鲕状赤铁矿悬浮焙烧的磁性研究

针对鄂西某鲕状赤铁矿进行悬浮焙烧研究,并采用振动样品磁强计、X射线衍射分析仪、穆斯堡尔谱仪分析还原温度、还原时间、氧化温度、颗粒粒度对焙烧物料磁性和物相组成的影响规律.结果表明:铁矿石经悬浮焙烧后磁性明显增强,且焙烧物料磁性与强磁性铁矿物的含量呈正比.当还原温度为550~650℃时,还原物料的磁化强度和比磁化率随还原温度的升高而升高,超过700℃后则随之降低.延长还原时间可提高还原物料的磁化强度和比磁化率.焙烧物料中γ-Fe2O3含量随氧化温度升高而增加,在氧化温度为350℃时物料中γ-Fe2O3的含量达到最大值.当焙烧物料颗粒粒度小于15μm时,颗粒的磁化强度和比磁化率随之降低,而剩磁和矫顽力则随之增加.     

细粒菱铁矿、石英和赤铁矿吸附团聚的机理

含菱铁矿难选铁矿石在磨矿作业过程中,菱铁矿极易泥化,并大量吸附在脉石和有用矿物的表面上,恶化了后续选别作业.为了查明微细粒菱铁矿、石英和赤铁矿在矿浆中吸附团聚的本质及规律,利用DLVO理论探讨了微细粒菱铁矿与粗粒石英、微细粒菱铁矿与赤铁矿及细粒菱铁矿之间的作用机理.计算结果表明:微细粒菱铁矿容易吸附罩盖在粗粒石英和赤铁矿表面,微细粒菱铁矿和微细粒赤铁矿相互作用发生团聚现象,而微细粒菱铁矿之间不发生吸附团聚现象.     

高磷赤铁矿采用CaCl_2气化脱磷的试验研究

对高磷赤铁矿在烧结过程中添加CaCl2气化脱磷进行热力学分析,并通过微型烧结试验对影响气化脱磷率的因素进行研究。结果表明,在烧结过程中添加CaCl2可以使高磷赤铁矿中的P元素以PCl3气体形式随烧结废气排出;气化脱磷率受配碳量、加热温度、CaCl2加入量、矿石碱度等因素影响;当配碳量为4%、加热温度为900℃、CaCl2加入量为1.36%、通过添加白灰使矿石碱度增加到1.2时,脱磷率可以达到18.3%。     

Two earth years of Mössbauer studies of the surface of Mars with MIMOS II

The element iron plays a crucial role in the study of the evolution of matter from an interstellar cloud to the formation and evolution of the planets. In the Solar System iron is the most abundant metallic element. It occurs in at least three different oxidation states: Fe(0) (metallic iron), Fe(II) and Fe(III). Fe(IV) and Fe(VI) compounds are well known on Earth, and there is a possibility for their occurrence on Mars. In January 2004 the USA space agency NASA landed two rovers on the surface of Mars, both carrying the Mainz Mössbauer spectrometer MIMOS II. They performed for the first time in-situ measurements of the mineralogy of the Martian surface, at two different places on Mars, Meridiani Planum and Gusev crater, respectively, the landing sites of the Mars-Exploration-Rovers (MER) Opportunity and Spirit. After about two Earth years or one Martian year of operation the Mössbauer (MB) spectrometers on both rovers have acquired data from more than 150 targets (and more than thousand MB spectra) at each landing site. The scientific measurement objectives of the Mössbauer investigation are to obtain for rock, soil, and dust (1) the mineralogical identification of iron-bearing phases (e.g., oxides, silicates, sulfides, sulfates, and carbonates), (2) the quantitative measurement of the distribution of iron among these iron-bearing phases (e.g., the relative proportions of iron in olivine, pyroxenes, ilmenite and magnetite in a basalt), (3) the quantitative measurement of the distribution of iron among its oxidation states (e.g., Fe²⁺, Fe³⁺, and Fe⁶⁺), and (4) the characterization of the size distribution of magnetic particles. Special geologic targets of the Mössbauer investigation are dust collected by the Athena magnets and interior rock and soil surfaces exposed by the Athena Rock Abrasion Tool and by trenching with rover wheels. The Mössbauer spectrometer on Opportunity at Meridiani Planum, identified eight Fe-bearing phases: jarosite (K,Na,H3O)(Fe,Al)(OH)6(SO4)2, hematite, olivine, pyroxene, magnetite, nanophase ferric oxides (npOx), an unassigned ferric phase, and a metallic Fe–Ni alloy (kamacite) in a Fe–Ni-meteorite. Outcrop rocks consist of hematite-rich spherules dispersed throughout S-rich rock that has nearly constant proportions of Fe³⁺ from jarosite, hematite, and npOx (28%, 35%, and 19% of total Fe). Jarosite is mineralogical evidence for aqueous processes under acid–sulfate conditions because it has structural hydroxide and sulfate and it forms at low pH. Hematite-rich spherules, eroded from the outcrop, and their fragments are concentrated as hematite-rich soils (lag deposits) on ripple crests (up to 68% of total Fe from hematite). Olivine, pyroxene, and magnetite are primarily associated with basaltic soils and are present as thin and locally discontinuous cover over outcrop rocks, commonly forming aeolian bedforms. Basaltic soils are more reduced (Fe³⁺/Fe_total ～0.2?0.4), with the fine-grained and bright aeolian deposits being the most oxidized. Basaltic soil at Meridiani Planum and Gusev crater have similar Fe-mineralogical compositions. At Gusev crater, the Mössbauer spectrometer on the MER Spirit rover has identified 8 Fe-bearing phases. Two are Fe²⁺ silicates (olivine and pyroxene), one is a Fe²⁺ oxide (ilmenite), one is a mixed Fe²⁺ and Fe³⁺ oxide (magnetite), two are Fe³⁺ oxides (hematite and goethite), one is a Fe³⁺ sulfate (mineralogically not constrained), and one is a Fe³⁺ alteration product (npOx). The surface material in the plains have a olivine basaltic signature (Morris, et al., Science, 305: 833, 2004; Morris, et al., J. Geophys. Res., 111, 2006, Ming, et al., J. Geophys. Res., 111, 2006) suggesting physical rather than chemical weathering processes present in the plains. The Mössbauer signature for the Columbia Hills surface material is very different ranging from nearly unaltered material to highly altered material. Some of the rocks, in particular a rock named Clovis, contain a significant amount of the Fe oxyhydroxide goethite, α-FeOOH, which is mineralogical evidence for aqueous processes because it is formed only under aqueous conditions.     

