砝码表面状态预测及质量吸附修正研究动向

质量实物基准是所有基本量中唯一的实物基准,其缺点是容易受到环境的影响而造成质量的改变。总结了国内外计量院所对砝码表面状态预测方面的研究动向,指出了各国计量院所开展砝码表面状态预测研究的方向,包括:分析质量标准在"空气"和"真空"条件下传递时对质量标准造成的影响,建立砝码质量观测模型及吸附修正模型等。对砝码表面状态的研究和吸附修正技术的研究,最终可以提高质量测量的准确度,为即将到来的质量单位的重新定义研究打下技术基础。     

无人机光电侦察平台的动目标测速方法研究

为了满足无人机对地面运动目标的侦察需求,在无人机光电侦察平台对地面运动目标实时跟踪的基础上,提出了一种对地面运动目标的光学测速方法.该方法根据光电侦察平台提供的俯仰角、方位角和无人机距离目标的距离,并结合了无人机的三维姿态信息,建立了无人机光电侦查平台对地面运动目标的速度测量模型.并分析了测速模型的误差来源,推导了误差计算公式.该测量方法无需定位目标,能够有效测量运动目标的速度,实用性较强.     

高速铁路隧道监控量测方法与分析

通过高铁隧道施工,介绍了隧道监控量测断面及测点布设的方法、监控量测项目及监测的频率,分析了隧道开挖后的地质和支护状况,对监控数据和结果进行了分析。     

锰铜压力传感器在水下爆炸近场压力测量中的应用

为得到柱状炸药水中爆炸冲击波在几百MPa到几个GPa峰压范围内的压力峰值分布,同时弥补其它类型传感器在上述范围内量程不足、精度不够或实验成本过高的不足,在对比距离小于0.3的范围内利用大阻值(R=50 Ω)锰铜压力传感器,测量了不同距离及装药量下的冲击波峰值压力. 结果表明,该型锰铜压力传感器测得的峰值压力与经验公式的计算结果接近,且测量精度、抗干扰能力达到设计要求,能够运用于水下爆炸近场冲击波压力几百MPa到几个GPa范围内的测量.     

流媒体服务器的性能测试和瓶颈分析

讨论了流媒体系统的各种性能指标和流媒体服务器的平台性能限制之间的关系。我们通过改变下列条件：连接数,并发活动的媒体文件的数量,以及流媒体的编码格式和码流,来测量流媒体服务器的CPU空闲时间,IO等待,内存,网络带宽的变化,找出流媒体服务器的性能指标和制约瓶颈。通过有针对性的提高服务器处理瓶颈的能力,可以进一步提高流媒体服务的性能。     

巧用示波器测量信号的幅度和频率

针对示波器在电子类专业实验中的广泛应用,介绍了一种提高示波器测量信号幅度和频率精度的方法。从减小测量信号的偶然误差和系统误差两个角度出发,阐述了如何用示波器精确测量信号幅度和频率。该方法测量准确,形象直观,拓展了示波器的使用功能,使之能够取代用毫伏表和频率计来测量信号的幅度和频率,可减少投资和损耗。     

皖南文化旅游示范区新型城镇化测度与格局演变

以皖南文化旅游示范区为例,基于新型城镇化内涵分析基础之上构建新型城镇化测度指标体系,运用熵值法测度研究区新型城镇化水平;并通过ESDA分析模型探讨2000—2012年皖南文化旅游示范区新型城镇化时空格局演变特征.结果表明:2000—2012年研究区新型城镇化水平在[0.401,0.711]范围内波动,总体上呈现出上升趋势;CV(变异系数)持续提升也表明新型城镇化的区域差异不断显著;全局上皖南文化旅游示范区新型城镇化表现出正的自相关性特征,但空间集聚程度相对较弱;局部上将皖南文化旅游示范区新型城镇化划分为4种基本类型,其中新型城镇化H-H区主要集聚在"芜-马"核心区,并逐渐向铜陵等地演化;而LL区主要分布在岳西县、太湖县、宿松县、望江县、东至县、祁门县等县,并且维持较稳定的空间分异格局.     

Template-directed syntheses of two 3D metal oxalates: in situ N-methylation and crystal structures

Two isomorphic organically templated zinc/cobalt oxalates, (dmdabco)[Zn₂(C₂O₄)₃]·4H₂O (1), and (dmdabco)[Co₂(C₂O₄)₃]·4H₂O (2) (C₂O₄^2? = oxalate; dmdabco = N,N′-dimethyl-1,4-diazabicyclo[2,2,2]octane), have been prepared under solvothermal conditions and characterized by X-ray structural analyses. The dmdabco²⁺ templating agent was derived from simple in situ N-alkylation between methanol and 1,4-diazabicyclo[2,2,2]octane (dabco). Distinct from conventional Eschweiler-Clarke methylation containing excess formic acid and formaldehyde, such one-step methylation from methanol molecules is convenient. Both 1 and 2 exhibit a uninodal 3-connected 3-D interrupted open-framework, in which oxalate ligands have in-plane and out-of-plane connection modes.     

In situ ion beam sputter deposition and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) of multiple thin layers under computer control for combinatorial materials synthesis

Deposition of ultra‐thin layers under computer control is a frequent requirement in studies of novel sensors, materials screening, heterogeneous catalysis, the probing of band offsets near semiconductor junctions and many other applications. Often large‐area samples are produced by magnetron sputtering from multiple targets or by atomic layer deposition (ALD). Samples can then be transferred to an analytical chamber for checking by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) or other surface‐sensitive spectroscopies. The ‘wafer‐scale’ nature of these tools is often greater than is required in combinatorial studies, where a few square centimetres or even millimetres of sample is sufficient for each composition to be tested. The large size leads to increased capital cost, problems of registration as samples are transferred between deposition and analysis, and often makes the use of precious metals as sputter targets prohibitively expensive. Instead we have modified a commercial sample block designed to perform angle‐resolved XPS in a commercial XPS instrument. This now allows ion‐beam sputter deposition from up to six different targets under complete computer control. Ion beam deposition is an attractive technology for depositing ultra‐thin layers of great purity under ultra‐high vacuum conditions, but is generally a very expensive technology. Our new sample block allows ion beam sputtering using the ion gun normally used for sputter depth‐profiling of samples, greatly reducing the cost and allowing deposition to be done (and checked by XPS) in situ in a single instrument. Precious metals are deposited cheaply and efficiently by ion‐beam sputtering from thin metal foils. Samples can then be removed, studied and exposed to reactants or surface treatments before being returned to the XPS to examine and quantify the effects. Copyright © 2016 The Authors Surface and Interface Analysis Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.     

One-pot synthesis of new 6-(alkylamine)dibenzo[c,e][1,2]oxaphosphinine-6-oxides

Several new 6-(alkylamine)-6H-dibenz[c,e][1,2]oxaphosphinine-6-oxides were prepared through a one-pot reaction, starting with 2-phenylphenol, phosphorus trichloride, and a Zn catalyst, to form 6-chloro-6H-dibenz[c,e][1,2]oxaphosphine. The alkylamine derivatives were subsequently prepared through a nucleophilic substitution reaction involving aliphatic amines and H₂O₂ oxidation under soft conditions. This method has the advantages that it is a one-pot synthesis, does not require an inert atmosphere, and involves in situ catalyst formation.