Advances in stable and flexible perovskite solar cells

Roll-to-roll (R2R) production is an innovative approach and is fast becoming a very popular industrial method for high throughput and mass production of solar cells. Replacement of costly indium tin oxide (ITO), which conventionally has served as the transparent electrode would be a great approach for roll to roll production of flexible cost effective solar cells. Indium tin oxide (ITO) and fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) are brittle and ultimately limit the device flexibility. Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have been the centre of photovoltaic research community during the recent years owing to its exceptional performance and economical prices. The best reported PSCs fabricated by employing mesoporous TiO₂ layers require elevated temperatures in the range of 400–500 °C which limits its applications to solely glass substrates. In such a scenario developing flexible PSCs technology can be considered a suitable and exciting arena from the application point of view, them being flexible, lightweight, portable, and easy to integrate over both small, large and curved surfaces.     

Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System and a Multilayer Perceptron Model Trained with Grey Wolf Optimizer for Predicting Solar Diffuse Fraction

The accurate prediction of the solar diffuse fraction (DF), sometimes called the diffuse ratio, is an important topic for solar energy research. In the present study, the current state of Diffuse irradiance research is discussed and then three robust, machine learning (ML) models are examined using a large dataset (almost eight years) of hourly readings from Almeria, Spain. The ML models used herein, are a hybrid adaptive network-based fuzzy inference system (ANFIS), a single multi-layer perceptron (MLP) and a hybrid multi-layer perceptron grey wolf optimizer (MLP-GWO). These models were evaluated for their predictive precision, using various solar and DF irradiance data, from Spain. The results were then evaluated using frequently used evaluation criteria, the mean absolute error (MAE), mean error (ME) and the root mean square error (RMSE). The results showed that the MLP-GWO model, followed by the ANFIS model, provided a higher performance in both the training and the testing procedures.     

溶剂效应对聚苯撑乙烯掺杂二酰亚胺太阳电池性能的影响

研究了不同溶剂对2-甲氧基-5-(2-乙基己氧基)-1,4-对苯撑乙烯(MEH-PPV):N,N′-二(1-乙基丙基)-3,4,9,10-四羧酸二亚酰胺(EP-PTC)复合膜的形貌及其对以MEH-PPV:EP-PTC复合膜为活性层的太阳电池性能的影响.结果表明:非芳香性溶剂不利于MEH-PPV与EP-PTC的相容,MEH-PPV与EP-PTC两相间形成微米尺寸(0.5—5μm)的相分离,因而以MEH-PPV:EP-PTC复合膜为活性层的太阳电池中的电荷分离效率较低,进而电池的能量转换效率较低.而芳香性溶剂有利于MEH-PPV与EP-PTC的相容,MEH-PPV与EP-PTC两相间能形成纳米尺度的相分离,因此MEH-PPV与EP-PTC两相间的界面面积明显增加,界面处的电荷分离概率明显提高.与非芳香性溶剂相比,基于芳香性溶剂的复合膜太阳电池的能量转换效率提高了20倍.     

低温太阳热与甲醇化学链整合能量释放机理实验初探

本文在低温太阳热能与CH3OH-Fe2O3化学链燃烧相结合控制CO2分离动力系统的基础上,进一步探讨了低温太阳热能品位提升的内在规律,分别揭示出辐照强度与CH3OH-Fe2O3反应特性、低温太阳热能品位提升的关联关系.本文采用溶胶凝胶法制作了Fe2O3反应颗粒,在热重反应器中进行了模拟太阳热能与甲醇化学链实验的初步研究,通过电镜,分析了反应前后金属氧化物的表面形貌特征.研究成果将为低温太阳热能与化学链燃烧整合能量释放新机理的研究提供理论依据和基础实验数据.     

用于太阳能光伏发电的高倍聚光系统

 研究了基于三结型（InGaP/InGaAs/Ge）高效太阳能电池的太阳能光伏发电的高倍聚光系统。该系统采用高次非球面光学玻璃卡塞格林系统,运用Zemax和Tracepro光学设计软件完成200~500倍太阳能聚光系统的设计,同时设计了单片型高倍太阳能聚能光学组件,用热压成型方法研制了太阳能聚能透镜（副镜）。采用16个性能相同的聚光光学组件和相同数量的三结型太阳能电池组成高倍聚光型太阳能光伏组件,极大地提高了聚光比,为太阳能光伏发电的高倍聚光器设计提供参考和依据。     

Ag纳米颗粒表面等离子体共振增强DSSC电池的制备及性能研究

使用水热法制备了一系列不同含量Ag纳米颗粒掺杂的Ag-TiO2复合光阳极的染料敏化太阳能电池,同时,研究了不同含量Ag纳米颗粒掺杂对染料敏化太阳能电池的结构和性能的影响.实验结果表明：Ag的掺入增强了吸附在Ag-TiO2复合光阳极上的染料对光的吸收,显著地提高了对应电池的短路电流.在Ag掺入量为0.20%的时候,对应的电池具有最佳的性能,其短路电流为10.66mA/cm2,开路电压Voc为697mV,光电转换效率为5.59%,显著优于纯TiO2光阳极电池的效率.其性能的改善主要归因于掺入Ag纳米颗粒的表面等离子体共振吸收效应使电池光阳极对光的吸收增强所致.     

Compositional investigation of potassium doped Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cells with efficiencies up to 20.8%

We report on the interaction between intentional potassium doping of thin film Cu(In,Ga)Se₂ (CIGS) solar cells, CIGS absorber composition, and device efficiency. Up to now high efficiency CIGS solar cells could not be produced with a gallium/(gallium + indium) ratio higher than 35%. The new doping process step does not only increase solar cell conversion efficiencies up to 20.8%, but also allows a shift in the CIGS absorber composition towards higher gallium content whilst maintaining this high efficiencies level. We find that the saturation of the open circuit voltages for higher gallium content that is normally observed can partially be overcome by the new doping procedure. This observation leads us to the conclusion that even on this high performance level CIGS solar cells still hold a potential for further development beyond the record values reported here. (© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

锐钛矿相TiO2纳米管的制备及其染料敏化太阳电池

以商用金红石相TiO₂粉末为原料,通过在碱性溶液中150℃水热48h的方法合成TiO₂纳米管.采用SEM,TEM,XRD分析手段对TiO₂纳米管的形貌和结构演变进行了表征.制成的TiO₂纳米管与TritonX-100,乙酰丙酮混合后,通过丝网印刷的方法涂敷到ITO导电玻璃衬底上,并且在450℃下烧结30min后得到可应用于染料敏化太阳电池的多孔光阳极.将此光阳极浸泡于N719染料敏化后,与镀铂对电极组装电池,两者之间灌 关键词： 2纳米管')" href="#">TiO₂纳米管 染料敏化太阳电池 水热法