Electrochemical Formation of Fe(IV)=O Derived from H2O2 on a Hematite Electrode as an Active Catalytic Site for Selective Hydrocarbon Oxidation Reactions

The high-valence iron species (Fe(IV)=O) in the cytochrome P450 enzyme superfamily is generated via the activation of O₂, and serves as the active center of selective hydrocarbon oxidation reactions. Furthermore, P450 can employ an alternate route to produce Fe(IV)=O, even from H₂O₂ without O₂ activation. Meanwhile, Fe(IV)=O has recently been revealed to be the reactive intermediate during H₂O oxidation to O₂ on hematite electrodes. Herein, we demonstrated the generation of Fe(IV)=O on hematite electrodes during the electrochemical oxidative decomposition of H₂O₂ using in situ UV-visible absorption spectra. The generation of Fe(IV)=O on hematite electrodes from H₂O₂ exhibited 100 mV lower overpotential than that from H₂O. This is because H₂O₂ serves not only as the oxygen source of Fe(IV)=O, but also as the additional oxidant. Finally, we confirmed that the Fe(IV)=O generated on hematite electrodes can serve as the catalytic site for styrene epoxidation reactions.     

3D Monte Carlo simulations on the aggregate structures of a suspension composed of cubic hematite particles

In the previous study, from the viewpoint of surface modification technology, we considered a quasi-2D suspension in thermodynamic equilibrium in order to investigate the characteristics of magnetic cubic particles on a material surface. The present study has been expanded to include 3D Monte Carlo simulations of a suspension of magnetic cubic particles in order to discuss a regime change in the structures of cubic particle aggregates. We attempt to elucidate the dependence of a regime change in the aggregate structures on a variety of factors. The main results obtained here are summarised as follows. If the magnetic interaction strength is sufficiently large, closely packed clusters are formed by repeat and expansion of a cluster unit composed of eight particles, which may be the most preferred configuration as it gives rise to a minimum energy. A regime change in the internal structure of aggregates appears in a narrow range with increasing magnetic interaction strength. As the applied magnetic field strength is increased, closely packed clusters collapse and are transformed into wall-like clusters that are formed along the magnetic field direction. An increase in the volumetric fraction of particles induces a regime change from thick chain-like clusters to the formation of wall-like clusters.     

微细粒赤铁矿凝聚体的内部结构

以ＸＳＺ－Ｄ型生物显微镜为基础，设计了一个套适观察－显微照相装置，该装置可以方便地得到凝聚体的照片，利用图象分析仪测定了微一赤铁矿凝聚体的有关参数，并从分形理论出发，用分维数定量描述了凝聚体的内部结构。     

用复合絮凝分选法处理东鞍山难选赤铁矿

本文提出一种能有效地选别东鞍山难选赤铁矿石的复合絮凝分选新工艺。实验室小型试验表明,用复合絮凝分选法处理东鞍山多种类型难选赤铁矿石、浮选尾矿以及细粒精矿,均可获得满意的分选指标;对菱铁矿的初步试验也表现出较好的苗头。因此,这种工艺对于解决我国大量微细粒嵌布赤铁矿石的选矿问题具有较大的潜力。     

Stability of monodispersed hematite sols in the presence of citric acid

The effect of citric acid on the stability of a hematite sol consisting of uniform spherical particles has been studied as a function of pH and of the acid and sol concentrations. The critical coagulation concentration decreases significantly with increasing pH and so does the critical stabilization concentration due to charge reversal. The phenomena observed are directly related to chemisorption of the citrate ion on metal oxide particles.Supported by the NSF grant CHE-83 18196On leave from Tianjin College of Textile Technology, Tianjin, PR China     

Microwave-assisted synthesis and magnetic property of magnetite and hematite nanoparticles

Nanoparticles of magnetite (Fe₃O₄) and hematite (α-Fe₂O₃) have been prepared by a simple microwave heating method using FeCl₃, polyethylene glycol and N₂H₄·H₂O. The amount of N₂H₄·H₂O has an effect on the final phase of Fe₃O₄. The morphology of α-Fe₂O₃ was affected by the heating method. Crystalline α-Fe₂O₃ agglomerates were formed immediately at room temperature and most of these nanoparticles within agglomerates show the same orientation along [110] direction. After microwave heating, ellipsoidal α-Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles were formed following an oriented attachment mechanism. Both Fe₃O₄ and α-Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles exhibit a small hysteresis loop at room temperature.     

