凝固漂浮有机液滴-分散液液微萃取结合高效液相色谱法同时测定自来水中氯代多环芳烃与多环芳烃

建立了自来水中6种氯代多环芳烃和15种多环芳烃的凝固漂浮有机液滴-分散液液微萃取高效液相色谱分析方法,并探讨了萃取剂种类和用量、分散剂种类和用量、氯化钠含量及涡旋振荡时间等因素对萃取效率的影响。优化后的萃取实验条件为:10μL十二醇为萃取溶剂,500μL甲醇为分散溶剂,6%NaCl,涡旋振荡时间2 min。目标化合物经多环芳烃专用柱(SUPELCOSILTMLC-PAH,150 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)分离后,外标法定量。结果表明,21种目标化合物在一定质量浓度范围内线性良好,相关系数均不低于0.999;在低、中、高3个加标水平下的回收率为70.6%～98.7%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为2.0%～10%;方法的检出限(LOD,S/N=3)为0.000 7～0.009μg/L,定量下限(LOQ,S/N=10)为0.002 2～0.028μg/L。可用于自来水中氯代多环芳烃和多环芳烃的分析检测。     

The Crystallization of Poly (3-dodecyltbiophene) in an Oriented Solidification Environment

Poly (3-alkylthiophenes) (P3ATs) have made up of a family of conductive polymerswhich are soluble, fusible and processable, since the introduction of flexible alkyl sidechains"'. It is generally accepted that P3ATs can form similar layered structures. inwhich the thiophene rings possess planarity and the side chains act as spacers'-'. Whenthe number. of 'carbon atoms of alkyl side chains is more than 10, some orderlyarrangements will occur for side chains betWeen the' layers'. It has been w…     

往复挤压准晶增强快速凝固Mg92.5Zn6.4Y1.1合金

采用往复挤压工艺将快速凝固Mg92.5Zn6.4Y1.1合金薄带在330℃挤压2道次和4道次,然后正挤压制成Φ10 mm的棒材。用OM,TEM,XRD及DTA研究了往复挤压过程中准晶相I-Mg3YZn6弥散析出及对力学性能的影响。研究表明,往复挤压有利于快速凝固Mg92.5Zn6.4Y1.1合金薄带的焊合,获得组织致密、均匀、高强韧合金。往复挤压2道次,相组成为-αMg和准晶I-Mg3YZn6,脱溶析出纳米准晶相较少;4道次相组成为-αMg和准晶I-Mg3YZn6及MgZn相,脱溶弥散析出的纳米I-Mg3YZn6准晶相及MgZn相较多。往复挤压提高材料的拉伸性能,其主要原因是细晶强化和析出强化。     

熔体快速冷凝过程的微观结构演化

采用分子动力学模拟技术研究了金属间化合物AuCu3熔体的双体分布函数、键对、多面体、配位数等在快速凝固条件下随温度的变化情况，详细考察了AuCu3中微观组团随温度的演化特点.结果表明，AuCu3熔体降温至700 K时双体分布函数的第二峰已发生劈裂，液态金属中已经产生了非晶态；同时液体中的键对数及多面体数与温度的关系都表明，在上述向非晶转变的过程中，AuCu3熔体的确发生了微观结构组态的变化，其中以液体中的缺陷多面体随温度变化最为剧烈.     

