Rapid gas chromatographic analysis of less abundant compounds in distilled spirits by direct injection with ethanol–water venting and mass spectrometric data deconvolution

The principal trace secondary compounds common to fermentation-derived distilled spirits can be rapidly quantified by directly injecting 5 μL of spirit without sample preparation to a narrow-bore 0.15 mm internal diameter capillary column. The ethanol–water is removed in an initial solvent venting step using a programmed temperature vapourization injector, followed by splitless transfer of the target analytes to the column. The larger injection facilitates trace analysis and ethanol–water removal extends column lifetime. Problems of coelution between analytes or with sample matrix were surmounted by using mass spectral deconvolution software for quantification. All operations in the analysis from injection with solvent venting to data reduction are fully automated for unattended sequential sample analysis. The synergy of the various contributory steps combines to offer an effective novel solution for this analysis. Applications include quantification of low ppm amounts of acids and esters and sub-ppm profiling of trace compounds from both the raw material malt and the ageing in wood barrels.     

Direct determination of trace phthalate esters in alcoholic spirits by spray‐inlet microwave plasma torch ionization tandem mass spectrometry

A direct analytical method based on spray‐inlet microwave plasma torch tandem mass spectrometry was applied to simultaneously determine 4 phthalate esters (PAEs), namely, benzyl butyl phthalate, diethyl phthalate, dipentyl phthalate, and dodecyl phthalate with extremely high sensitivity in spirits without sample treatment. Among the 4 brands of spirit products, 3 kinds of PAE compounds were directly determined at very low concentrations from 1.30 to 114 ng·g⁻¹. Compared with other online and off‐line methods, the spray‐inlet microwave plasma torch tandem mass spectrometry technique is extremely simple, rapid, sensitive, and high efficient, providing an ideal screening tool for PAEs in spirits.     

论校园精神在校园文化建设中的作用与地位

高校的财富分为物质财富与精神财富两种，高校的管理者在注重物质财富积累的同时也应当十分注重精神财富的积累，并且注意发挥精神财富在学校建设中的作用，尤其是在校园文化建设中的作用。     

论高职院校班主任的专业精神

适应新时期高职教育的现实诉求,高职院校班主任应具有服务精神、敬业精神、民主精神、进取精神、创新精神等专业精神,这些专业精神不但对启迪学生的思想、培育学生的精神和塑造学生的人格具有重要的作用,而且对于班主任自身的成长以及提升学校声誉都有重要的现实意义。     

唐代诗歌中的月亮意象与时代精神

唐诗中的月亮意象是与时代精神连结在一起的。在初唐、盛唐、中唐、晚唐四个不同的历史阶段，诗人对月亮的感受和反应不同，在月亮中所寄托的情思不同，月亮意象折射出了不同的时代精神。     

《布洛陀》与壮民族文化精神

作为壮族的人文始祖,布洛陀开天地造万物,并带领壮民们进行生产劳动,发明创造,反抗压迫,战胜了恶劣的自然环境和强大的社会力量,使壮民族得以生存与繁衍,发展成一个文明开化的民族。用"非物质文化遗产"的理念来看待布洛陀信仰,不仅可以追溯到壮族精神与中华民族精神源远流长的关系,而且在弘扬壮族精神,增强民族凝聚力,促进壮族经济社会的和谐发展上也将起到重要作用。     

GC/MS-positive ion chemical ionization and MS/MS study of volatile benzene compounds in five different woods used in barrel making

Extracts from acacia, chestnut, cherry, mulberry, and oak wood, used in making barrels for aging wine and spirits were studied by GC/MS positive ion chemical ionization (PICI). Wood chips were extracted by a 50% water/ethanol solution and a tartrate buffer pH 3.2-12% ethanol (model wine) solution. The principal compounds identified in extracts were guaiacol-containing aldehydes and alcohols, such as benzaldehyde and derivatives, vanillin and syringaldehyde, cinnamaldehyde and coniferaldehyde, eugenol and methoxyeugenol, guaiacol and methoxyguaiacol derivatives. PICI using methane as reagent gas produced a high yield of the protonated molecular ion of volatile phenols, compound identification was confirmed by collision-induced-dissociation (CID) experiments on [M + H](+) species. MS/MS fragmentation patterns were studied with standard compounds: guaiacol-containing molecules were characterized by neutral methyl and methanol losses, benzaldehyde derivatives by CO loss. Acacia wood extracts contained significant syringaldehyde and anisaldehyde, but no eugenol and methoxyeugenol. Significant syringaldehyde, eugenol and methoxyeugenol, and high vanillin were found in chestnut and oak wood extracts; low presence of volatile benzene compounds was found in mulberry wood extracts. Cherry wood extracts were characterized by the presence of several benzaldehyde derivatives and high trimethoxyphenol.     

论知识分子的批判精神

知识分子的批判精神是指知识分子所应具有的对社会和自己的思想和言行,以及对其所掌握的知识、理论和实践的反思、检讨、批评、否弃与创新。知识分子要不辱使命,坚定地站在人民的立场上,运用马克思主义的观点和方法,积极从事思维前提的批判、理论的批判和实践的批判,为中国人民的幸福,为中华民族的伟大复兴,为中国特色社会主义理论体系的完善和发展,为了全人类的进步,做出自己应有的贡献。     

大学精神传统传承与优良学风培养

文章论述了大学精神是大学的灵魂和支柱,学风是大学精神的载体和体现,大学精神的式微和失落导致学风不良。端正和培养优良学风,须提振大学精神。提振大学精神,应从大学历史发展的角度重建和弘扬大学精神传统。     

从樱花透视日本民族精神

樱花，纯洁美丽，然而又浓烈绚烂、气势宏大。在日本，樱花被赋与了深厚，沉重，美妙的历史文化的人文精神，深受人们的喜爱。对樱花的热爱体现了哪些日本民族精神呢？本文从日本民族精神的集团主义、武士精神、生死观和审美意识这四个方面进行阐述。