高磷鲕状赤铁矿烧结过程脱磷的热力学分析

讨论湖北宜昌高磷鲕状赤铁矿烧结还原脱磷的热力学,在分析高磷鲕状赤铁矿物化性能的基础上,利用 HSC 软件研究了不同脱磷剂对高磷鲕状赤铁矿还原脱磷的影响。计算结果表明：C 直接还原 Ca5（PO4）3 F 在烧结温度下难以进行;C 存在的条件下,添加 SiO2或 SiC 后能有效降低还原反应温度添加 Na2 SO4或 Na2 CO3与矿石中的脉石发生反应,Ca5（PO4）3 F 与脉石分离裸露,有利于脱磷反应充分进行。     

纳米赤铁矿吸附剂吸附低浓度U(VI)的行为与机理

采用水热法制备了纳米赤铁矿吸附剂,对不同pH值、吸附剂用量、吸附时间和初始U(VI)浓度下纳米赤铁矿吸附剂吸附低浓度U(VI)的行为进行了研究,并采用XRD、SEM和EDS对纳米赤铁矿吸附剂吸附U(VI)前后的表面形貌进行了表征和分析,揭示了纳米赤铁矿吸附剂吸附低浓度U(VI)的动力学特征和吸附机理。结果表明,当温度为25 ℃、pH为7、吸附剂用量为0.4 g/L、U(VI)的初始质量浓度为5 mg/L时,在120 min时吸附即达到了平衡;此时,吸附率最高,达到了92.62%;纳米赤铁矿吸附剂吸附低浓度U(VI)的过程是一个快速平衡的过程,其动力学过程符合准二级动力学模型,说明纳米赤铁矿吸附低浓度U(VI)的方式主要为化学吸附,其吸附等温线符合Freundlich吸附模型,表明纳米赤铁矿吸附低浓度U(VI)为多层吸附。     

鲕状赤铁矿生物质低温磁化焙烧

对生物质磁化鲕状赤铁矿石进行研究,包括磁化温度、磁化时间、生物质用量以及赤铁矿石粒度对磁化效果的影响.在磁化温度为600℃,赤铁矿石与生物质的质量比为10：2的情况下,利用生物质热解产生的气体和焦油在30 min内可以完全磁化粒度为0.074 mm (>72.5%)的赤铁矿石,验证了生物质替代煤基还原剂进行磁化焙烧具有一定的可行性.此外,矿石粒度对磁化焙烧还原度的影响比较大,矿石粒度越大,完全磁化所需时间越长.根据生物质还原剂的特点,适当地减小矿石粒度可以有效改善赤铁矿石的磁化性能.     

Utilization of Hematite Particles for Economical Removal of o-xylene in a High-Temperature Gas-Solid Reactor

To establish a novel approach for VOCs resource utilization, coupled o-xylene oxidation and hematite reduction was investigated in this study in a high-temperature gas-solid reactor in the temperature range 300–700 °C. As the o-xylene-containing inert gas (N₂) stream traveled through the hematite particle bed, its reaction behavior was determined in programmed heating and constant temperature modes. Consequently, the effect of bed temperature, flow rate and o-xylene inlet concentration on both o-xylene removal performance and degree of hematite reduction was studied. The raw hematite and solid products were analyzed by TGA, XRF, XRD and SEM-EDS. The results showed that a temperature above 300 °C was required to completely eliminate o-xylene by hematite, and both o-xylene removal capacity and degree of hematite reduction at 5% breakthrough points enhanced on increasing the temperature and decreasing the flow rate. The increment in temperature from 300 °C to 700 °C led to a gradual reduction of Fe₂O₃ to Fe₃O₄, FeO and metallic iron. Thus, this study provides a novel, economic and promising technology for treating the VOC pollutants.