世界一流学会的发展特点及建设途径

选取典型的世界一流学会,分析了其在学术交流、社会治理、科学普及、国际合作、会员服务、运行机制、发展环境等方面呈现的发展趋势与特点。总体来看,与世界一流学会相比较,中国学会在多个层面有较大差距。当前,中国学会在建设一流学会上有一定的体制、人才优势,也适逢科技事业快速发展的机遇期。建议科协组织持续优化学会发展环境;对标世界一流学会,提升学术发展引领力;广泛开展国际交往,联络全球范围内高层次科技工作者;提升学会自主运营能力,促进学会工作专业化和职业化。     

An unusual substitution reaction of an aromatic sulfonic group based on 3-carbonyl-4-phenolsulfonic acid

An unusual substitution reaction of an aromatic sulfonic group based on 3-carbonyl-4-phenolsulfonic acid was discovered in a diazo-coupling process.The reaction occurred under mild reaction conditions (pH 8.0-9.0.0-5 C,solvent:water) within a short reaction time(1h).A plausible substitution reaction mechanism by phenol-ketone resonance was proposed.     

极大群和极小群的弱c-正规对有限群结构的影响

利用极大和极小群的弱c-正规性对有限群的结构进行刻画,得到可解群和p-幂零群的一些充分条件,推广了一些已知的结果.     

不同群体对旅游信息传播渠道的评价研究

在调查问卷的基础上,本文研究不同群体在收集旅游信息时,对网络、报纸、电视、广播、旅行社、亲朋好友、杂志、旅游宣传册等渠道的评价.评价由六个方面指标组成,结果表明,公众的性别、年龄、受教育程度、月收入都对他们的信息渠道评价和使用有影响,根据研究结果,市场营销人员可以选择更适合的信息传播渠道,提高信息传播效率和营销效果.     

Irradiation of detonation nanodiamonds with γ-rays does not produce long living spin radicals

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Mechanism of Copper(I)‐Catalyzed Allylic Alkylation of Phosphorothioate Esters: Influence of the Leaving Group on α Regioselectivity

The mechanism of Cu^I‐catalyzed allylic alkylation and the influence of the leaving groups (OPiv, SPiv, Cl, SPO(OiPr)₂; Piv: pivavloyl) on the regioselectivity of the reaction have been explored by using density functional theory (DFT). A comprehensive comparison of many possible reaction pathways shows that [(iPr)₂Cu]^? prefers to bind first oxidatively to the double bond of the allylic substrate at the anti position with respect to the leaving group, and this is followed by dissociation of the leaving group. If the leaving group is not taken into account, the reaction then undergoes an isomerization and a reductive elimination process to give the α‐ or γ‐selective product. If OPiv, SPiv, Cl, or SPO(OiPr)₂ groups are present, the optimal route for the formation of both α‐ and γ‐substituted products changes from the stepwise elimination to the direct process, in which the leaving group plays a stabilizing role for the reactant and destabilizes the transition state. The differences to the energy barrier for the α‐ and γ‐substituted products are 2.75 kcal mol^?1 with SPO(OiPr)₂, 2.44 kcal mol^?1 with SPiv, 2.33 kcal mol^?1 with OPiv, and 1.98 kcal mol^?1 with Cl, respectively; these values show that α regioselectivity in the allylic alkylation follows a SPO(OiPr)₂>SPiv>OPiv>Cl trend, which is in satisfactory agreement with the experimental findings. This trend mainly originates in the differences between the attractive electrostatic forces and the repelling steric interactions of the SPO(OiPr)₂, SPiv, OPiv, and Cl groups on the Cu group.     

弱拟正规子群对有限群的幂零性的影响

G的一个子群H称为在G中弱拟正规,如果对G的任意子群K,至少存在一个K的共轭子群Kx,x∈G,使得HKx=KxH.利用弱拟正规子群的概念,本文得到了关于有限群的幂零性的一些新刻画,给出了幂零群的一些充要条件.