盐酸海地芬-壳聚糖微球的制备及其释药性能

以戊二醛作为交联剂,盐酸海地芬(CH)为模型药物,通过乳化-化学交联法制备了盐酸海地芬-壳聚糖微球,考察了其理化性质和释药性能。实验结果表明:盐酸海地芬-壳聚糖微球的外表规整,表面光滑,平均粒径7.8μm,载药量为3.4%,药物包封率为58%。该微球在酸性溶液中的释药速率要大于在碱性溶液中,且随壳聚糖(CS)浓度增大而减慢,随交联剂用量的增加而降低。     

Transient flow around an impulsively started cylinder using a dynamic mesh method

The finite volume method (FVM) with a dynamic mesh method (DMM) to deal with the moving boundary was applied to the simulation of two-dimensional incompressible viscous flow past a circular cylinder that is impulsively started into rotation and translation. The non-dimensional rotating to translating speed ratio α is varied from 0.28 to 2.07, with the Reynolds number being 200 for the range of α. The computation covers a period, during which the cylinder translates seven times its diameter. The current scheme handles the impulsively moving boundary directly by DMM, which is implemented using both mesh deforming and local remeshing. The instantaneous asymmetrical flow configurations for various α are presented and compared with the experimental visualizations. Quantitatively, the velocity distributions with drag and lift coefficients are also compared with the experimental and numerical results. Results show that the flow is strongly influenced by the rotation. Comparisons are found to be satisfactory.     

Numerical investigation of slow solitons in Bragg gratings with a hyperbolic tangent apodization

This paper numerically and analytically investigates the formation and propagation motion of optical soliton in the Bragg grating.We choose the fibre Bragg grating with hyperbolic tangent apodization in the middle section in order to obtain slower solitons.Optical fibre soliton but not Bragg grating soliton is used as input pulse in the discussion,which is much more approximate to the light source for the practical purpose.We discuss in detail the effects of the soliton’s velocity with some parameters in the process of transmission.The results show that by choosing special parameters,one can make the soliton slow-down with a little distortion and energy decay and obtain tunable time-delay on a small scale.     

用拉格朗日相关结构研究圆盘启动过程的流体输运

利用粒子成像测速(PIV)技术,得到了圆盘启动涡环流场的速度分布和涡量分布.圆盘启动涡环流场的有限时间李雅普诺夫指数场(Finit-time Lyapunov exponents,FTLE)以及拉格朗日相关结构(Lagrangian coherent structures,LCS)被计算出来.基于圆盘启动涡环流场的有限时间李雅普诺夫指数场以及拉格朗日相关结构,通过跟踪流体质点,对圆盘启动涡环流场的输运情况进行了分析.在圆盘启动涡环形成过程中,流体发现被圆盘和相互排斥的拉格朗日相关结构分成三部分.剪切流窗口(vorticity-flux window)被发现,涡量流通过剪切流窗口进入涡核.涡环的非定常边界被确定,它由相互排斥的拉格朗日相关结构背风面、圆盘以及剪切流窗口组成.     

Acoustic-electromagnetic slow waves in a periodical defective piezoelectric slab

Coupled slow waves, slow acoustic waves, and electromagnetic waves are simultaneously achieved based on a piezoelectric material, in which a line defect is created within a honeycomb lattice array of cylindrical holes etched in a LiNbO_3 slab. Finite element simulations in frequency domain and time domain demonstrate that a highly localized slow mode is obtained in the defect. Owing to the piezoelectricity of LiNbO_3, acoustic and electromagnetic waves are coupled with each other and transmit along the line defect. Therefore, in addition to a slow acoustic wave, an electromagnetic wave with a group velocity even lower than conventional acoustic waves is achieved.     

不同升温速率下AP/HTPB底排装置慢速烤燃的数值模拟

为研究在不同升温速率下高氯酸铵(ammonium perchlorate, AP)/端羟基聚丁二烯(tydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene, HTPB)底排装置的慢速烤燃特性,建立AP/HTPB底排推进剂二维轴对称非稳态传热模型和两步化学动力学反应模型。在不同升温速率下,分析底排装置的慢速烤燃响应特性。计算结果表明:在慢速烤燃的条件下,烤燃响应点发生在底排药柱与空气腔的接触面左侧,升温速率对底排药柱的着火延迟时间和烤燃响应点位置有较大影响。随着升温速率的提高,着火延迟时间变短,烤燃响应点向中心侧移动。升温速率对烤燃响应点的着火温度影响较小。     

Time gap for temporal cloak based on spectral hole burning in atomic medium

We demonstrate the possibility of creating a time gap in the slow light based on spectral hole burning in a fourlevel Doppler broadened sodium atomic system. A time gap is also observed between the slow and the fast light in the hole burning region and near the burnt hole region, respectively. A cloaking time gap is attained in microseconds and no distortion is observed in the transmitted pulse. The width of the time gap is observed to vary with the inverse Doppler effect in this system. Our results may provide a way to create multiple time gaps for a temporal cloak.     

安塞油田长10储层渗流特征研究

为了全面研究陕北低渗透油田—安塞油田长10油藏渗流机理,解决开发过程中渗流阻力大、注水效果差等问题,进一步改善油田开发效果,应用室内高精度微量泵和高精度压差传感器对长10储层岩心开展了油水渗流特征、水驱油效率、启动压力梯度等多项实验研究,并推导了低渗透油田IPR新方程,结果表明该储层原油的物性非均质性较强,流体渗流不遵循达西定律,存在启动压力梯度且启动压力梯度与储层的渗透率成反比;油水两相渗流特征反映束缚水饱和度较高,油水两相流动范围窄,具有典型的低渗亲水油藏特征,因此可通过降低启动压力梯度、增大生产压差来改善开发效果。     

喷油时刻对缸内直喷汽油机性能的影响

通过对某涡轮增压缸内直喷汽油机缸内流动、混合气形成及燃烧过程的数值模拟,并借助发动机台架试验中获得的油耗、排放及燃烧数据,研究了喷油开始时刻对发动机性能的影响.结果显示,对于5 000r.min-1工况,喷油开始时刻为400°曲轴转角是混合气雾化混合的最佳方案,此时混合气分布比较均匀且点火时刻火花塞附近具有较高的湍动能,10%～90%燃烧持续期最短且HC排放较低,从而使其具有最佳的燃油经济性与燃烧稳定性.而2 000r.min-1工况的最佳喷油开始时刻推迟了30°曲轴转角.喷油提前,壁面油膜量增加,混合气当量比下降及火花塞附近较低的湍动能使得燃烧速率降低,因此HC排放、燃油经济性及燃烧稳定性均会变差.同样的情况也出现在推迟喷油中,由于混合不充分使得点火时刻混合气均匀度下降,从而使发动机性能恶化.     

福建电网黑启动恢复过程中空载合闸过电压分析

结合福建电网的实际情况,在黑启动恢复过程中对空载输电线路进行合闸操作时可能出现的过电压进行分析.分析结果表明,在黑启动恢复过程中对空载输电线路进行合闸操作存在过电压的可能,但通过投入并联电抗器等控制措施后过电压问题可以得到解决.