基于支持向量机的不锈钢冷轧薄板力学性能的预测模型

介绍了支持向量机(SVM)技术中的支持向量机回归模型原理,建立了不锈钢冷轧薄板力学性能预测模型.结果表明,随着训练样本的增加,模型的预测精度也得到提高.证明应用支持向量机构建不锈钢冷轧薄板力学性能预测的数学模型,能较好地解决小样本和模型预测精度间的矛盾,具有较强的泛化能力.     

304奥氏体不锈钢夹杂物的冶金行为

根据热力学计算,结合生产过程实际,研究了Si脱氧条件下304奥氏体不锈钢在LF精炼、连铸过程夹杂物的变化规律.结果表明,钢水中主要形成CaO-Al2O3-SiO2类复合夹杂物,钢水中Al含量随Si含量的降低逐渐减小.当精炼渣碱度R=1.5时,随精炼、连铸过程的进行,复合夹杂物中Al2O3含量逐渐减少,CaO,SiO2含量逐渐增加.终点铸坯夹杂物成分为30%～35%CaO,20%～27%Al2O3,25%～30%SiO2,其他成分含量较少.终点铸坯夹杂物略显碱性,变形能力稍弱.     

BT303CuS易切削不锈钢轧件劈头的研究

对BT303CuS易切削不锈钢热轧过程中产生的轧件头部开裂原因进行了分析,发现轧件劈头与钢中硫化物的形态有关,利用热模拟实验研究了加热温度对轧件硫化物形态变化影响,在此基础上确定出最佳加热温度范围是1200～1280℃.同时采取了控制轧件头部冷却水、使用新型导卫及增设工序飞剪等一系列工艺措施,显著减少了轧制缺陷,中间废品率由5.67%下降到1.38%,使宝钢股份特钢事业部长型材生产线形成批量生产该钢的能力.     

304不锈钢超高周疲劳试验裂尖马氏体相变

采用超声疲劳试验技术对304不锈钢进行了超高周疲劳试验,并用扫描电镜对疲劳断口进行了分析。结果显示304不锈钢在Nf=8.60×108,σα=±206MPa的疲劳断口SEM形貌中的第一裂纹扩展区高倍放大像出现羽毛状片层结构,通过X射线衍射发现在奥氏体峰旁有铁素体峰出现。通过分析推测,304不锈钢超高周疲劳试验形变诱发马氏体相变。     

pH值对高温高压水中304L不锈钢应力腐蚀开裂的影响

在高温高压水环境中,采用慢应变速率拉伸试验方法,研究了不同pH值对304L不锈钢应力腐蚀开裂行为的影响规律,并通过扫描电镜对试样断口形貌进行观察与分析.结果表明:在300℃时,304L不锈钢在弱酸性和弱碱性溶液中的应力腐蚀开裂敏感性较大,且酸性越强,敏感性越大.在中性溶液中,304L不锈钢的强度和塑性损失较小,应力腐蚀敏感性较小,断口分析与之吻合.     

考虑应变非强化区的Ohno本构模型验证分析

对含有塑性应变非强化区的Ohno循环塑性本构方程关于应力、内变量计算和一致切线刚度矩阵计算的过程进行了分析,在此基础上编写了ABAQUS材料用户子程序UMAT。然后用该程序对316L不锈钢材料的应变对称拉压变幅循环、应变非对称拉压变幅循环、应变对称剪切(扭转)变幅循环和轴向拉压棘轮循环等塑性变形过程进行了数值模拟,所得结果合理地反映了材料相应试验过程中的现象。     

