Slow light effect with high group index and wideband by saddle-like mode in PC-CROW

Slow light with high group index and wideband is achieved in photonic crystal coupled-resonator optical waveguides (PC-CROWs). According to the eye-shaped scatterers and various microcavities, saddle-like curves between the normalized frequency f and wave number k can be obtained by adjusting the parameters of the scatterers, parameters of the coupling microcavities, and positions of the scatterers. Slow light with decent flat band and group index can then be achieved by optimizing the parameters. Simulations prove that the maximal value of the group index is > 10⁴, and the normalized delay bandwidth product within a new varying range of n _g > 10² or n _g > 10³ can be a new and effective criterion of evaluation for the slow light in PC-CROWs.     

Preparation and Properties of Biodegradable Slow-Release PAA Superabsorbent Matrixes for Phosphorus Fertilizers

Biodegradable superabsorbent matrixes for a slow-release fertilizer were prepared by using crosslinked acrylic acid and water-soluble granular phosphorus fertilizer KH₂PO₄. The effects of the amount of crosslinker, initiator and phosphorus fertilizer concentration on water absorption were investigated and optimized. The products show excellent slow release and water-retention capacity, being nontoxic in soil and environment-friendly, and could be useful especially in agricultural and horticultural applications. The results showed that the hydrogel structure and swelling capacity was affected by various factors, such as concentration of crosslinker and initiator, as well as by the amount of KH₂PO₄.     

利用慢特征分析法提取层次结构系统中的外强迫

在大量真实的动力系统中,外部驱动力总是随时间发生变化,正是这种变化导致了非平稳行为的产生.因此,从此类系统的观测数据中提取和分析外强迫(也称驱动力)信号引起了人们越来越多的关注.慢特征分析法(slow feature analysis,SFA)是从非平稳时间序列中提取外强迫信息的一种有效算法.在其基础上利用变参数的Logistic映射产生的非平稳时间序列,通过数值试验进一步讨论了该方法的应用前景,并发展了一些相应的分析技术.试验结果表明,对于模型中包含两个时变驱动力参数的系统,经过一次SFA处理之后,可以进一步利用子波分析技术检索出外强迫信号中的两个参数;对于模型中有两个叠加驱动力层次的三层动力系统,可先通过一次SFA处理,提取出次慢层外强迫信号,对该信号进行二次SFA处理,可提取出最慢层外强迫信号.     

2024-T351铝合金在酸性NaCl溶液中SCC行为的电化学噪声检测

 采用电化学噪声技术对2024-T351铝合金在酸性NaCl溶液中的应力腐蚀开裂过程进行检测,并通过对电流噪声信号进行时域和频域分析,研究裂纹尖端腐蚀行为以及裂纹萌生和扩展过程的电化学噪声特征,并得出裂纹扩展的判断依据。结果表明,在浸泡初期,电流噪声时频谱中的振幅较小,能量主要集中于高频段,表明电极表面主要发生了膜破裂-再钝化等快反应过程,裂纹处于萌生阶段。随着浸泡时间的增加,电流噪声中出现特征峰。此时,低频段能量逐渐增加,表明裂纹进入扩展阶段。通过对电流噪声信号进行小波分解,可以区分应力腐蚀开裂过程中裂纹萌生和扩展的不同阶段。     

牛津模式对高校科技成果转化的启示

针对高校科技成果转化难的现状,借鉴和分析了牛津大学成立ISIS创新公司推进科技成果转化的做法,总结出牛津模式的创新点,对我国高校科技成果转化提出了具体的建议．     

Large delay tunable slow-light based on high-gain stimulated-Brillouin-scattering amplification in optical fibers

Tunable stimulated-Brillouin-scattering （SBS）-based slow-light in optical fibers has potential applications in optical buffering in the future all-optical router commutation systems. However, due to the low SBS threshold and relatively high realistic signal power, the gain in the usual SBS systems is limited at -30 dB. This paper presents a high-gain SBS scheme to realize large delay slow-light, which benefits from avoiding the depletion of the pump power in a short fiber as SBS media. The experiment demonstrates that, up to 50 dB non-saturated gain has been observed in the single-stage 591.8 m fiber SBS amplification. The slow-light delay can be obtained 52 ns, and the fractional delay can exceed 1.     

无量纲指标免疫检测器在缓变故障检测中的应用研究

本文利用无量纲指标和人工免疫原理构造了五种无量纲指标免疫检测器。提取试验中的数据,采用阴性选择算法、增加编码位数进行编码,检测器能检测到微小的变化,通过多个无量纲指标免疫检测器同时进行交叉检测,再进行集成、融合,使缓变故障得到较准确诊断。实验结果表明了本文所提出的方法的有效性。     

低速多电荷态离子He2+、O2+和Ne2+与W靶表面

本文报道了He2+,O2+和Ne2+与W靶表面相互作用中的动能电子产额随离子入射速度变化的实验测量结果.结果表明：在本实验的入射速度范围内,对同一入射离子,动能电子产额随入射离子的速度增大而线性增加.基于动能电子发射的机理,我们分析了影响动能电子产额的因素,理论上得出动能电子产额与入射速度增长呈线性增加的关系,取得了实验上和理论上一致的结果.     

Effects of flash boiling injection on in-cylinder spray,mixing and combustion of a spark-ignition direct-injection engine

Higher engine efficiency and ever stringent pollutant emission regulations are considered as the most important challenges for today's automotive industry. Fast evaporation and combustion technique has caused unprecedented attention due to its potential to solve both of the above challenges. Flash boiling, which features a two-phase flow that constantly generates vapor bubbles inside the liquid spray is ideal to achieve fast evaporation and combustion inside direct-injection (DI) gasoline engines. In this study, three spray conditions, including liquid, transitional flash boiling and flare flash boiling spray were studied for comparison under cold start condition in a spark-ignition direct-injection (SIDI) optical gasoline engine. Optical access into the combustion chamber includes a quartz linear and a quartz insert on the piston. In separate experiments, we recorded the crank angle resolved spray morphology using laser scattering technique, and distribution of fuel before ignition employing laser induced fluorescence technology, as well as time-resolved color images of flame with high-speed camera. The spray morphology during the intake stroke shows stronger plume-plume and plume-air interaction under flash boiling condition, as well as smaller penetration. Then around the end of compression (before ignition), the fuel distribution is also shown to be more homogeneous with less cyclic variation under flash boiling. Finally, from the color images of the flame, it was found that with the increase of superheat degree, the diffusion rate of blue flame (generated by excited molecules) is higher, which is considered to be related with the larger fractal dimension of the flame front. Also, the combustion is more complete with less yellow flame under flash boiling.     

植物种质资源缓慢生长法保存研究进展

植物种质资源是人类赖以生存和发展的重要物质基础,保持其遗传多样性对实现农业可持续发展具有重要的战略意义。缓慢生长保存法是植物种质资源保存切实可行的方法之一,目前已被广泛应用于植物种质保存中。本中综述了植物种质缓慢生长法保存的原理、方法、影响因素及其遗传稳定性的鉴定等,分析了目前存在的问题,并提出了对策。