钻井船实测中的若干技术问题

介绍了港海一号钻井船实测情况 ,讨论了钻井船实测中的若干技术问题 ,给出了港海一号钻井船强度实测结果 ,对于钻井船的研究开发和钻井船规范修订具有一定意义 .     

X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy of galvannealed coatings on steel

The formation of Fe–Zn intermetallic compounds, as relevant in the commercial product galvannealed steel sheet, was investigated by scanning electron microscopy and different methods of X-ray diffraction. A scanning electron microscope with high resolution was applied to investigate the layers of the galvannealed coating and its topography. Grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GID) was preferred over conventional Bragg–Brentano geometry for analysing thin crystalline layers because of its lower incidence angle α and its lower depth of information. Furthermore, in situ experiments at an environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM) with an internal heating plate and at an X-ray diffractometer equipped with a high-temperature chamber were carried out. Thus, it was possible to investigate the phase evolution during heat treatment by X-ray diffraction and to display the growth of the ζ crystals in the ESEM.     

Non-coherent noise reduction in digital holography based on root mean square technique

In this paper, the root mean square (rms) technique is applied in order to reduce the non-coherent noise in phase-contrast image. The proposed technique is applied to a sample of 200 μm step height nominally. The recorded off-axis interferograms generated from two different wavelengths are processed to obtain an object wave (amplitude and phase) for each wavelength separately. The independent phase maps are subtracted and a phase map for the beat-wavelength is obtained and converted to height map. The rms values of 10 pixels profiles from the obtained height map are calculated automatically to show the three-dimensional (3D) profile. The experimental results show that the non-coherent noise is reduced by the order of 90% when the rms technique is applied and the uncertainty in measurement has been found to be of the order of 1.5 μm. The proposed technique can provide a simple and real solution for measuring 3D objects having high abrupt height difference.     

流动型高压液体及其混合物定压比热容测量装置的建立

建立了流动型高压液体及其混合物定压比热容测量装置．该装置测量压力可达１２ＭＰａ，温度范围为２８０～４７０Ｋ．利用所建的装置测量了纯水的定压比热容，测量结果与文献值比较，其偏差在±０．６％以内，证明了实验装置的可靠性．     

二苯并噻吩在分散型钼催化剂和原位产生的氢存在下的加氢脱硫Ⅲ. 催化剂前身物、硫化氢、一氧化碳和水对反应的影响(英)

研究了水／ 甲苯乳化液中二苯并噻吩（ 硫芴） 在分散型钼酸、磷钼酸和四硫钼酸铵催化剂存在下的加氢脱硫反应． 反应在高压釜中于３４０ ℃及三种不同的气氛即Ｈ２ ，Ｈ２／Ｈ２ Ｏ和ＣＯ／Ｈ２Ｏ（ＣＯ 和Ｈ２Ｏ 经水煤气转换反应（ ＷＧＳＲ） 产生原位氢） 的存在下进行． 用ＧＣ和ＧＣＭＳ鉴定、分析了气体和液体产物的组成． 结果表明： 对硫芴的加氢脱硫反应，在分散型四硫钼酸铵催化剂存在下，原位产生的氢的效果仅比加入的氢气稍好，而在分散型钼酸和磷钼酸催化剂存在下，原位产生的氢远比加入的氢气有效． 实验结果还表明： 硫化氢能显著提高分散型钼酸和磷钼酸催化剂的加氢脱硫活性，但在分散型四硫钼酸铵催化剂存在下，硫化氢能促进加氢反应而抑制氢解反应． 一氧化碳和水均选择性地抑制氢解反应．     

相对论中物体运动的表观现象

阐明了相对论中“测量”与“观察”两个不同的概念，论述了高速运动秩本的视觉现象，从而澄清了洛仑慈收缩是一种观察效应的误解。     

随机分组抽样下流大小分布估计

流大小分布是网络测量中一个重要的度量。已有的研究表明在MLE（极大似然估计）算法中运用TCP流的协议信息能够更好的估计流大小分布。本文详细比较了运用TCP流的SYN包和TCP序列号信息的几种MLE算法，并在此基础上结合实际应用提出了一种对小流采取细粒度、对大流采取粗粒度的非均匀粒度的流大小估计算法。实验结果表明，该算法在减少了MLE估计计算量的同时，提高了粗粒度后大流估计精度。     

Bell’s Theorem,Many Worlds and Backwards-Time Physics: Not Just a Matter of Interpretation

The classic “Bell’s Theorem” of Clauser, Holt, Shimony and Horne tells us that we must give up at least one of: (1) objective reality (aka “hidden variables”); (2) locality; or (3) time-forwards macroscopic statistics (aka “causality”). The orthodox Copenhagen version of physics gives up the first. The many-worlds theory of Everett and Wheeler gives up the second. The backwards-time theory of physics (BTP) gives up the third. Contrary to conventional wisdom, empirical evidence strongly favors Everett-Wheeler over orthodox Copenhagen. BTP allows two major variations—a many-worlds version and a neoclassical version based on Partial Differential Equations (PDE), in the spirit of Einstein. Section 2 of this paper discusses the origins of quantum measurement according to BTP, focusing on the issue of how we represent condensed matter objects like polarizers in a model “Bell’s Theorem” experiment. The backwards time telegraph (BTT) is not ruled out in BTP, but is highly speculative for now, as will be discussed. The views herein are not anyone’s official views, but this does constitute work produced on government time.     

A new method for the evaluation of the reversible and irreversible fouling propensity of MBR mixed liquor

In this paper, a new fouling measurement method is presented as a pragmatic approach to determine a mixed liquor's fouling propensity. The MBR-VFM (VITO Fouling Measurement) uses a specific measurement protocol consisting of alternating filtration and physical cleaning steps, which enables the calculation of both the reversible and the irreversible fouling resistances. The MBR-VFM principle, set-up and measurement protocol are described as well as the evaluation of the fouling measurement method. Finally, the MBR-VFM was validated by comparing the fouling propensity measured on-line by the MBR-VFM in a lab-scale MBR with the fouling of the MBR membranes themselves. Our experiments indicated that the MBR-VFM can accurately measure fouling and that it can even be detected earlier than can be seen from the on-line filtration data of the lab-scale system itself. Furthermore, the differences measured in reversible and irreversible fouling seemed to be related to the observed impact of physical and chemical cleaning respectively. Therefore, the application of the MBR-VFM as an on-line sensor in an advanced control system, enabling the deployment of the measured fouling data for the control of membrane cleaning, seems feasible and will be tested in the near future.