注氮不锈钢耐酸腐蚀行为研究

在 ８０ ｋｅＶ能量下．将不同剂量的氮离子注入到 １Ｃｒ１８Ｎｉ９Ｔｉ不锈钢表面；用电 化学及物理表面分析等方法研究了注氮不锈钢在混酸介质中表面耐蚀改性机理。结果 表明：不锈钢经氮离子表面改性注入后，其耐蚀改性能力随注入剂量的不同而差异较 大。适当的氮离子注入使材料的极化电阻提高；维钝电流密度下降；表面有非晶层产 生，使材料耐蚀性大大提高。当注入剂量较大时，表面层形成弥散的氮化物相，导致 耐蚀性下降。     

AISI 321奥氏体不锈钢的应变硬化行为、应变速率敏感性及热变形图

Hot compression tests were performed on AISI 321 austenitic stainless steel in the deformation temperature range of 800–1200°C and constant strain rates of 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, and 1 s?1. Hot flow curves were used to determine the strain hardening exponent and the strain rate sensitivity exponent, and to construct the processing maps. Variations of the strain hardening exponent with strain were used to predict the microstructural evolutions during the hot deformation. Four variations were distinguished reflecting the different microstructural changes. Based on the analysis of the strain hardening exponent versus strain curves, the microstructural evolutions were dynamic recovery, single and multiple peak dynamic recrystallization, and interactions between dynamic recrystallization and precipitation. The strain rate sensitivity variations at an applied strain of 0.8 and strain rate of 0.1 s?1 were compared with the microstructural evolutions. The results demonstrate the existence of a reliable correlation between the strain rate sensitivity values and evolved microstructures. Additionally, the power dissipation map at the applied strain of 0.8 was compared with the resultant microstructures at predetermined deformation conditions. The microstructural evolutions strongly correlated to the power dissipation ratio, and dynamic recrystallization occurred completely at lower power dissipation ratios.     

南海东部海域不锈钢紧固件的腐蚀失效分析

【目的】为配合南海东部海区的海洋环境调查,研究该海区不锈钢紧固件发生的腐蚀现象。【方法】使用奥氏体不锈钢紧固件,利用海洋平台钢桩和不锈钢钢缆紧固相应的调查设备,通过一年的海试,检查该类不锈钢紧固件的腐蚀情况。【结果】不锈钢紧固件腐蚀严重,不同形状的材料腐蚀部位和程度不同。不锈钢的腐蚀主要表现为点蚀和隙缝腐蚀等局部腐蚀,严重时穿孔、断裂失效。【结论】建议在海洋金属结构中尽量使用同牌号同批次的同种金属材料,以确保材料电极电势相同,减小宏观电池的形成;若确实需要使用异种金属,必须对异种材料间进行电绝缘。     

一种1Cr18Ni9不锈钢基片PTC厚膜电路的实现方法

为了将PTC(positive temperature coefficieat)电子浆料以厚膜电路的形式制备在不锈钢基片上,并把不锈钢本体作为散热器,引出电极利用PTC效应制成可控电热元件.方法:提出基于1Cr18Ni 9不锈钢基片的PTC厚膜电路的组成结构,并根据1Cr18Ni 9的膨胀系数和电路元件的电气特性实现了厚膜电路PTC电子浆料的应用设计技术.结果显示以PTC厚膜电路材料组成的可控电热元件,其功率密度高达200 W/cm2;其电阻膜层的表面加热速度可达200-300℃/s;其使用寿命达到1 万小时以上.可见与传统的电热合金材料、陶瓷基片加热器以及元件组合的加热器相比,本实现技术电路具有功率密度大、响应速度快、加热温度可控等优点.     

循环软化45碳钢和循环硬化304不锈钢的棘轮行为实验研究

对循环软化45碳钢的单轴应力循环下的平均应力、应力幅值以及先前应变循环对棘轮效应的影响进行了实验研究;并对循环硬化的304不锈钢进行了多种非比例循环加载路径下路径形状、路径等效应力幅值、平均应变与平均应力对材料棘轮变形行为的影响实验.发现平均应力和应力幅值及其历史对于材料的棘轮行为都有很大的影响.     

Anticorrosive and Microbial Inhibition Performance of a Coating Loaded with Andrographis paniculata on Stainless Steel in Seawater

With the trend for green technology, the study focused on utilizing a forgotten herb to produce an eco-friendly coating. Andrographis paniculata or the kalmegh leaves extract (KLE) has been investigated for its abilities in retarding the corrosion process due to its excellent anti-oxidative and antimicrobial properties. Here, KLE was employed as a novel additive in coatings and formulations were made by varying its wt%: 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12. These were applied to stainless steel 316L immersed in seawater for up to 50 days. The samples were characterized and analyzed to measure effectiveness of inhibition of corrosion and microbial growth. The best concentration was revealed to be 6 wt% KLE; it exhibited the highest performance in improving the ionic resistance of the coating and reducing the growth of bacteria.     

H2S环境中UNS J91540不锈钢的电化学行为对SCC的影响

应用慢应变速率拉伸试验和电化学方法研究了湿硫化氢溶液中UNS J91450不锈钢的电化学行为对应力腐蚀开裂的影响.结果表明,本实验条件下UNS J91540不锈钢具有较高的SCC敏感性,并随着溶液pH的降低而明显增大.该不锈钢的电化学行为对它的腐蚀开裂(SCC)敏感性具有重要影响.开路电位下该不锈钢的SCC行为同时受氢脆作用和裂纹尖端阳极溶解作用的影响.在pH较低的介质中析氢电流较高而裂纹尖端阳极溶解作用略低,而在pH较高的介质中析氢电流较低而裂纹尖端的阳极溶解作用相对增强.氢脆作用对UNS J91540不锈钢SCC敏感性影响更显著.     

含氮奥氏体钢时效析出Cr2N的数值模拟

研究Fe-24Mn-18Cr-3Ni-0．6N高氮奥氏体钢在1023～1223K温度范围内时效过程中Cr2N的析出规律。根据析出相变热力学和动力学建立Cr2N析出的定量计算的数理模型。利用人工神经网络进行计算和验证,结果是满意的。该数学模型可用于高氮奥氏体钢时效Cr2N析出的计算设计和预测。     

增减材复合制造WC颗粒增强316L不锈钢材料组织性能

基于自主研发的增减材复合工艺技术与装备，探索了激光功率和WC颗粒质量分数对316L不锈钢复合材料致密度、组织演变和表面耐磨性能的影响规律.结果表明:随着WC质量分数的增加，试样致密度呈现先升高后降低的趋势，而硬度和耐磨性能均逐渐提高，过多的WC颗粒会使工件内部产生热裂纹，同时降低了工件的表面质量；当激光功率由270W提高到330W时粉末充分熔化，凝固后未熔合缺陷明显减少.当WC颗粒质量分数为5%、激光功率为330W时，增材件的致密度最高达到99.6%；相比未添加WC颗粒的工件，力学性能、耐磨性能和表面质量等指标均有明显提高.