Microstructure Evolution in Laser RS Co-base Metastable Alloy

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Fe-Pb合金凝固多相体系内偏析形成过程的三维数值模拟

基于Eulerian-Eulerian方法和流体体积技术,建立了三维多相流体动力学凝固模型,并将其与质量、动量、溶质和热焓守恒方程相耦合,对Fe-Pb合金侧向凝固过程进行了数值模拟.首先,分析了分布面积二次梯度((SPb))和浓度二次梯度((CPb))对偏析模式的影响,结果表明:液、气两相的流动相变使偏析模式表现为上端X形下端V形,X偏析由气相相变驱动力和多取向相变作用下的"散射"形成;ttc时,随(SPb)和(CPb)曲线降低,X偏析的下偏析角增大,上偏析角和V偏析角减小,Pb收得率增大,有利于获得含量稳定弥散的凝固组织.此外,还研究了液、气两相交互流动下通道偏析的形成机理,结果表明:通道偏析仅存在于流动-相变交互作用(ul·cl和ug·cg)为负值的区域,该区域的流动扰动抑制合金的局部凝固,促进偏析通道生长;流动-相变交互作用负值越小,偏析通道持续增长越稳定.模拟结果与实验结果相符合,验证了模型的准确性.     

基于元胞自动机方法的定向凝固枝晶竞争生长数值模拟

通过耦合温度场模型、溶质扩散方程以及枝晶生长动力学方程等重要因素,建立了一种改进的元胞自动机模型.该模型通过采用偏心算法消除网格各向异性,实现了二维尺度上任意角度枝晶生长的模拟,同时适用于模拟三维尺度上枝晶的生长过程.利用建立的模型开展了定向凝固枝晶竞争生长过程的数值模拟.为了体现本模型的有效性,模拟了透明合金的竞争生长过程,并与实验结果符合良好.镍基高温合金汇聚竞争和发散竞争的模拟结果清楚地展现了不同抽拉速度和枝晶优先生长角度下枝晶的竞争生长过程,并且模拟结果与理论模型相符合.三维枝晶生长的模拟结果表明本模型可以用来模拟三维枝晶一次臂间距的调整过程.     

大长径比熔铸装药热芯棒凝固工艺优化仿真

为提高大长径比战斗部的熔铸装药质量,采用有限元仿真方法建立了三维装药模型,对熔铸装药过程进行数值模拟。通过分析传统铸装和热芯棒工艺铸装的仿真结果,结合缩孔形成原因和传统热芯棒工艺对装药质量的改善机理,设计出一种多层次优化温度控制的热芯棒,并对改良热芯棒工艺铸装过程进行数值模拟,预测热芯棒改良工艺对装药质量的影响。结果表明:传统热芯棒铸装工艺无法改变药柱径向凝固顺序,在药室宽大处仍然会出现缩孔缩松的疵病,而改良热芯棒工艺通过改善药柱凝固顺序,可以预防缩孔缩松出现,达到了预期要求。     

Modelling of laser surface alloying and dispersing of ceramics

Laser‐supported processes can be used to modify the electrical and thermal properties of ceramic substrates locally. These processes are characterized by a strong thermal interaction between the laser beam and the ceramic surface that leads to localized melting. During the dynamic melting process an additive material is injected into the melt pool in order to modify the physical properties. The heat and mass transfer during this dynamic melting and solidification process has been studied numerically in order to identify the dominating process parameters. Simulation tools based on a finite‐volume method have been developed to describe the heat transfer, fluid flow and the phase change during the melting and solidification of the ceramic. The results of the calculation have been validated against experimental results.     

Phase constitution and microstructure of Ce–Fe–B strip-casting alloy

The strip-casting technique plays an important role in fabricating high coercivity sintered magnet. In this paper, we investigate the phase constitution and the microstructure of rapidly solidified Ce-Fe-B alloy fabricated by strip-casting. We find that the Ce2FelgB phase coexists with Fe, Fe2B, and CeFe2 phases in the Ce-Fe-B strips. The eutectic stucture consisting of Fe and Fe2B is encased in Ce2Fe14B grains, which is blocked by the CeFe2 grains at triple junctions, indicating that the microstructure of Ce-Fe-B strip is characteristic of a peritectic solidification. Thermal analysis indicates that the large supercooling of Ce2Fe14B results in the residual Fe and Fe2B. The microstructural optimization in Ce-Fe-B strips without Fe and Fe2B could be achieved by a heat treatment of 1000 ℃.