Tunable monoenergy positron annihilation spectroscopy of polyethylene glycol thin films

Doppler broadening and coincidence Doppler broadening of annihilation radiation experiments have been performed in three kinds of polyethylene glycol(PEG) membrane formed with different average molecular weight using the tunable monoenergy slow positron probe as a function of implantion energy. The obtained positron annihilation parameters are interpreted from two aspects: surface effect and differences in micro-structure or chemical environment of positron annihilation. The experimental results show that the regulation of densification of PEG molecular packing and distribution uniformity from the near surface layer to the bulk region in the film forming process can be well realized by changing its molecular weight. Combining a variable monoenergetic slow positron beam and these two positron annihilation spectroscopy methods is a powerful tool to study positron annihilation characteristics and for polymeric thin-film fine structure analysis.     

利用慢特征分析法提取层次结构系统中的外强迫

在大量真实的动力系统中,外部驱动力总是随时间发生变化,正是这种变化导致了非平稳行为的产生.因此,从此类系统的观测数据中提取和分析外强迫(也称驱动力)信号引起了人们越来越多的关注.慢特征分析法(slow feature analysis,SFA)是从非平稳时间序列中提取外强迫信息的一种有效算法.在其基础上利用变参数的Logistic映射产生的非平稳时间序列,通过数值试验进一步讨论了该方法的应用前景,并发展了一些相应的分析技术.试验结果表明,对于模型中包含两个时变驱动力参数的系统,经过一次SFA处理之后,可以进一步利用子波分析技术检索出外强迫信号中的两个参数;对于模型中有两个叠加驱动力层次的三层动力系统,可先通过一次SFA处理,提取出次慢层外强迫信号,对该信号进行二次SFA处理,可提取出最慢层外强迫信号.     

光纤中慢光群折射率限定特性研究

粒子在基态和亚稳态之间的振荡会导致探测光吸收的降低,而探测光束在很窄的频率范围内吸收的降低,会使介质的感生折射率在同样范围内迅速变化,从而改变群折射率ng=n(ω)+ωdn/dω。本文利用光纤慢光理论,对不同条件下的群折射率限定和群速度的变化特性展开讨论。群折射率随光纤长度的增加而降低,不同离子浓度的掺铒光纤中慢光的感生群折射率均随调制频率的增加而降低,同时在不同的调制频率条件下,群折射率随入射信号光强度的增大均有一个饱和的过程。     

2024-T351铝合金在酸性NaCl溶液中SCC行为的电化学噪声检测

 采用电化学噪声技术对2024-T351铝合金在酸性NaCl溶液中的应力腐蚀开裂过程进行检测,并通过对电流噪声信号进行时域和频域分析,研究裂纹尖端腐蚀行为以及裂纹萌生和扩展过程的电化学噪声特征,并得出裂纹扩展的判断依据。结果表明,在浸泡初期,电流噪声时频谱中的振幅较小,能量主要集中于高频段,表明电极表面主要发生了膜破裂-再钝化等快反应过程,裂纹处于萌生阶段。随着浸泡时间的增加,电流噪声中出现特征峰。此时,低频段能量逐渐增加,表明裂纹进入扩展阶段。通过对电流噪声信号进行小波分解,可以区分应力腐蚀开裂过程中裂纹萌生和扩展的不同阶段。     

Superluminal light attenuated by strong dispersion of complex refractive index

The propagation of narrow packets of electromagnetic waves(EMWs) in frequency dispersive medium with the consideration of the complex refractive index is studied. It is shown that counting in the dispersion of the complex refractive index within the context of the conventional expression of the group velocity of narrow wave packets of EMWs propagating in a dispersive medium results in the appearance of additional constraints on the group velocity, which dictates that the physically acceptable group velocity can only be realized in the case of a negligible imaginary part of the group index. In this paper, the conditions that allow one to realize the physically acceptable group velocity are formulated and analyzed numerically for the relevant model of the refractive index of a system of two-level atoms in the optical frequency range. It is shown that in the frequency band where superluminal light propagation is expected, there is a strong dispersion of the refractive index that is accompanied with strong absorption, resulting in a strongly attenuated superluminal light.     

抗谐波锁定的延时锁相环

为了解决传统延时锁相环(DLL)结构在宽频率锁定范围中的无法锁定和谐波锁定问题,在传统DLL结构中加入启动控制电路,使DLL在上电阶段把环路滤波电容上的电压充电至电源电压,从而使压控延时线的初始延时在上电后达到最小,并且小于输入参考信号的1个周期.设计了带开关控制的鉴相器,将DLL的锁定过程分为粗调和微调两个阶段,压控延时线的延时在粗调阶段只能逐渐增大,在微调阶段微调,直到延时为输入参考信号的1个周期,从而克服了无法锁定以及谐波锁定的问题,而且减小了DLL的锁定时间.采用GSMC 0.13μm1P7MCMOS工艺设计、1.2 V的电源电压进行仿真,结果表明该DLL工作频率范围为300～500MHz,功耗小于3mW.     

植物种质资源缓慢生长法保存研究进展

植物种质资源是人类赖以生存和发展的重要物质基础,保持其遗传多样性对实现农业可持续发展具有重要的战略意义。缓慢生长保存法是植物种质资源保存切实可行的方法之一,目前已被广泛应用于植物种质保存中。本中综述了植物种质缓慢生长法保存的原理、方法、影响因素及其遗传稳定性的鉴定等,分析了目前存在的问题,并提出了对策。     

Wave Propagation Along a Helical Step-Loaded Groove Waveguide

A new kind of helical groove structure, step-loaded groove waveguide is presented and analyzed in this paper. The dispersion equation of this structure is derived by means of a field-matching method. This equation may be reduced to the dispersion equation of helical ridge-loaded structure and rectangular one. In order to demonstrate the influence of the step on the dispersion properties, the comparison of the dispersion characteristics is made in these helical rectangular and modified rectangular groove structures. Form the analysis, it is shown that the step loading tends to reduce the dispersion of the helical groove circuit and the step-loaded structure has the weaker dispersion compared with the rectangular one or the ridge-loaded one. The effect of the step shape on the wave properties is also discussed under the deep groove case. The theoretical results explicitly indicate that the V-like step-loaded structure has the weakest dispersion in all step-loaded structures.     

物理学中的第二片大沙漠——电介质物理学

从物理学史角度评论了电介质物理的发展和现状；指出其基础研究涉及物理学中许多概念和原理的更新和重建，对未来科学技术的影响至关重大