便携式pH计指示抗坏血酸法测定铁矿粉中的全铁含量研究

采用抗坏血酸做还原剂滴定赤铁矿中的铁含量,利用PHB J-260型便携式pH计监测滴定的终点,通过和电脑联机,快速完成滴定过程,克服了常规滴定法中利用指示剂进行判断的主观性.     

The Thermal Conversion of Lepidocrocite (γ-FeOOH) Revisited

The thermal conversion of lepidocrocite (γ-FeOOH) into maghemite (γ-Fe₂O₃)and hematite (α-Fe₂O₃) has been studied by dynamic (DSC) and static heating experiments. Dynamic heating defines two main regions: conversion of lepidocrocite to maghemite (endothermal signal peaking at 255°C) and conversion of maghemite to hematite (exothermal signal peaking at 450°C). In addition, an exotherm following the lepidocrocite to maghemite endotherm is observed. The maghemite phase appears as porous aggregates of nanocrystals characterized by an extensive spin-canting. We suggest that the additional exotherm is associated with structural changes and a decreasing extent of spin-canting in the maghemite phase. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Can Mössbauer Spectroscopy Reveal the Origin of Magnetic Soil in Denmark?

Hyperfine Interactions - The rare occurrence of magnetic soil in Denmark is normally explained by the hypothesis that the site has been burned. However, at some sites formation by means of organic...     

利用铁屑和钢渣制备抗辐射混凝土的研究

为解决钢渣资源化利用问题,研究钢渣和铁屑在制备抗辐射混凝土上的应用。通过混凝土试块配合比设计及强度检测,发现:随着铁屑掺量的增加,混凝土抗压强度逐渐增大,当铁屑掺量达到30%时,抗压强度出现最大值;随着钢渣掺量的增加,混凝土抗压强度逐渐下降,当钢渣掺量大于20%后,抗压强度下降明显。利用研究结论制备抗辐射混凝土试块,在配合比:胶凝材料∶细集料∶赤铁矿石∶水∶减水剂为1∶3.11∶3.84∶0.41∶0.01时,力学性能、密度及和易性较好。此时,胶凝材料组成:水泥∶矿渣∶钢渣7∶2∶1,细集料组成:赤铁矿砂∶铁屑∶硼玻璃粉为1∶1.28∶0.49(体积比为4∶3∶3),混凝土试块密度为3 550 kg/m3、强度等级为C30。     

柠檬酸在含碳酸盐赤铁矿浮选体系中的分散机理

以赤铁矿、菱铁矿和石英为研究对象,通过沉降试验、Zeta电位测试、傅里叶红外光谱分析和溶液化学计算研究了柠檬酸在强碱性条件下(pH=11.0)的分散机理.沉降试验结果表明,柠檬酸对人工混合矿(赤铁矿-菱铁矿-石英)具有较好的分散效果.动电位和红外光谱测试表明,柠檬酸在赤铁矿和菱铁矿表面的吸附较强烈并使其动电位负移,而在石英表面的吸附较弱并对石英动电位影响较小.溶液化学计算表明,柠檬酸主要以[C_6H_5O_7]~(3-)的形式吸附在赤铁矿和菱铁矿的羟基化表面,进而阻止矿粒间的凝聚.结果表明柠檬酸在含碳酸盐赤铁矿浮选体系中具有分散作用.