316L不锈钢焊缝腐蚀行为的电化学研究

 316L不锈钢以其优良的耐腐蚀性能、加工性能和高抗氧化性能而被广泛应用于核电、石油、化工等领域.316L不锈钢的应用大多需要焊接成型,但焊接过程中化学成分,组织形态和相关性能的改变,使316L不锈钢的耐蚀性能降低,在焊缝接头处以及焊缝部位优先发生腐蚀,严重影响了不锈钢的使用寿命和安全性.本文采用交流阻抗法和阳极极化常规电化学方法,结合课题组自主研发的扫描微电极技术研究316L不锈钢焊缝区的腐蚀行为,探讨钨极氩弧焊和CO₂保护焊两种不同焊接方法对316L不锈钢抗腐蚀能力的影响以及氯离子浓度对焊接样品抗腐蚀能力的影响.结果表明,经过腐蚀电化学方法检测后,焊接样品的耐腐蚀性能较基材样品均发生明显降低,具体表现为氩弧焊焊接样品和CO₂保护焊焊接样品在阳极极化曲线的开裂电位E_b,腐蚀电位E_corr均较基材样品负,钝化区ΔE较基材样品变窄.交流阻抗谱测试得出氩弧焊焊接样品与CO₂保护焊焊接样品的电荷转移电阻R_ct均较基材样品小.同时,通过不同实验分析均表明,在NaCl溶液和FeCl₃溶液中,氩弧焊焊接样品的耐蚀性能较CO₂保护焊焊接样品好.实验结果还表明,随着氯离子浓度的升高,两种焊接样品的耐蚀性能均降低.     

硫化锰夹杂溶解和微生物存在对不锈钢管发生点蚀

结合发电厂凝汽器不锈钢管内壁腐蚀部位分布规律和腐蚀外貌特征,分别对腐蚀部位沉积物、内壁蚀孔附近管材成分进行扫描电子显微镜观察和能谱分析,探讨了管材中MnS溶解与微生物对凝汽器不锈钢管腐蚀的电化学反应机理,发现二者在点蚀形成过程中具有协同作用,并在综合分析影响不锈钢腐蚀的各种因素的基础上,提出了不锈钢凝汽器在运行过程中应采取的防护措施。     

Atom probe tomography analysis of radiation-induced solute clustering in austenite stainless steels

Various types of defects are produced by the irradiation of energetic particles onto a structural material. The large number of mobile vacancies and self-interstitial atoms during irradiation induce defect fluxes and the diffusion of solute atoms in the matrix. The preferential interaction between the solute atoms and radiation-induced defects leads to the enrichment/depletion or clustering of the solutes at defect sinks. In the current work, atom probe tomography (APT) was used for the analysis of radiation-induced solute clustering in ion-irradiated austenite stainless steel 316. Quantitative analysis of the localised clustering of chemical elements was implemented and a parameter selection procedure was proposed. The number density and size distribution of Si clusters in APT specimens irradiated at various temperatures were examined. At high temperature, the number density of the clusters decreased and their size increased. The localized Si atoms in variously shaped defects were clearly identified. The APT method was demonstrated to be suitable for identifying defect structures and for the quantitative analysis of clustering in irradiated specimens.     

Five-parameter crystallographic characteristics of the interfaces formed during ferrite to austenite transformation in a duplex stainless steel

The crystallography of interfaces in a duplex stainless steel having an equiaxed microstructure produced through the ferrite to austenite diffusive phase transformation has been studied. The five-parameter interface character distribution revealed a high anisotropy in habit planes for the austenite–ferrite and austenite–austenite interfaces for different lattice misorientations. The austenite and ferrite habit planes largely terminated on (1 1 1) and (1 1 0) planes, respectively, for the austenite–ferrite interfaces associated with Kurdjumov–Sachs (K–S) and Nishiyama–Wasserman (N–W) orientation relationships. This was mostly attributed to the crystallographic preference associated with the phase transformation. For the austenite–ferrite interfaces with orientation relationships which are neither K–S nor N–W, both austenite and ferrite habit planes had (1 1 1) orientations. Σ3 twin boundaries comprised the majority of austenite–austenite interfaces, mostly showing a pure twist character and terminating on (1 1 1) planes due to the minimum energy configuration. The second highest populated austenite–austenite boundary was Σ9, which tended to have grain boundary planes in the tilt zone due to the geometrical constraints. Furthermore, the intervariant crystallographic plane distribution associated with the K–S orientation relationship displayed a general tendency for the austenite habit planes to terminate with the (1 1 1) orientation, mainly due to the crystallographic preference associated with the phase transformation.