业教师中，35周岁以下的人数比例较大、主讲教师的人数比例偏低、高学历和高职称的人数比例极小、美术学及其他专业的人数比例偏高和来自省内综合院校的人数比例较高等结构不够合理现象。建议有关高校聘请社会上或其他学校一些行业专家、学术专家做客座教授或兼职教师，加大对高学历、高职称人才的引进力度，注重吸收省外综合院校和艺术类院校的毕业生，建立合理的劳务分配和人事管理激励机制等方面入手，切实改善艺术设计专业的师资现状。     

计算机联锁控制系统数学模型的研究

利用现代控制理论与系统工程学的方法，研究计算机联锁控制系统建立数学模型的方法．系统建模后，利用状态树的方法把系统的全部状态过程分解为若干个子过程，针对每一个过程，建立起系统的解析模型．根据解析模型，选择适当的编程语言，可将系统模型表达为计算机程序模型．这样的系统建模方法与解析方式，能够准确地描述计算机联锁控制系统的全部动态过程以及表达各个变量之间的复杂关系，从而使计算机联锁控制系统编程标准化，同时也为系统功能的检测提供了依据．     

矽肺病人的免疫状态

本文检查了矽肺病人的多种免疫状态,发现患者同围血中T细胞百分率平均值比对照组显著降低,而B细胞百分率呈有意义增高;血清蛋白、r、α_1、α_2球蛋白有随病程进展而增高趋势;血清免疫球蛋白IgG和IgA含量的增高亦与病程相一致,至Ⅱ期矽肺二者含量增高显著,但IgM含量未见明显变化,仅在矽肺合并结核组,IgG、IgA、和IgM含量呈明显增高;患者组类风湿因子(RF)和抗核抗体(ANA)合并阳性率(24.5％)比接尘组(13.3％)为高;血中循环免疫复合物(CIC)阳性检出率较高,但Ⅰ期矽肺组与对照组相比,未呈统计学差别;患者血中总补体(CH_(50))和C_8含量未见明显变化。根据患者的T细胞检出率降低,B细胞增高、体液免疫结果与细胞免疫相一致,均和病程进展而呈现规律性变化,以及自身抗体增高等免疫现象,似与自身免疲性疾病有类同之处。随着杂交瘤技术的广泛应用,联系近年国外关于石棉肺免疫学研究,对T细胞亚群变化进行了讨论,这方面的深入研究,对阐明矽肺发病机理是有意义的。对矽肺免疫的进一步研究,从实验设计上也提出了有益的建议。     

Status quo of English Teaching and Learning in a Local County Senior High School in China

The past two decades witnessed great changes in therealm of English teaching. Language teaching theorists haveshifted their focus of attention from teaching to learning,tryingto give a central position to the learners,rather than the teacherby advocating ideas like humanistic language teaching andlearner autonomy etcetera. And developments in languageteaching theory itself have already demonstrated their influenceupon policy makers,having led to formulation and nationwideadoption of more human…