基于桥域理论的Cu单晶纳米切削跨尺度仿真研究

桥域方法是一种典型的跨尺度仿真研究方法.基于桥域理论,本文分析了原子和连续介质耦合区域的处理问题,即在耦合区采用不同的权重计算系统的能量,通过Lagrange乘子法对原子和连续介质位移进行约束.采用桥域方法,建立了单晶Cu米纳切削的跨尺度仿真模型,获得了单晶Cu纳米切削的材料变形机理.同时,研究了不同切削速度对纳米切削过程和原子受力分布的影响,仿真结果表明:随着切削速度的提高,切削区原子所受的力值增大,切屑变形系数减小,已加工表面变质层厚度增加.本文基于桥域理论,实现了Cu单晶纳米切削跨尺度的建模和仿真, 关键词： 桥域法 纳米切削 单晶Cu 切削速度     

变频调速中的电压测量技术

以ＭＣＳ８０９８单片机为核心，提出一种新的测量技术，在硬件上采用同步采样技术，在软件上实现准同步算法，并且采取了预先存准同步采样权系数和正，余弦值在ＥＥＰＲＯＭ２８６４中的方法，提高其实时性，利用傅立叶变换，得到频域的各次谐波结果，准确地在线测量了变频调整速的谐波，并给出了实验结果。     

An <Emphasis Type="Italic">In Situ</Emphasis> Ultrasonic Technique for Simultaneous Measurement of Longitudinal and Shear Wave Speeds in Solids

Ultrasonic wave speed measurements are widely used to infer the elastic properties of solids. In the standard method, longitudinal and shear transducers are used separately to measure the corresponding wave speeds in a material. A new experimental method is introduced for simultaneously measuring the longitudinal and the shear wave speeds using a single set of longitudinal or shear transducers. The method can also be used to measure the wave speeds in situ during deformation by placing the transducers along the loading axis. The transducers are housed in a specially designed fixture such that they are not subjected to loading. The technique is demonstrated by performing uniaxial compression experiments on fully dense isotropic solids (where the wave speeds are not expected to change during deformation) and in polymeric foams (where the wave speeds are affected by damage).     

Markovian queues with Poisson control

We investigate Markovian queues that are examined by a controller at random times determined by a Poisson process. Upon examination, the controller sets the service speed to be equal to the minimum of the current number of customers in the queue and a certain maximum service speed; this service speed prevails until the next examination time. We study the resulting two-dimensional Markov process of queue length and server speed, in particular two regimes with time scale separation, specifically for infinitely frequent and infinitely long examination times. In the intermediate regime the analysis proves to be extremely challenging. To gain further insight into the model dynamics we then analyse two variants of the model in which the controller is just an observer and does not change the speed of the server.     

立式超速试验台轴系的设计及动态分析

本文论述了立式超速旋转试验台轴系设计的基本原则并对自行设计的模型试验台进行了理论分析和试验研究;提出了一种计算轴系临界转速的较简便的方法—一等效刚度法,并对转子的稳定性等若干问题进行了分析和研究。     

Global existence for systems of wave equations with nonresonant nonlinearities and null forms

We consider the Cauchy problem for systems of nonlinear wave equations with different propagation speeds in three space dimensions. We prove global existence of small amplitude solutions for systems with some nonresonant nonlinearities which may depend on both of the unknowns and their derivatives. Our method here can be also adopted to treat the null forms.     

Multiple speeds of flame edge propagation for Lewis numbers above one

Edges of diffusion flames in a counterflow burner are examined numerically for Lewis greater than unity. When the speed of propagation is plotted against Damköhler for a range of Lewis a fold bifurcation is observed. It is shown that there exist stable positively and negatively propagating edges for some Damköhler and Lewis number pairs. It is further shown that changed local conditions can lead to a transition from positive (advancing into the unburnt gasses) to negative (receding) propagation.     

调节轧制速度和水流量进行终轧温度控制的比较

结合国内某热轧带钢厂终轧温度控制模型的调试过程,分别介绍了通过调节水量和调节轧制速度进行终轧温度控制的原理;对比了轧制典型产品时采用上述两种手段调节终轧温度的轧制速度实测曲线、水量调节曲线和终轧温度实测曲线,探讨了产生不同终轧温度控制效果的原因;结合轧后冷却样本跟踪原理,分析了调节速度时对于下游轧后冷却控制过程的影响.研究结果表明:采用调节轧制速度手段的终轧温度控制精度略高;采用调节机架间水量手段时轧制速度曲线更平滑,有利于轧后冷却过程控制.     

考虑通道总能耗的城际列车运行速度优化研究

在考虑不同运输方式竞争关系的基础上,探讨了能力约束下的通道客流分配方法.以乘客出行总费用及通道运营总成本最小为目标,构建了城际列车运行速度非线性优化模型,并采用遗传算法对模型进行求解.算例结果表明,模型能够有效求解含限速区间的城际列车运行速度优化问题,且随限速区间运行速度的下降,非限速区间最优运行速度呈缓慢上升趋势;对于短距离通道而言,可开行较高运行速度的城际列车,以吸引客流;而对于中距离通道而言,可适度降低城际列车运行速度,减少运营能耗.     

Experimental and kinetic study of 2,4,4-trimethyl-1-pentene and iso-octane in laminar flames

Laminar flame speeds of 2,4,4-trimethyl-1-pentene are investigated at equivalence ratios of 0.7–1.6, initial temperatures of 298–453 K and initial pressures of 0.1–0.5 MPa. The comparison between 2,4,4-trimethyl-1-pentene and iso-octane is also performed. Results show that 2,4,4-trimethyl-1-pentene has faster laminar flame speed than iso-octane. Chemical kinetic models (Metcalfe model, Modified model I) were tested against the present experimental data. The laminar flame speeds are apparently over-estimated by the Metcalfe model and under-predicted by the Modified model I. Therefore, high-level quantum mechanical calculations were used to revise the Modified model I to obtain Modified model II and it can give fairly good prediction at various conditions on laminar flame speeds. In addition, the chemical kinetic analysis was conducted. The analysis indicates both thermal and kinetic effects result in the discrepancy of laminar flame speeds between 2,4,4-trimethyl-1-pentene and iso-octane. Furthermore, IC₄H₈ plays a dominant role in laminar flame speeds of 2,4,4-trimethyl-1-pentene and iso-octane.